This document discusses the role of central governments in tourism governance and development in post-Soviet countries, using Russia, Latvia, and Ukraine as examples. In Russia, governance responsibility for tourism shifted from the Ministry of Sports to the Ministry of Culture in 2012. Ukraine's tourism is governed by the Ministry of Infrastructure and implemented by the State Agency of Ukraine for Tourism and Resorts, contributing 8.4% to GDP. Latvia's tourism is governed by the Ministry of Economics and implemented by the Latvian Tourism Development Agency. All three countries face weaknesses like lack of funding and corruption, but also have opportunities to increase tourism through policies promoting regional governance, investments, and eased border restrictions and visa regulations between countries.

1. The role of the central government
in post-soviet countries
(on the example of Russia, Latvia, Ukraine)
Yana Shelkova
Valeryia Galiullina
Agnese Lubka
Oleksandra Soroka
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Mr. Lanquar BMT3 ETTourism Policy Planning and Development

2. Russia
 Responsibility for the governance of tourism shifted
in 2012, from the Ministry of Sports to the Ministry
of Culture.
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Mr. Lanquar BMT3 ETTourism Policy Planning and Development

3. SWOT Russia
Strengths Weaknesses
• Relatively simple visa regulations with
some countries
• Member of UNWTO
• Visas system stays neutral to external
politic changes
• Government is very centralized
• No Ministry of Tourism
• Small contribution of Tourism to GDP
• Uncontrolled migration from Central
Asia
• Currency difference
Opportunities Threats
• Facilitate visas regulations with EU
• Increase GDP and total revenue from
Tourism Industry
• High level of immigration/ emigration
• Corruption
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Mr. Lanquar BMT3 ETTourism Policy Planning and Development

4. Ukraine
 Governance:
- Regulations: Ministry of Infrastructure.
- Implementation of policies: State Agency of
Ukraine for Tourism and Resorts.
(majorly domestic tourism)
 8,4% to GDP (2014)*
*World Travel and Tourism Council
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Mr. Lanquar BMT3 ETTourism Policy Planning and Development

5. SWOT Ukraine
Strengths Weaknesses
• UNWTO membership
• EU integration
• Visa facilitations for selected list of
countries
• Economical and political instability
• Central governance ( no regional)
• Low state and parliament support
• Lack of planning and policy
• Bureaucracy and corruption
• Lack of investments
Opportunities Threats
• EU membership
• Investments in Tourism policy
• Regional governance
• New policies ( domestic tourism and
sustainable development)
• Political and financial crisis
• High level of inflation
• Environmental impact
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Mr. Lanquar BMT3 ETTourism Policy Planning and Development

6. Latvia
 Governance of tourism: Ministry of Economics
 State administrative institution: Latvian Tourism
Development Agency
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Mr. Lanquar BMT3 ETTourism Policy Planning and Development

7. SWOT for Latvia
Strengths Weaknesses
• Member of EU
• Schengen border-free zone
• WTO
• Structured governance
• Euro zone
• Visa regulations
Opportunities Threats
• Boarders with Russia
• UNWTO
• Lack of capital and investment
• Weak state and government support
• Possible crisis situations
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Mr. Lanquar BMT3 ETTourism Policy Planning and Development

8. Hypothesis
 Closed borders
 Between post-soviet countries
 Between EU and etc
 Complicated visa regulations
 Costly
 Take time
 Migration
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Mr. Lanquar BMT3 ETTourism Policy Planning and Development

9. Thankyou for your attention!
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Mr. Lanquar BMT3 ETTourism Policy Planning and Development