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Summer school Sanguis Jovis - Sangiovese anthocyanins and climate changes
- 7. O + OH OH O OH O OO OH OH OH OH O + O OH OH O O OH OH OH OH O O O + O OH OH O O OH OH OH OH O O OH O acetaldehyde pyruvic acid O + OH O OH O OO OH OH OH OH OH p-coumaric acid pyranovitisin (vitisin B-type) carboxypyranovitisin (vitisin A-type) Pinotin type Wine pigments
- 8. Oliveira et al (2014) Dyes and Pigments Wine pigments
- 9. Wine pigments Chassaing et al (2015) Tetrahedron
- 11. Time 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 % 0 100 Sg_10_04_C5_02uL 13: MRM of 2 Channels ES+ 493.22 > 331.12 (Mv 3-glu) 6.79e7 Dp glu Mv glu Cy glu Pn glu Pt glu O + R OH OH OH O O OH OH OH OH R Mv : malvidin Pn : peonidin Pt : petunidin Cy : cyanidin Dp : delphinidin Wine pigments UPLC-MS/MS
- 12. O + R OH OH OH O O OH OH OH O O OH R Pn pc glu cis trans Cy pc glu Pt pc glu Mv pc glu Wine pigments UPLC-MS/MS
- 13. O + R OH OH O O OH OH OH OH O R Dp pr glu Pt pr glu Pn pr glu Mv pr glu vitisins B-type Wine pigments UPLC-MS/MS
- 14. O + R OH OH O O OH OH OH OH O O OH R Dp pr glu Pt cbpr glu Mv cbpr glu Pn cbpr glu vitisins A-type Wine pigments UPLC-MS/MS
- 15. Mv glu ethyl C/EC Pt glu ethyl C/EC Pn glu ethyl C/EC O + O OH OH O O OH OH OH OH OH O OH O OH OH OH OH ethyl-linked flavano-anthocyanins Wine pigments UPLC-MS/MS
- 16. Mv glu C/EC Pt glu C/EC Pn glu C/EC Cy glu C/EC O + O OH OH O O OH OH OH OH O OH OH O OH OH OH OH direct linked flavano-anthocyanins Wine pigments UPLC-MS/MS
- 18. Jen Christiansen
- 21. malvidin 3-O-glu vitisin type-A vitisin type-B O + O OH O OH O O glu CH3 CH3 O OH O + O OH O OH O O glu CH3 CH3 O + OH OH O OH glu OH OH vitisin type-A vitisin type-B malvidin 3-O-glu Grape pigments
- 22. 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 Dp 3-glu 142.325 (16) 84.507 (19) 323.664 (10) 118.683 (10) 135.812 (15) 116.543 (20) Cy 3 glc 85.017 (15) 43.041 (17) 23.463 (19) 5.071 (12) 26.263 (17) 8.584 (23) Pt 3-glu 77.391 (11) 48.817 (13) 134.140 (9) 33.842 (6) 58.784 (16) 35.580 (13) Pn 3-glc 66.499 (11) 54.577 (17) 129.499 (19) 34.979 (6) 87.036 (16) 27.852 (13) Mv 3-glc 163.243 (10) 126.62 (13) 815.296 (14) 193.910 (8) 285.486 (18) 137.371 (14) Pl 3-glc 0.403 (6) 0.349 (23) 1.190 (14) 0.281 (12) 0.813 (13) 0.114 (30) B-type vitisin 0.035 (16) 0.003 (28) 0.053 (6) nd 0.042 (18) nd A-type vitisin 4.286 (20) 0.509 (17) 29.607 (7) 0.451 (11) 6.421 (18) nd total acylated 55.220 (12) 16.465 (14) 1607.174 (7) 299.997 (10) 882.531 (14) 267.493 (9) Total 594.419 (11) 374.888 (16) 3064.086 (12) 687.214 (8) 1483.188 (11) 593.537 (17) Dp: delphinidin; Cy: cyanidin; Pt: petunidin; Pn: peonidin; Mv: malvidin; Pl: pelargonidin; glu: glucoside; nd: not detected mg/Kg (%CV) mg/Kg (%CV) mg/Kg (%CV) Table 2. Anthocyanins concentration in red berries expressed in mg/Kg of grape Sangiovese Cabernet Sauvignon Merlot Grape pigments
