Presentation by Ola Faworaja

1. Presentation by Ola Faworaja

2. Mesopotamia is one of the cradles of human civilization. The earliest cities in the world appeared here about 3500 BC.
http://www.crystalinks.com/AkkadMap.jpg https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Karte_Mesopotamien.png
“Mesopotamia" is a Greek word meaning, "Land between the Rivers". The region is a vast, dry plain through which two great rivers, the
Euphrates and Tigris, flow

3.  5000-3500 BC: The first city-states gradually develop in southern Mesopotamia. This is the achievement
of the Sumerian people.
 3500: Writing begins to be developed. At first this is based on pictograms, and takes about a thousand
years to evolve into a full cuneiform script.
 c. 2300: King Sargon of Akkad starts conquering the first empire in world history. The empire reaches
its height in c. 2220.
 c. 2100: The city of Ur becomes the centre of a powerful Mesopotamian state. It soon falls into decline.
This marks the decline of the Sumerians as the Amorites, a nomadic people, start moving into
Mesopotamia.
 1792-49: King Hammurabi of Babylon conquers a large empire. Hammurabi is famous for the law code
which he issues. His empire begins to decline immediately after his death.
 c. 1530: Babylonia is conquered by the Kassites, who rule the area for 400+ years.
 c. 1500: The Mitanni, an Indo-European people, conquer northern Mesopotamia, plus areas of Syria and
Asia Minor. After 200 years the kingdom of Assyria conquers northern Mesopotamia from the Mitanni
 From 1100: Nomadic peoples such as the Aramaeans and the Chaldeans overrun much of
Mesopotamia. The kingdoms of Babylon and Assyria go into temporary decline.
Timeline of Ancient Mesopotamian civilization:

4. Over the centuries many people lived in this area creating a collection of independent states.
Sumer ( 3500- 2500 BC)
The sumerians settled in sumer the southern part of Mesopotamia.
They founded a group of city states and each ruled over its
surrounding lands.
The most important of this were ur, uruk and lagash.
Mesopotamian Society
http://socialstudiesrms6second.pbworks.com/f/sumer-map-1.jpg

5. It was around the period of the sumerians the first forms of writing is established.
They used clay tablets on which they made inscriptions with sharp
Objects. They developed the Cuneiform script.
Cuneifrom Script.
The cuneiform script was first:
Pictographic- Each symbol represented a word
to which it was similar.
Ideographic- The symbols ad their combination represented concepts
Phonetic- Each symbol corresponded to a sound
Invention of writing.
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http://www.ducksters.com/history/mesopotamia
/sumerian_writing.jpg

6. Over the centuries many people lived in this area creating a collection of independent states.
Akkadian Empire ( 2330 – 2130 BC)
In the 3rd millennium before Christ. A new group of people settled
into Mesopotamia among the sumerians. The akkadians settled in
central Mesopotamia.
In 2330 BC the Akkadian king Sargon I conquered sumer thus
Establishing the Akkadian empire. It was the first time this land
Was ruled by the same leader.
Mesopotamian Society
http://images.slideplayer.com/26/8459987/slides/slide_3.jpg

7. Over the centuries many people lived in this area creating a collection of independent states.
Babylonian Empire ( 1800– 1500 BC)
In 1800 BC king Hammurabi from the city of Babylon
located between Akkad and Sumer began to dominate
the territory. The Babylonian Empire were later to
conquer the Akkadian empire.
King Hammurabi was to later become famous for the
Implementation of his law code (Code of Hammurabi)
it was the first in history.
Mesopotamian Society

8. Over the centuries many people lived in this area creating a collection of independent states.
Assyrian Empire ( 1300 – 625 BC)
Around 1300BC the Assyrians who inhabited the northern part of
Mesopotamia created a great empire. Ruling over a large territory.
But by this point the Mesopotamian civilization was reaching its
End.
Mesopotamian Society
https://visualunit.files.wordpress.com/2010/05/assyria_empire.png

9. - They invented the arch and dome in architecture.
- They had several important buildings known as Ziggurats, which were temples in the shape
of a pyramid.
Besides creating the first cities there are several Mesopotamian
achievements such as:
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http://res.cloudinary.com/dk-find-
out/image/upload/q_80,w_960/Ziggurat_MA_00028386_n9k4is.j
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