This document discusses several biological markers of aging, including theories of aging like the free radical theory. It outlines how hormones like testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, cortisol, DHEA, human growth hormone, and melatonin naturally decline with age and how this affects physiological functions. Graphs show patterns of these hormones over the lifespan. Abnormal levels of hormones like cortisol and melatonin are associated with various health conditions. Declines in hormones like growth hormone, which regulates aging processes, are also examined. The final section discusses calorie restriction and related compounds that can modulate biological markers of aging by activating pathways like AMPK and sirtuins.
2. Teorias(envelhecimento)
Muitas teorias foram propostas mas não
aceitas universalmente.
A teoria dos radicais livres proposta em
1954 mostrou que dietas ricas em
antioxidantes aumentavam a vida média
de animais de laboratório em 30 %.
Os RL abrangem reações ativadas pelo
meio ambiente, doenças e o processo
intrínseco do envelhecimento.
4. Physiological Functions
Bone mineral density
Normal thyroid function
Muscle mass and strength
Mood, memory and sense
of well being
Libido, sexual function
and fertility
Sleep and other normal
brain functions
Cholesterol and other
blood lipid levels
Physiological
Functions
Dependent
on:
Testosterone
Estradiol
Progesterone
DHEA-S
Cortisol
Melatonin
13. CORTISOL INVOLVED IN:
Balancing blood glucose Protein synthesis
Immune system response REM sleep
Bone turnover rate Mood and thought
Stress response
14. ABNORMAL CORTISOL LEVELS
ASSOCIATED WITH:
Chronic fatigue Fibromyalgia
Depression Impotence in men
Anorexia nervosa Panic disorders
PMS Infertility in both men and women
Menopause Sleep disorders
Demonstrated in many chronic illnesses (arthritis, Alzheimer’s, allergies, IBS)
16. Melatonin is Influenced by:
Light-Dark Cycle
Day Length
Artificial Illumination
Electromagnetic Energy
Exercise
Antidepressants
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
(NSAIDS)
ß-Blockers
17. Abnormal Levels of Melatonin
Often Play a Role in:
Insomnia
Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome
Seasonal Affective Disorder
Immunologic Disorders
Abnormal Sexual Development
Cancer
•Cardiovascular Disease
•Depression
•Infertility
•PMS
•Menstrual Irregularities
•Stress
18. hGH Decline with Age
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 years
hGH
19. Age Decline of hGH
Somatopause may be defined as the age decline of hGH.
•Aging symptoms as wrinkles, gray hair, decreased energy
and sexual function, cardiovascular disease, increased
body fat and osteoporosis are a consequence of hGH drop.
•Clinical evidence shows that the replacement of hGH can
reverse the above symptoms and turn back the biological
clock.
•A marked difference between GH and other
hormones is the body production of hGH
right into old age ,while other hormones
diminish.The restauration of youthful levels
of HG may be the release from an
sequestered state.
20. Restricao calórica e modulacion de
losmarcadores biologicos
metodologia
Resticao calórica
Ampk
Sirtunas
mtor
Mimetizadores de la
restriccion calórica
Metformina
Resveratrol
picnogenol