This document discusses clinical trials and cancer treatment from an Unani perspective. It provides an overview of clinical trials, the goals of cancer treatment, limitations of modern treatments, and defines cancer from both a modern and Unani viewpoint. It then discusses Unani principles for cancer management, including pathology, diet and formulations. Finally, it outlines some past and potential future Ayurvedic and Unani clinical trials for cancer treatments.

1. Presented by
Dr Mohmmed Shahid
M.D (Medicine)
Assistant Professor
Markaz Unani Medical College

2. 1. Clinical Research/trial
2. Phases of Clinical Trial
3. What is Cancer?
4. Goal of Cancer treatment
5. Limitation of Modern treatment
6. Sartan (Cancer) in Unani Medicine
7. Patho-physiology Of Sartan
8. Principles Of Management
9. Some Ayurvedic Cancer related Clinical Trials
10. Future strategies for research in Unani medicine

3.  Test capability of treatments in human
volunteers / patients to see whether they
should be further investigated or
commercially used in general population
 It evaluate the effectiveness & safety of drug,
surgery technique or medical device
 Goal is to Improve Quality of Life (Qol)

6.  Defined as, malignant growth characterized by
the uninhibited proliferation of cells, often
affecting healthy tissues locally or throughout
the body.
 Second leading cause of death after
cardiovascular disorders
 Estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018
 1 in 6 deaths is due to cancer
(WHO)

7.  The cell cycle is regulated by
 Cyclins & Cyclin dependant kinases (CDKs)
 Regulate target proteins required for entry
into the next phase of the cell cycle
 The majorities of cancers do not have a single
cause but rather are the result of a complex
interaction between genetic factors and
exposure to environmental carcinogens

8.  To eradicate the Cancer
 Palliation - reduction of symptoms
improve quality of life
while trying to extend life

9.  Chemotherapy - Cytotoxic drugs and hormones
 Radiation therapy
 Surgery
 Combined
 Side effects
 The anorexia–cachexia syndrome is considered
the most common cause of death in patients with
cancer.
 Radiation therapy causes anorexia.
 Cancer cachexia includes metabolic, hormonal,
and cytokine-related abnormalities. non-healing
ulceration.

10.  Although widespread research for management
of cancer has been going on and present
treatment causes so many adverse effects with
enormous financial implications.
 Cancer patients treated annually with
chemotherapy 20% are cured
 Additional 20% may experience significant
prolongation of life.
 Remaining 60% have minimal or no benefit from
cytostatic treatment and suffer from its toxic
adverse reactions.

11.  Unani physicians have not only described the
concept of Sartan but also cited its
management through different regimen
which remains unexplored.

12.  Sartan is an Arabic word which literally means
crab and was derived from an ancient Greek
word καρκίνος (karkinos, “crab”)
 Galen (131-200 A.D.)
As a crab is equipped with talons on either
sides of the body, so is the disease. The
tributaries extend from the growth giving it a
shape much like that of a crab

13.  Defined as Warme Salabat (hard
inflammation) with lesion and their tributaries
filled by Madda Saudavia (morbid melancholic
humour)

14.  Unani - Morbid Sauda
 Modern – commonly not have
a single cause usually the
result of a complex
interaction b/w genetic
factors & exposure to
environmental carcinogens

15.  Sauda Ahtiraqi is an extremely harmful and
more prone to malignancy with Akkal
(corrosive) properties which putrefies the
tissue and develops cancer.
 Most commonly Sartan is occurred in A’azay
Ratba (moist organs) viz; breast, uterus,
palate, intestine, face or stomach
 Zakariya Razi commonly occurs in uterus,
breast, eyes, neck and nervous tissue

16.  Production of Khilt Sauda in excess quantity or
extreme quality in the form of 'Mirrah Sauda',
both are responsible for change in Mizaj and
thereby functions of the organs that are being
nourished
 This altered Sauda being extremely hot in quality
and Akkal (irritative) in nature causes Ihthiraq in
organs
 Quantity-quality ratio of Arkan changes
 Surat Naw'ia and functions altered
 Altered Sauda erodes the tissues and produce
malignant changes altering their Surat Naw'ia
(structure) termed as Sartan

17.  Four aims of treating the cancer
(a) complete resolution of growth including
root
(b) arrest the spread of cancer
(c) prevent to from ulceration
(d) if ulcerated, treat accordingly
 It is important to know whether it is acute or
chronic, if it is chronic then it is very difficult
to treat

18.  Do not treat cancer which are developed
inside the body and unable to observe by
naked eyes
 If removal of morbid Akhlat had been done in
such a way like Fasd (venesection) and steady
purgation, with balanced diet having the
property to produced normal blood then it
can be treated safely

