Lecture:Organic/Bio waste Life Cycle Assessment case studies
Ebre2
1. Impact of Stockholm Convention
POPs in gull eggs from the Ebro
Delta Natural Park
Silvia Lacorte, Pablo Zapata, Rubén Ballesteros,
Pere Colomer, Mª Generosa Martrat, Esteban
Abad, Albert Bertolero, Javier Santos
Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-
CSIC, Barcelona
Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of
Barcelona
Associació Ornitològica Picampall de les Terres
de l’Ebre
2. Flix
0.5 km
21
Erkimia-Ercros (1897-2013)
Chlorine for textile manufacturing
Manufacture of fertilizers (1904)
Manufacture of PCBs (1959-1983)
Manufacture of OC pesticides (1941
1975)
700,000 t of industrial sludge (16 t
PCBs, 7 t HCB, 0.5 t DDTs, 68 t Hg)
Sludge
removed
during
2012-15
25,000 ha
of rice
cultivation
Protected
wetland
(1983)
Ebro delta
3. Objectives
Sardina sardina
Mytilus
Larus michahellis (high trophic level)
Procambarus
clarkii
• To evaluate the occurrence of
Stockholm Convention POPs in gull
eggs.
• To compare the POPs profile in 2
gull species cohabiting in the same
area.
• To determine the time trends over
the period 2009-2015.
Tools: chemical monitoring to
study the impact of POPs using
gull eggs as bioindicators of
contamination in areas of high
degree of protection
CONTAMINANTED ENVIRONMENT
Landfill
4. • Long lifespan and site fidelity
• Sensible to chemical pollution 1
• High trophic position 2
• Eggs as non-invasive indicators 3
Larus michahellis and Larus audouinii
Non protected, common,
oportunistic species
Protected, few colonies,
piscivourous
(1) Furness, i col., (1997). ICES J Mar Sci (54), 726-737.
(2) Rüdel, i col., (2010) Environmental Specimen Bank.
(3) Klein, i col., (2012) Environ. Sci. Technol. (46), 5273-5284.
6. 1 6
Biometric parameters recorded
Calculation of eggshell and dissication index CONDITION
Twelve eggs pooled from 3 sites of each colony
Recording of pairs during the period 2005-15 POPULATION
POPs
13. Egg and eggshell parameter
EI: measure of shell thinning and productivity
DI: measure of water loss through the shell
Volume: measure of trophic availability
15. Conclusions
• L. michahellis are excellent bioindicators and
reflect the contamination of a given area.
• L. audouinii are similarly affected by POPs
pollution and may reflect the pollution levels of
other bird species sharing habitat.
• ∑POPs may affect the condition of birds and the
population dynamics.
