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Class 2.4 of PDC+++ What design structures do we have available to us and how do we use them? There are several design structures available to use.  They consist of a sequence of steps that help the designer keep to a systematic approach.  Beyond these there are design frameworks that help us place our designs in a wider context. The most comprehensive framework is our world-view, which greatly influences which designs we do, why & how.  In this class we will study the different kinds of structures we have at our disposal.
Class2.4  PDC+++ What design structures do we have and how do we use them? Design Structures Chaos and Order Design Frameworks Innovation
Class2.4  PDC+++ What design structures do we have and how do we use them? Design Structures Chaos and Order Design Frameworks Innovation
More about Systems Structures 1) they have these components Dana Meadows in class 2.1 Elements InterConnexions Purpose
Systems & SubSystems your circulatory system heart arteries veins capillaries etc. 2) & complex systems in turn  are made up of sub-systems More about Systems Structures 1) they have these components Dana Meadows in class 2.1 Elements InterConnexions Purpose
Don't worry  if some parts of the course still don't make sense, or you don't know where  to fit them ... if it's all a bit like this ... We can't learn systems in a linear way Relax &  TRUST  in your mind - which IS a system! ... it's normal :)
Hierarchy Holarchy 3) & sub-systems organize themselves into nested hierarchies (holarchies) 2) complex systems in turn  are made up of sub-systems More about Systems Structures Holons organ organism ecosystem
More about Systems Structures Elements Forest Ecosystem sun
 
A Language of Symbols to map Systems,  by H. Odum sun tree deer parts of a forest
sun tree deer consumer producer source symbols that represent parts of a forest energy source Producer Consumer Energy Flow Symbols A Language of Symbols to map Systems,  by H. Odum sun tree deer parts of a forest
a Systems Language of Symbols, by H.Odum Interaction : a process that combines different types of flow of energy & materials Store : a place where energy is stored. Eg. resources like forest biomass, soil, organic matter, water well, sand, nutrients, etc. Interaction Store Symbols for Interaction & Store
Interaction Store Source Producer Consumer Energy Flow a Systems Language of Symbols, by H.Odum Interaction : a process that combines different types of flow of energy & materials Store : a place where energy is stored. Eg. resources like forest biomass, soil, organic matter, water well, sand, nutrients, etc. Interaction Store Symbols for Interaction & Store
Interaction Store Source Producer Consumer Energy Flow a Systems Language of Symbols, by H.Odum Interaction : a process that combines different types of flow of energy & materials Store : a place where energy is stored. Eg. resources like forest biomass, soil, organic matter, water well, sand, nutrients, etc. Interaction Store Symbols for Interaction & Store 2) complex systems are made out of sub-systems Internal parts of a producer & consumer Consumer Producer feedback
1) have these components Summary ... of Systems Structures Elements interConnections Purpose
Summary ... of Systems Structures 2) complex systems made up of sub-systems 3) sub-systems organized in nested hierarchies (holarchies) Elements interConnections Purpose 1) have these components
Elements interConnections Purpose 1) have these components Summary ... of Systems Structures 2) complex systems made up of sub-systems 3) sub-systems organized in nested hierarchies (holarchies) 4) we have a symbols language to maps of systems  & the reason this  is so cool is ....