19.  The diet must be of those kinds which is Jaiyyadul
Kaimoos (easily digestible) and Latif (light diet) and
do not produces Sauda
 Food having cold and moist temperament like Kaddu
 (Cucurbita maxima) which possess anti cancerous
activity
 Maus-Shaeer
 Zardi Baizae Murgh
 Samake Zarazi (fish)
 Cholai (Amaranthus polygamus),
 Khurfa (Portulaccaoleracea), Nabeez (Arisht),
 Bathua (Chenopodium album), Maul Jubn (Cow’s
 churn milk), Kheera (Cucumissativus)

20.  Unani physicians advocated not onl
restriction of diet but also effective
formulations
 Mohallilat (resolvents) as an ointment which
resolve insidiously like
 Tootiya Maghsool (copper sulphate) and
Roghan Gul (rose oil)

21.  All ingredients of the formulation, viz. Halela
Siyah, Aftimoon, Ustokhuddus, KharbaqSiyah,
Milh-e-Nafti and Ghariqoon except Bisfaij
have been reported to have
 Significant anticancer and cytotoxic effects by
various in-vivo and in-vitro studies

22.  Regimens not only eliminate the morbid
akhlat but also check its spread to near vital
organs and maintain health by recuperation
of humours

23.  Fasd (Venesection); Rag-e-Akhal (Median Cubital
Vein)
 Is’hal (Purgation); decoction of Aftimoon
(Cuscuta reflexa) (18 gm) with Maul Jubn for few
day
 Decoction of Aftimoon (Cuscuta reflexa) with
Sikanjabin
 Those who are strong in built and temperament
can be used Ayarij Kharbaq.
 Nutool (Douching)
 Hamam (Steam bath)[
 Tila (application of lintment)

24.  There is no assurance of successful treatment
as Avicenna observed in his practice that
removal of one breast led to recurrence in
other

25. 1. Efficacy of Rasayana Avaleha as adjuvant to
radiotherapy and chemotherapy in reducing
adverse effects (Ayu. 2010)
 Rasayana Avaleha — an Ayurvedic preparation
composed of
 Amalaki (Emblica officinalis)
 Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)
 Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia)
 Yashtimadhu (Glycirrhiza glabra)
 Jivanti (Leptadenia reticulata)
 Tulasi (Ocimum sanctum)
 Pippali (Piper longum)

26. 1. Evaluation of Dhatri Avaleha as adjuvant
therapy in Thalassemia (Anukta Vyadhi in
Ayurveda) (2010)
2. Efficacy of triphaladi avaleha on
beejadushtijanya pandu (thalassemia)
(2014)

27.  Chennai based company
 http://dnaayurveda.com/pressrelease.html
 It secured the licence from US-based
researcher and director of the University of
Missouri Cancer Nanotechnology Platform, Dr
Kattesh V Katti
 Ayurveda drug trials against cancer to begin
in Chennai this article published in Hindustan
times in July 2018

28.  Dr Kattesh V Katti
(US-based researcher and director of the
University of Missouri Cancer
Nanotechnology)
 He developed this nano drug from plants.
 When the medicines were used in cancer
patients as combined therapy along with
regular chemo, tumour burden reduced by 6-
8%.
 (Adjuvant study Design)

29.  The drug’s entry into the market depends on
government approval
 New drugs go to CDSCO (Central Drugs
Standard Control Organization’s) Ayush
vertical for review. Only after they are fully
satisfied with the data, will they issue an
approval,”

30.  Anticancer studies of Unani drugs may be carried
out in vitro as well as in vivo models
 Swiss albino mice are commonly used as in vivo
model for anticancer preclinical studies
 Different cancer cell lines are also used to
established the facts
 HeLa (Cervix adenocarcinoma),
 MCF-7 (Breast adenocarcinoma),
 HT-29 (Colon adenocarcinoma),
 A549 (Lung carcinoma),
 HEP-G2 (Hepatocellular carcinoma), K-562
(Chronic myeloid leukaemia),

31.  Adjuvant or adjunct Clinical trial
 They are given in addition to the primary
treatment to enhance its efficacy or it alters
the effect of another agent

32. 1. Kharbaq Siyah (Picrorhiza kurroaroot) 375mg,
2. Habbul Neel (Ipomoea nil) 256 mg,
3. Shahtara (Fumaria officinal) 375 mg,
4. HabbulGhar (Juniperu scommunis) 375 mg,
5. Shahme Hanzal (Citrullus colocynthis)512 mg
6. Afsanteen (Artemisia absinthium)1024 mg
7. Ghariqoon (Polyporous officinalis)1024 mg,
8. Ayarij Faiqra 1.75 gm,
9. Milhe Nafti (black salt) 630 mg
10. Saqmooniya (Convolvulus scammonia ) 630 mg
 Dose: 12 gm once in a week in tablet form

33.  Presently, Whole World is staring at Herbal
Medicine for Option.
 If Ayurveda Medicine can do these types of
Researches, we can also do very efficiently.
 Don’t blame Unani herbal Medicine for not
producing results like others, but blame
yourself for not studying enough to
understand Unani Medicine