This is the presentation about the Geothermal energy evolving in the world. It describes about different technology and use of it. It is beneficial for students to present this topic in their academic institutions. Also they will get brief knowledge about the geothermal energy from renewable energy.

1. GeoThermal Energy

2. Introduction
• What is geo thermal energy ?
• Sources of geo thermal energy
• Geothermal exploration survey for finding out Ideal locations :
• Uses of geo thermal energy
• Advantages of geo thermal energy
• Disadvantages of geo thermal energy
• Scope of geo thermal energy in World

3. What is geoThermal energy
• Geothermal energy is heat that is generated within the Earth. (Geo means
“earth,” and thermal means “heat” in Greek.)
• Geothermal energy is the heat from the earth.
• It's source lies 6,500km beneath the Earth’s surface, Core containing hot
magma .

4. video

5. Sources of GeoThermal Energy
• Some visible sources of geothermal energy are volcanoes, hot springs,
geysers, and fumaroles.
• But we cannot see most of the resources as they are deep
underground.
• Exploration is done by digging well and testing temp deep
underground.
• Most active resources are found along edges of tectonic plates.

7. Geothermal exploration survey for finding out Ideal
locations :
• Satellite imagery and aerial photography
• Volcanological studies.
• Geologic and structural mapping
• Geochemical surveys
• Geophysical surveys

8. Uses of Geo thermal Energy
• Direct Uses
• Indirect Uses

9. Direct Uses ( Temperature of
source is below 150oC)
• Space heating
• Industrial processes
• Drying
• Aquaculture
• Hot water
• Resorts and pools
• Melting snow
• Greenhouses

12. • Iceland is one of the more countries successful in using geothermal energy
• 86% of their space heating uses geothermal energy
• 16% of their electricity generation uses geothermal energy .

13. Indirect Uses ( Temperature of Source is above
150oC)
• It consists of four types of power plants
• Dry steam Plants
• Flash steam Plants
• Binary Cycle Plants
• Hot Dry Rocks

14. Dry Steam Power Plant
• Deep wells are drilled and
steam from reservoir is used to
drive turbines and produce
electricity.
• These were the first type of
plants created .
• They use underground steam
to directly turn the turbines .

15. Flash steam Power Plants
• These are most common plants
• These systems pull deep ,high
pressured hot water that reaches
temperature of 360o F or more to the
surface .
•This water is transported to low pressure
chambers and the resulting steam drives
the turbines .
•The remaining water and steam are then
injected back into the source from which
they were taken .

16. Binary Cycle Power Plants
 This system passes moderately hot
geothermal water past a liquid , usually
an organic fluid that has a lower boiling
point.
 The resulting steam from the organic
liquid drives the turbines .
 This process does not produce any
emissions and the water temperature
needed for the water is lower than that
needed in the flash steam plants (250oF –
360oF)

18. Hot Dry Rocks Power Plants
• The simplest models have one injection well and
two production wells .
• Pressurized cold water is sent down the injection
well where the hot rocks heat the water up .
• Then pressurized water of temp. greater than
200oF is brought to the surface and passed near
a liquid with a lower boiling temperature , such
as an organic liquid like butane . The ensuing
steam turns the turbines .
• Then the cool water is again injected to be
heated .
• This system does not produce any emissions .

19. Advantages of GeoThermal Energy
• Geothermal energy is the most versatile and least polluting renewable
source of energy .It can be harnessed for 24 hours throughout the year.
• Geothermal energy is relatively inexpensive.
• As compared to solar energy and wind energy, the power generation level of
geothermal energy is higher.
• Useful minerals such as zinc and silica , can be extracted from underground
water .

20. • In large plants the cost is 4-8 cents per
kilowatt hour . This cost is almost
competitive with conventional energy
sources .
• Flash and Dry Steam Power Plants emit
1000x to 2000x less carbon dioxide than
fossil fuel plants , no nitrogen oxides and
little SO2 .
• Geothermal electric plants production is
13.380 g of Carbon dioxide per kWh, whereas
CO2 emissions are 453 g /kWh for natural gas
, 906 g /kWh for oil and 1042 g/kWh for coal .
•Binary and Hot Dry Rock plants have no
gaseous emission at all .

21. Disadvantages of GeoThermal Energy
• Geothermal hot spots are scattered and usually some distance away from the areas
that need energy.
• Brine can sallinate soil if the water is not injected back into the reserve after the
heat is extracted .
• Extracting large amounts of water can cause land subsidence , and this can lead to
an increase in seismic activity . To prevented this the cooled water must be injected
back into the reserve in order to keep the water pressure constant underground .
• Power plants that do not inject the cooled water back into the ground can release
gas This gas can cause problems if inhaled too much and it can be fatal .
• Noise pollution is created due to continuous drilling of wells

22. Scope in the world and in India

23. City State
Tattapani Chhattisgarh
Puga Jammu & Kashmir
Cambay Graben Gujarat
Manikaran Himachal Pradesh
Surajkund Jharkhand
Chhumathang Jammu & Kashmir

24. References :
• https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Geothermal_power_plants
• https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geothermal_exploration
• https://www.tutorialspoint.com/general_knowledge/general_knowledge_g
eothermal_power_plants_in_india.htm
• https://www.wbdg.org/resources/geothermal-energy-direct-use
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geothermal_energy

25. Thank You