1) have these components Summary ... of Systems Structures 2) complex systems made up of sub-systems 3) sub-systems organized in nested hierarchies (holarchies) 4) we have a symbols language to maps of systems  Elements interConnections Purpose
Howard Odum &  Dana Meadows Father & Mother of Integral Permaculture always remember .... that we are NOT designing landscapes but  SYSTEMS   >> & systems that  self-regulate , & that we want to self-regulate in a  permacultural  DIRECTION  it is not necessary that you know how to manage those symbols but  yes  do ... Summary ... of designing with Systems
Class2.4  PDC+++ What design structures do we have and how do we use them? Design Structures Chaos and Order Design Frameworks Innovation
DestructoCulture DestructoCulture PermaCulture caord Howard Odum  - If a system receives more resources than it can use productively, the system falls into disorder & chaos Bill Mollinson  – forced functions (CONTROL) cause stress.  Disorder consumes energy to no useful end good design - elements working together in beneficial ways V PRODUCES A YIELD bad design - forced conditions of 'order', cleanliness, neatness .. in energy terms DISORDERED V CONSUMES PRODUCING MORE CONSUMPTION bad design .. in energy terms DISORDERED V CONSUMES WITHOUT PRODUCING  ANYTHING MUCH “ Patterns persist, confuse us & make us forget"
 
 
 
 
DestructoCulture DestructoCulture PermaCulture caord Bill Mollison – principle of Stress and Harmony:  Stress  = prevention of natural function or forced function. Harmony  = allowing of chosen & natural functions & the supply of essential needs Ej. Cow in a place where its natural functions supply benefits to other parts of the system V PRODUCES A YIELD Ej. Cow has to give milk, breed, forage for food, tilling, moving a mill, far from their natural environment .. etc. V THE COW IS CONSUMED, ends up producing more consumption Ej. Cow as a pet or consumer ’ V CONSUME WITHOUT PRODUCTION  Harmony = good design
Contemporary Agriculture in the West Transition & Conservation Design Permaculture
A.   Contemporary Agriculture – Year 1 Sustainability can be measured 1. Income of total produced 2. Real cost of Production 3. Use of Petrol 4. Energy produced on site 5. Loss of Soils 6. Water storage efficiency 7. Pollution produced 8. Biodiversity of production 9. Life in the soil  10. Woodland biomass / Wildlife 11. Loss through pests 12. Employment 13. Quality of food 14. Health of People & Environment 15. Quality of life Permaculture A Designers Manual Bill Mollison p. 4 & 5
B.   Transitional & Conservation Farming – Year 4 Sustainability can be measured 1. Income of total produced 2. Real cost of Production 3. Use of Petrol 4. Energy produced on site 5. Loss of Soils 6. Water storage efficiency 7. Pollution produced 8. Biodiversity of production 9. Life in the soil  10. Woodland biomass / Wildlife 11. Loss through pests 12. Employment 13. Quality of food 14. Health of People & Environment 15. Quality of life Permaculture A Designers Manual Bill Mollison p. 4 & 5
C.   PermaCulture – Year 8 Sustainability can be seen 1. Income of total produced 2. Real cost of Production 3. Use of Petrol 4. Energy produced on site 5. Loss of Soils 6. Water storage efficiency 7. Pollution produced 8. Biodiversity of production 9. Life in the soil  10. Woodland biomass / Wildlife 11. Loss through pests 12. Employment 13. Quality of food 14. Health of People & Environment 15. Quality of life Permaculture A Designers Manual Bill Mollison p. 4 & 5
Sustainability can be measured 1. Income of total produced 2. Real cost of Production 3. Use of Petrol 4. Energy produced on site 5. Loss of Soils 6. Water storage efficiency 7. Pollution produced 8. Biodiversity of production 9. Life in the soil  10. Woodland biomass / Wildlife 11. Loss through pests 12. Employment 13. Quality of food 14. Health of People & Environment 15. Quality of life Permaculture A Designers Manual Bill Mollison p. 4 & 5
Class2.4  PDC+++ What design structures do we have and how do we use them? Design Structures Chaos and Order Design Frameworks Innovation
Design Frameworks ,[object Object],[object Object],Design Frameworks are sequences: help the designer to take A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH
Need to take into account  ALL types of components COMPONENTS COMPONENTES Site Energy Social Abstract DESIGN is the beneficial assembly of  all these components
SADIM (from landscape arquitecture) (from landscape arquitecture) (from landscape arquitecture) (from landscape arquitecture) (from landscape arquitecture) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Design frameworks
OBREDIMET  (from industrial engineering) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Design Frameworks
REAP  (from Permaculture) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Design Frameworks
C E A P S A I D M E D I C ollect E valuate  A pply P lan O bserve B oundaries   R esources   E valuate   D esign   I mplement M aintain E valuate T weak S urvey A sses D esign I mplement  M aintain O B R M E T Observe Think/ Reflect Act Design
Class2.4  PDC+++ What design structures do we have and how do we use them? Design Structures Chaos and Order Design Frameworks Innovation
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+ knowledge of building principles + diversity Skills + facilitation = bigger success With the appropriate connections
Class 2.4 of PDC+++ What design structures do we have available to us and how do we use them? There are several design structures available to use.  They consist of a sequence of steps that help the designer keep to a systematic approach.  Beyond these there are design frameworks that help us place our designs in a wider context. The most comprehensive framework is our world-view, which greatly influences which designs we do, why & how.  In this class we will study the different kinds of structures we have at our disposal.

