2. Introduction
Do you know HAUSA?
The largest ethnic group in west Africa.
North area of Nigeria and South area of Niger.
Numbering : more than 20 million
Large part of Niger speaks French
4. Daily Greetings
1. A Sallam alekun: I wish for happiness
2. Wa alaykum as salaam: Hello
3. Kaifa alhal: How are you.
4. Alhamdu lellah: Pretty good.
5. Forsa saeeda: Nice too meet you.
6. Ahlan wa sahlan: Welcome.
7. Maa salama: Good bye.
8. Sai gobe: See you tomorrow
9. Na gode: Thank you
Let’s watch this video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQiJgljr_cM
5. Different gender grammer (greeting)
Example: See you tomorrow.
Female：Ashwfik bokra
Male：Ashwfak bokra
Example: my name is ((female|male).name)
Female: Esmee Salah.
Male: Esmee Dina.
Example: What’s your name?
Female: Ma esmouik.
Male: Ma esmouk
Female nouns is strong to end in /a/.
Male nouns is in one of the other vowels or in consonants.
6. Gender Grammar Rules
“Son”(noun) is masculine.
“Daughter”(noun) is feminine.
he is happy. -> ya kuwa yarda
She is happy -> ta kuma yarda
He is American -> ya amirka
She is American -> ta na Amurka
7. Hausa syntax
Quite strict word order
Like in most Chardic language
No overt noun phrase subject
Allowed to ommit Overt nount phrase subject
l
8. Word structure
Hausa word structure: < radical + affix>
・ affix composed a final vowel and tone pattern.
Noun phrase(NP)
Basic noun phrases
・ consist of head noun wit optional pre-nominal and/or postnominal.
Head Noun(RELATION X of Y)
・noun
・conjoined nouns
・compound noun
9. Syllable structure
Three types of syllable structure.
1. Light
a. CV
2. Heavy
a. CVV
b. CVC
Main point
・Don’t exist initial vowels and consonant clusters.
・CVC syllable are often ideophones or loan words
10. Consonants Pronunciation
The pronunciation of hausa Consonants is different in the east and west.
Example /f/ (bilabial pronunciation)
In the west : [hw] (フーァ)
In the East : [ɸ](ファ） (voiceless bilabial fricative)
. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W_sMQfOzOeU
[p] (voiceless bilabial plosive) (pfua)
. https://pronuncian.com/pronounce-p-sound/
But, Basic pronunciation is [ɸ].
11. Phonetics/Phonology of the language
Hausa is a tonal language, with five vowels a, e, i, o, u each with a low tone, a
high order tone and a falling tone.
An accent symbol is used to represent a tone.
à è ì ò ù (low tone)
á é í ó ú (high order tone)
â ê î ô û (falling tone)
Also, two types of 'r' be present of the retroflex and the tremor (tap / trill).
12. Phonetics/Phonology of the language
For example
bààbáá[ _ ¯ ] father
báábàà[ ¯ _ ] Paternal aunt
báábáá[ ¯ ¯ ] Indigo
sáy ká cí [ ¯ ¯ ¯ ] Then you ate it
sáy kà cí [ ¯ _ ¯ ] You must eat it
Judged only by the difference in tone
Function of grammar depends on
tone