- 23. Sternad Lemut et al (2013) Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
- 25. O + R OH OH OH O O OH OH OH OH R O + R OH OH OH O O OH OH OH O R1 R Experimental wines Commercial wines R1 = p-cumaroyl or acetyl Wine pigments during aging
- 26. O + R OH OH O O OH OH OH OH O R vitisins B-type O + R OH OH O O OH OH OH OH O O OH R vitisins A-type Experimental wines Commercial wines Wine pigments during aging
- 27. O + R OH OH O O OH OH OH OH O OH O R pinotins Experimental wines Commercial wines Wine pigments during aging
- 28. O + O OH OH O O OH OH OH OH OH O OH O OH OH OH OH ethyl-linked flavano-anthocyanins Experimental wines Commercial wines Wine pigments during aging
- 29. O + O OH OH O O OH OH OH OH O OH OH O OH OH OH OH direct linked flavano-anthocyanins Experimental wines Commercial wines Wine pigments during aging
- 30. O + O OH OH O O OH OH OH OH OH O OH O OH OH OH OH sum of ethyl-linked flavano-anthocyanins O + R OH OH O O OH OH OH OH O R Sum of vitisins B-type Correlations 2004-2010: 0.726 2008-2010: 0.835 Wine pigments during aging
- 31. O + O OH OH O O OH OH OH OH OH O OH O OH OH OH OHO + O OH OH O O OH OH OH OH O O ? O + O OH OH O O OH OH OH OH OH O CH3 H O + flavanol + malvidin 3-glucoside vitisin B-type Correlations 2004-2010: 0.726 2008-2010: 0.835 Sum of vitisin B type Sumflavano-ethyl-anthocyanins Wine pigments during aging
- 32. O + O OH OH O O OH OH OH OH OH O OH O OH OH OH OHO + O OH OH O O OH OH OH OH O O ? vitisin B-type Arapitsas et al (2012) PLoS ONE Correlations 2004-2010: 0.726 2008-2010: 0.835 Sum of vitisin B type Sumflavano-ethyl-anthocyanins
- 33. O + R OH OH OH O O OH OH OH OH R O + R OH OH O O OH OH OH OH O R O + R OH OH O O OH OH OH OH O O OH R O + R OH OH O O OH OH OH OH O OH O R O + O OH OH O O OH OH OH OH OH O OH O OH OH OH OH O + O OH OH O O OH OH OH OH O OH OH O OH OH OH OH time time time time time time Arapitsas et al. J Agric Food Chem 2012 Wine pigments during aging
- 36. O + O OH OH O OH O OH O OH OH OH OH R O + OH OH OH O R O O O + O OH OH O O OH OH O R cellar domestic cellar domestic Wine pigments during storage
- 37. cellardomestic time zero cellar domestic cellar domestic cellar domestic Wine pigments during storage
- 38. cellardomestic time zero cellar domestic Wine pigments during storage
- 39. Wine pigments during storage
- 40. O + O OH OH O OH O OH O OH OH OH OH R O + OH OH OH O R O O O + O OH OH O O OH OH O R cellar domestic Domestic storage loss of red color Pinotins possible markers of bad storage O + O OH OH O OH O R OH O OH OH OH OH CH3 O + O OH OH O O R O CH3 Wine pigments during storage
- 41. Consorzio Brunello di Montalcino Tomas Roman Mario Malacarne Giorgio Nicolini Daniele Perenzoni Andrea Angeli Giuseppe Speri Winery Fondazione E. Mach CREA-NUT Joana Oliveira Melita Sternad Lemut Fulvio Mattivi