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PDC+++ Module 2 Class 4 Structures

  • 1. Class 2.4 of PDC+++ What design structures do we have available to us and how do we use them? There are several design structures available to use. They consist of a sequence of steps that help the designer keep to a systematic approach. Beyond these there are design frameworks that help us place our designs in a wider context. The most comprehensive framework is our world-view, which greatly influences which designs we do, why & how. In this class we will study the different kinds of structures we have at our disposal.
  • 2. Class2.4 PDC+++ What design structures do we have and how do we use them? Design Structures Chaos and Order Design Frameworks Innovation
  • 3. Class2.4 PDC+++ What design structures do we have and how do we use them? Design Structures Chaos and Order Design Frameworks Innovation
  • 4. More about Systems Structures 1) they have these components Dana Meadows in class 2.1 Elements InterConnexions Purpose
  • 5. Systems & SubSystems your circulatory system heart arteries veins capillaries etc. 2) & complex systems in turn are made up of sub-systems More about Systems Structures 1) they have these components Dana Meadows in class 2.1 Elements InterConnexions Purpose
  • 6. Don't worry if some parts of the course still don't make sense, or you don't know where to fit them ... if it's all a bit like this ... We can't learn systems in a linear way Relax & TRUST in your mind - which IS a system! ... it's normal :)
  • 7. Hierarchy Holarchy 3) & sub-systems organize themselves into nested hierarchies (holarchies) 2) complex systems in turn are made up of sub-systems More about Systems Structures Holons organ organism ecosystem
  • 8. More about Systems Structures Elements Forest Ecosystem sun
  • 9.  
  • 10. A Language of Symbols to map Systems, by H. Odum sun tree deer parts of a forest
  • 11. sun tree deer consumer producer source symbols that represent parts of a forest energy source Producer Consumer Energy Flow Symbols A Language of Symbols to map Systems, by H. Odum sun tree deer parts of a forest
  • 12. a Systems Language of Symbols, by H.Odum Interaction : a process that combines different types of flow of energy & materials Store : a place where energy is stored. Eg. resources like forest biomass, soil, organic matter, water well, sand, nutrients, etc. Interaction Store Symbols for Interaction & Store
  • 13. Interaction Store Source Producer Consumer Energy Flow a Systems Language of Symbols, by H.Odum Interaction : a process that combines different types of flow of energy & materials Store : a place where energy is stored. Eg. resources like forest biomass, soil, organic matter, water well, sand, nutrients, etc. Interaction Store Symbols for Interaction & Store
  • 14. Interaction Store Source Producer Consumer Energy Flow a Systems Language of Symbols, by H.Odum Interaction : a process that combines different types of flow of energy & materials Store : a place where energy is stored. Eg. resources like forest biomass, soil, organic matter, water well, sand, nutrients, etc. Interaction Store Symbols for Interaction & Store 2) complex systems are made out of sub-systems Internal parts of a producer & consumer Consumer Producer feedback
  • 15. 1) have these components Summary ... of Systems Structures Elements interConnections Purpose
  • 16. Summary ... of Systems Structures 2) complex systems made up of sub-systems 3) sub-systems organized in nested hierarchies (holarchies) Elements interConnections Purpose 1) have these components
  • 17. Elements interConnections Purpose 1) have these components Summary ... of Systems Structures 2) complex systems made up of sub-systems 3) sub-systems organized in nested hierarchies (holarchies) 4) we have a symbols language to maps of systems & the reason this is so cool is ....
