Rag pickers in India face many hardships. Children often begin rag picking from ages 5-15 to help support their families financially. Rag pickers live in poor conditions and lack education. They face health issues from handling waste and living in unsanitary conditions. While some laws exist to help rag pickers, enforcement is still lacking. Non-profits are working to organize and support rag pickers to improve their living standards. The rag picking industry remains an important, though unregulated, part of the waste management system in large cities across India.

1. Rag Pickers in India
CONTENT
INTRODUCTION:3
RAG–PICKING4
RAG–PICKERS:5
PROBLEMS FACED BY RAG PICKERS7
STATE OF THE LEGISLATION8
NEEDS OF RAG PICKERS9
GOVERNMENT'S INITIATIVE10
PRIVATISATION OF WASTE11
A CASE STUDY: DELHI,MUMBAI,KOLKATA,CHENNAI12
ORGANISING THE UNORGANISED13
CONCLUSION15
REFERENCES16
INTRODUCTION:
Over fifteen lakh individuals across India work as scrap and waste collectors, earning their livelihood from the collection and sale of paper, plastic,
metal and glass scrap to recycling industries.
Among the most disadvantaged, vulnerable and underprivileged class in the urban labour market, occupying the lowest rung of the poverty groups, is
the class of rag pickers. This dynamic but unregulated sector in the expanding...show more content...
Normally they don't stay away from work even for a day, unless they have a health problem.
RAG PICKERS START YOUNG:
Many children begin working as rag pickers at the young age of five or six years. Most of them never attend school and don't have any formal
education. Their families are generally in need of extra incomes from their children. Rag picking is the profession mostly dominated by children

2. aging 6 to 15 who do not have any other skill and thus by way of refuse collection contribute to household income or own survival. These are mainly
children of slum dwellers and poor people. Some of them are abandoned or runaway children. Most of them don't go to school. They don't have formal
education.
There are two categories of child rag pickers:
I.The street pickers– they collect garbage in residential areas and street bins.
II.Dump pickers– they work on dumping grounds.
Both the categories of rag pickers have different living conditions and characteristics.
Street pickers are extremely mobile. They usually need is a shelter or reintegration with their families. The children work for a middleman who takes
the major share of the sales and only pays only a small amount to the children.
The dump pickers often stay with their families. They work with their families in and around the dumping ground. Initially girls were more involved in
rag picking than boys. But the trends have changed and more boys are now engaged in rag picking. Adolescent
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3. Causes Of Child Labour
Threatens children's physical, mental or emotional well being.
Involves intolerable abuse, such as child slavery, child trafficking, debt bondage, forced labour or illicit activities.
Prevents children from going to school.
Uses children to undermine labour standards.
CAUSES OF CHILD LABOUR
For much of human history and across different cultures, children less than 17 years old have contributed to family welfare in a variety of ways.
There are various reasons which lead to child labour. Some of the important reasons are as follows:
POVERTY: UNICEF suggests that poverty is a big cause for child labour. The report also notes that in rural and impoverished parts of developing and
undeveloped parts of the world, children have no...show more content...
Many communities, particularly rural areas do not possess adequate school facilities. Even when schools are sometimes available, they are too far
away, difficult to reach, unaffordable or the quality of education is so poor that parents wonder if going to school is really worth it. In government–run
primary schools, even when children show up, government–paid teachers do not show up 25% of the time. The 2008 ILO study suggests that illiteracy
resulting from a child going to work, rather than a quality primary and secondary school, limits the child's ability to get a basic educational
grounding which would in normal situations enable them to acquire skills and to improve their prospects for a decent adult working life. An older
report published by UNICEF outlines the issues summarized by the ILO report. The UNICEF report claimed that while 90% of child labour in
India is in its rural areas, the availability and quality of schools is decrepit; in rural areas of India, claims the old UNICEF report, about 50% of
government funded primary schools that exist do not have a building, 40% lack a blackboard, few have books, and 97% of funds for these publicly
funded school have been budgeted by the government as salaries for the teacher and administrators. A 2012 Wall Street Journal article reports while
the enrolment in India's school has dramatically increased in recent years to over 96% of all children in the 6–14 year age group, the infrastructure in
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4. Child Labor Essay examples
Kids working in factories, handling dangerous equipment, potentially hurting themselves. This is everyday life for children in other countries.