  • 18. 1) have these components Summary ... of Systems Structures 2) complex systems made up of sub-systems 3) sub-systems organized in nested hierarchies (holarchies) 4) we have a symbols language to maps of systems Elements interConnections Purpose
  • 19. Howard Odum & Dana Meadows Father & Mother of Integral Permaculture always remember .... that we are NOT designing landscapes but SYSTEMS >> & systems that self-regulate , & that we want to self-regulate in a permacultural DIRECTION it is not necessary that you know how to manage those symbols but yes do ... Summary ... of designing with Systems
  • 20. Class2.4 PDC+++ What design structures do we have and how do we use them? Design Structures Chaos and Order Design Frameworks Innovation
  • 21. DestructoCulture DestructoCulture PermaCulture caord Howard Odum - If a system receives more resources than it can use productively, the system falls into disorder & chaos Bill Mollinson – forced functions (CONTROL) cause stress. Disorder consumes energy to no useful end good design - elements working together in beneficial ways V PRODUCES A YIELD bad design - forced conditions of 'order', cleanliness, neatness .. in energy terms DISORDERED V CONSUMES PRODUCING MORE CONSUMPTION bad design .. in energy terms DISORDERED V CONSUMES WITHOUT PRODUCING ANYTHING MUCH “ Patterns persist, confuse us & make us forget"
  • 22.  
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  • 26. DestructoCulture DestructoCulture PermaCulture caord Bill Mollison – principle of Stress and Harmony: Stress = prevention of natural function or forced function. Harmony = allowing of chosen & natural functions & the supply of essential needs Ej. Cow in a place where its natural functions supply benefits to other parts of the system V PRODUCES A YIELD Ej. Cow has to give milk, breed, forage for food, tilling, moving a mill, far from their natural environment .. etc. V THE COW IS CONSUMED, ends up producing more consumption Ej. Cow as a pet or consumer ’ V CONSUME WITHOUT PRODUCTION Harmony = good design
  • 27. Contemporary Agriculture in the West Transition & Conservation Design Permaculture
  • 28. A. Contemporary Agriculture – Year 1 Sustainability can be measured 1. Income of total produced 2. Real cost of Production 3. Use of Petrol 4. Energy produced on site 5. Loss of Soils 6. Water storage efficiency 7. Pollution produced 8. Biodiversity of production 9. Life in the soil 10. Woodland biomass / Wildlife 11. Loss through pests 12. Employment 13. Quality of food 14. Health of People & Environment 15. Quality of life Permaculture A Designers Manual Bill Mollison p. 4 & 5
  • 29. B. Transitional & Conservation Farming – Year 4 Sustainability can be measured 1. Income of total produced 2. Real cost of Production 3. Use of Petrol 4. Energy produced on site 5. Loss of Soils 6. Water storage efficiency 7. Pollution produced 8. Biodiversity of production 9. Life in the soil 10. Woodland biomass / Wildlife 11. Loss through pests 12. Employment 13. Quality of food 14. Health of People & Environment 15. Quality of life Permaculture A Designers Manual Bill Mollison p. 4 & 5
  • 30. C. PermaCulture – Year 8 Sustainability can be seen 1. Income of total produced 2. Real cost of Production 3. Use of Petrol 4. Energy produced on site 5. Loss of Soils 6. Water storage efficiency 7. Pollution produced 8. Biodiversity of production 9. Life in the soil 10. Woodland biomass / Wildlife 11. Loss through pests 12. Employment 13. Quality of food 14. Health of People & Environment 15. Quality of life Permaculture A Designers Manual Bill Mollison p. 4 & 5
  • 31. Sustainability can be measured 1. Income of total produced 2. Real cost of Production 3. Use of Petrol 4. Energy produced on site 5. Loss of Soils 6. Water storage efficiency 7. Pollution produced 8. Biodiversity of production 9. Life in the soil 10. Woodland biomass / Wildlife 11. Loss through pests 12. Employment 13. Quality of food 14. Health of People & Environment 15. Quality of life Permaculture A Designers Manual Bill Mollison p. 4 & 5
  • 32. Class2.4 PDC+++ What design structures do we have and how do we use them? Design Structures Chaos and Order Design Frameworks Innovation
  • 33.
  • 34. Need to take into account ALL types of components COMPONENTS COMPONENTES Site Energy Social Abstract DESIGN is the beneficial assembly of all these components
  • 35.
  • 36.
  • 37.
  • 38. C E A P S A I D M E D I C ollect E valuate A pply P lan O bserve B oundaries R esources E valuate D esign I mplement M aintain E valuate T weak S urvey A sses D esign I mplement M aintain O B R M E T Observe Think/ Reflect Act Design
  • 39. Class2.4 PDC+++ What design structures do we have and how do we use them? Design Structures Chaos and Order Design Frameworks Innovation
  • 41.  