Everyday kids lose their innocence, they experience something that is grueling and back–breaking everyday for, most likely, for their lives.
Children are considered the future, they are to be nurtured, cared, have a childhood, they are to be loved, to be raised fairly as they pave the way for
humans, the next generation, so the world would have better technological advancement, medicine and overall a better world, so it is best to set them
to a straight path. Though many spirits of children who grew to adults were broken, they have practically become a slave that earned little earnings and
...show more content...
"India has the largest work force of children in the world. They are made to work as shares in fields and factories in homes and in cottage industries.
They are deprived of their childhood. Children are also self–employed as shoeshine, milk boys, rag pickers and rickshaw pullers. They are overworked
and under paid. They miss the benefits of education" (R. H. Waghamode, J. L. Kalyan). Many children suffer from the age of child to adulthood as
they become exhausted and usually deformed from working from a child because kids work jobs from stone quarries, in the streets to working in the
fields or hidden in another house that often makes them do domestic chores. Child labor in India has a common cause why they use children because it
is a socioeconomic problem with India having illiteracy, poverty and other issues that fuel child labor. With the continuation of child labor, India
continues to be one of the prominent country that utilizes children to work. Malaysia is another country that uses child labor, though somewhat
developed, it still uses child labor but not as harsh than India. They work as labourers in workshops, at eating–places and other commercial sectors.
A great majority of the children, 77%, indicated that, at the time of the study, they have been working for less than one year, while 19.2% had been
working for between one to three years. Children are also observed to work in restaurants, carrying goods, wet market works. Boys and
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5. Child Labour
CAUSES OF CHILD LABOUR
Poverty
Parental illiteracy
Tradition of making children learn the family skills
Absence of universal compulsory Primary education
Social apathy and tolerance of child labour
Ignorance of the parents about the adverse consequences of Child labour
Ineffective enforcement of the legal provisions pertaining to child labour
Non–availability of and non–accessibility to schools
Irrelevant and non–attractive school curriculum
Employers prefer children as they constitute cheap labour and they are not able to organize themselves against exploitation.
Causes of Child Labour
Some common causes of child labor are poverty, parental illiteracy, social apathy, ignorance, lack of education and exposure,
...show more content...
India is the largest example of a nation plagued by the problem of child labour. Estimates cite figures of between 60 and 115 million working children
in India –– the highest number in the world (Human Rights Watch 1996, 1).
What are the causes of child labour in India? How do governmental policies affect it? What role does education play in regard to child labour in
India? A critical analysis of the answers to these questions may lead in the direction of a possible solution. These questions will be answered through
an analysis of the problem of child labour as it is now, investigating how prevalent it is and what types of child labour exist. The necessity of child
labour to poor families, and the role of poverty as a determinant will be examined. Governmental policies concerning child labour will be investigated.
The current state of education in India will be examined and compared with other developing countries. Compulsory education policies and their
relationship to child labour will be investigated using Sri Lanka and the Indian state of Kerala as examples of where these policies have worked.
Finally, India's policies concerning compulsory education will be assessed.
The Problem of Child Labour in India

6. How many children are involved?
It is difficult to cite a current figure for the number of children engaged in child labour. This difficulty is attributed to the fact that the Indian
Government "has been negligent in its refusal to
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7. Child Labour Essay
Child labour is defined as "work for children that harms them or exploits them in somewhat physically, mentally, morally or blocking access to
education" (Amery, Lecture 5, p2, 2017). Work forms of child labour including the following: plantations, family farms, manufactures, construction
work, commercial work, sexual exploitation, mining and children illicit activities (Amery, Lecture 5, p9 2017). Although these are just a few of the
activities that child labour's perform working on family's farms and in factories are often the most common. Both the International Labour Organization
(2017) and Diollo, Etienne, Mehran (2013) who have studied this topic suggest 56% of child Labour's work on family farms. Furthermore, work
performed on the...show more content...
Some of the children that have been studied in India's workforce have suggest that they are not proud of themselves (23%), they are under extreme
stress (55%), they are not happy (67%), they are extremely shy (64%) of the 500 children studied during 2011(Gamlin et al., 2015). This is a perfect
indication of the damage these young children's brains are suffering from the impacts of the working conditions and abuse faced during their work.