  • 42.  
  • 43.  
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  • 45.  
  • 46.  
  • 47.  
  • 48. ¿Who did worst? Business Students
  • 50.  
  • 51. Iterative Design Action - Learning Prototype Re-design Observe Think/ Reflect Act Design
  • 52.  
  • 53.  
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  • 58. + knowledge of building principles + diversity Skills + facilitation = bigger success With the appropriate connections
  • 59. Class 2.4 of PDC+++ What design structures do we have available to us and how do we use them? There are several design structures available to use. They consist of a sequence of steps that help the designer keep to a systematic approach. Beyond these there are design frameworks that help us place our designs in a wider context. The most comprehensive framework is our world-view, which greatly influences which designs we do, why & how. In this class we will study the different kinds of structures we have at our disposal.

Editor's Notes

  1. 4. ¿Qué son las estructuras de diseño y para que se utilizan?       Existen varios procedimientos generales que estructuran el diseño.  Marcan una secuencia de pasos que ayudan al diseñador a tener un enfoque sistemático.     Más allá de estos también existen marcos de diseño que nos ayudan a poner nuestros diseños en un contexto más amplio.     El más amplio es nuestra visión del mundo, que influye mucho en que diseños hacemos, porqué y como.  Obviamente es más efectivo tener ese gran marco en mente de forma consciente que "dejarnos llevar" por nuestra inconsciencia.     Pero también es útil ser conscientes de los marcos sistémicos que existen, si no queremos diseñar de forma linear.     En esta clase estudiaremos las diferentes estructuras que tenemos a nuestra disposición. 
  2. ¿Que son las estructuras de diseño y para que se utilizan? Estructuras de SistemasCaos y OrdenMarcos de DiseñoInovación
  3. ¿Que son las estructuras de diseño y para que se utilizan? Estructuras de SistemasCaos y OrdenMarcos de DiseñoInovación
  4. propósito o función ... ej. sistema digestivo, (respiratorio, sanguíneo ... cuerpo> vivir, reproducirse, comer..) Ej. De Bono sobre PAGAR a empleados que inventan formas de hacer obsoletos sus trabajos ... más cosecha
  5. propósito o función ... ej. sistema digestivo, (respiratorio, sanguíneo ... cuerpo> vivir, reproducirse, comer..) Ej. De Bono sobre PAGAR a empleados que inventan formas de hacer obsoletos sus trabajos ... más cosecha
  6. A holarchy , in the terminology of Arthur Koestler , is a hierarchy of ho lons – wh ere a holon i s both a part and a whole. The term was coined in Koestler's 1967 book The Ghost in the Machine . The term, spelled holoarchy , is also used extensively by American philosopher and writer Ken Wilber . [1] Ej. De Bono sobre PAGAR a empleados que inventan formas de hacer obsoletos sus trabajos ... más cosecha
  7. http://www.unicamp.br/fea/ortega/eco/esp/esp-01.htm La Figura 1.3 muestra un sistema forestal en estos símbolos. Estas unidades y caminos son las iguales que en la Figura 1.1, pero substituidas por símbolos: el sol es representado por el símbolo de fuente de energía , las plantas verdes son representadas por el símbolo de productores y los animales por el símbolo de los consumidores . Las flechas representan el flujo de energía de una unidad a otra. Muchos caminos cargan materiales y energía. Un modelo es el diagrama que muestra importantes relaciones en un vía simple.
  8. http://www.unicamp.br/fea/ortega/eco/esp/esp-01.htm La Figura 1.3 muestra un sistema forestal en estos símbolos. Estas unidades y caminos son las iguales que en la Figura 1.1, pero substituidas por símbolos: el sol es representado por el símbolo de fuente de energía , las plantas verdes son representadas por el símbolo de productores y los animales por el símbolo de los consumidores . Las flechas representan el flujo de energía de una unidad a otra. Muchos caminos cargan materiales y energía. Un modelo es el diagrama que muestra importantes relaciones en un vía simple.