Furthermore, the reason why child labour is an issue around the 'work' is because of the detrimental effects the working conditions and work has on
the child's development into their real career. Children in the workforce are not being treated as children they are essentially salves. They work
inhumane hours, are starved until a job is done or not fed at all, beaten and abused for being tired or not performing at their regular capacity
(Srivastava, 2012). But this is okay as many workers or labour's suggest because we need their tiny hands and they are faster at getting the job done.
However, their childhood is stripped from them as they miss out on going to school and forced into the labour force. These children are experiencing
intense fast paced work, that they are not ready for (Gamlin et al., 2015). The children are also severally hindered in their brain development as they
are being abused
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8. Child Labor in India
Child labor is not new to North America, South America, Europe, Africa, Asia, basically every part of the world inhabited by people (Herumin 10).
Child labor is not something people noticed until the rise of the industrial revolution, where new advancements in manufacturing increased the demand
for workers, mainly children because of their ability to reach in small spaces (Herumin 20). Child labor involves children under the age of 18 who
work in terrible, dangerous conditions for long hours with little to no pay (Herumin 10). These conditions leave scars, physical and psychological
ones including deadly diseases and injuries, loneliness, isolation, IQ reduction and more (WHO). The effects are infinite, endless. Many of the
reasons why child labor is still a problem today is because of poverty, lack of education, overpopulation, and lack of awareness – factors India is greatly
displaying (Bolla). Bolla also explains that child labor continues to be a problem in India because of its previous use of a caste system. Most people
weren't rich, so the majority of children had to work to help the family survive instead of going to school and learning how to read and write (Bolla).
The ILO estimates over 200 million children worldwide are current victims of child labor, with 30% of them in India (WHO). The reasons why this
number is remarkably overwhelming lies in the facts that children everyday are abused, starved, and worked for up to 12 hours a day (Kara). Working
conditions
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9. Child Labour In India
What is Child labour ? Child labour is work which is performed by an adolescent which usually interferes with his or her right to education, or to be
harmful to the child's health, physical, spiritual, mental, social or moral development. It includes all forms of work done by children up to 15
years old that deprives them of their right to education, as well as dangerous work done by children up to the age of 18 years. Child labour is
illegal worldwide, yet many companies employ child labourers to complete dangerous work. Although child labour occurs in many places
throughout the world, it is mostly prevalent in Asian countries and in most particular India. Who are the perpetrators? The perpetrators of child
labour in India are companies like Nike because they pay the children a very low wage and by doing that they save a large amount of money.Most
of the soccer balls in the world are made in India. Nike is not alone in making the children do there work, the entire soccer ball industry including
Nike and Reebok use child labor as their workforce. There are many inhumane working conditions that these child workers have to endure while they
work . For example, workers aren't allowed to go to the bathroom more than once per an eight hour shift, and they can't drink water more than twice
per shift. It is also extremely common for workers to faint from heat, exhaustion , fumes, and poor nutrition while they are working. Why does this
issue occur? According to the
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10. Child Labour Essay
Child labour is the practice of having children engage in economic activity, on part or full–time basis. The practice deprives children of their childhood,
and is harmful to their physical and mental development. Poverty, lack of good schools and growth of informal economy are considered as the
important causes of child labour in India.
The 2001 national census of India estimated the total number of child labour, aged 5–14, to be at 12.6 million. In 2001, out of a 12.6 million, about 12
million children in India were in a hazardous job. UNICEF estimates that India with its larger population has the highest number of labourers in the
world less than 14 years of age, while sub–Saharan African countries have the highest percentage of children who are deployed as child labour.
International Labour Organisation estimates that agriculture at 60 percent is the largest employer of child labour in India, while United Nation's Food
and Agriculture Organisation estimates 70% of child labour is deployed in agriculture and related activities. Outside of agriculture, child labour is
observed in almost all informal sectors of the Indian economy.
Companies including Gap, Primark, Monsanto and others have been criticised for child labour in their products. The companies claim they have strict
policies against selling products made by underage kids, but there are many links in a supply chain making it difficult to police them all. In 2011, after
three years of Primark's effort, BBC
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