  9. http://www.unicamp.br/fea/ortega/eco/esp/esp-01.htm La Figura 1.4 presenta otros dos símbolos. Un proceso de interacción (por ejemplo, la interacción de energía y materiales en la fotosíntesis) es representado en los diagramas de sistemas energéticos por un símbolo de interacción . Una cantidad (por ejemplo, un depósito de nutrientes) representada por símbolo de depósito en la Figura 1.4. Este símbolo tiene la forma de algunos tipos de tanques de agua. Las partes y caminos internos hacia un productor o consumidor son diagramados en la Figura 1.5. El proceso de fotosíntesis muestra internamente al productor como una interacción que combina los nutrientes y la energía. La producción también necesita una cierta cantidad de plantas (depósito de biomasa de planta) para hacer el trabajo de fotosíntesis. Un consumidor también tiene un proceso de interacción y depósito. En el ejemplo del venado, el proceso de interacción es el de comer las plantas. El depósito es la biomasa del tejido del venado. Las partes y caminos internos de un consumidor son similares a los de un productor.
  10. http://www.unicamp.br/fea/ortega/eco/esp/esp-01.htm La Figura 1.4 presenta otros dos símbolos. Un proceso de interacción (por ejemplo, la interacción de energía y materiales en la fotosíntesis) es representado en los diagramas de sistemas energéticos por un símbolo de interacción . Una cantidad (por ejemplo, un depósito de nutrientes) representada por símbolo de depósito en la Figura 1.4. Este símbolo tiene la forma de algunos tipos de tanques de agua. Las partes y caminos internos hacia un productor o consumidor son diagramados en la Figura 1.5. El proceso de fotosíntesis muestra internamente al productor como una interacción que combina los nutrientes y la energía. La producción también necesita una cierta cantidad de plantas (depósito de biomasa de planta) para hacer el trabajo de fotosíntesis. Un consumidor también tiene un proceso de interacción y depósito. En el ejemplo del venado, el proceso de interacción es el de comer las plantas. El depósito es la biomasa del tejido del venado. Las partes y caminos internos de un consumidor son similares a los de un productor.
  11. http://www.unicamp.br/fea/ortega/eco/esp/esp-01.htm La Figura 1.4 presenta otros dos símbolos. Un proceso de interacción (por ejemplo, la interacción de energía y materiales en la fotosíntesis) es representado en los diagramas de sistemas energéticos por un símbolo de interacción . Una cantidad (por ejemplo, un depósito de nutrientes) representada por símbolo de depósito en la Figura 1.4. Este símbolo tiene la forma de algunos tipos de tanques de agua. Las partes y caminos internos hacia un productor o consumidor son diagramados en la Figura 1.5. El proceso de fotosíntesis muestra internamente al productor como una interacción que combina los nutrientes y la energía. La producción también necesita una cierta cantidad de plantas (depósito de biomasa de planta) para hacer el trabajo de fotosíntesis. Un consumidor también tiene un proceso de interacción y depósito. En el ejemplo del venado, el proceso de interacción es el de comer las plantas. El depósito es la biomasa del tejido del venado. Las partes y caminos internos de un consumidor son similares a los de un productor.
  12. para ser un buen diseñador... solo tener la consciencia que existen ... Ej. De Bono sobre PAGAR a empleados que inventan formas de hacer obsoletos sus trabajos ... más cosecha
  13. ¿Que son las estructuras de diseño y para que se utilizan? Estructuras de SistemasCaos y OrdenMarcos de DiseñoInovación
  14. ¿Que son las estructuras de diseño y para que se utilizan? Estructuras de SistemasCaos y OrdenMarcos de DiseñoInovación
  15. Design Sequences are acronymic-lists of stages in a design challenge that focus the designer on taking a systematic approach to the design. The two most often used in permaculture design have distinctly different origins -
  16. BREDIM comes from industrial engineering, and SADI comes from landscape architecture. The individual words of BREDIM can be seen to right. SADI stands for Survey , Analysis , Design and Implementation . Both sequences are similar in that a site survey (SADI) would establish Boundaries and onsite Resources (BREDIM); Analysis (SADI) is similar to Evaluation (BREDIM); Implementation is common to both; and many people add in maintenance to make the sequence from landscape architecture more complete (i.e. SADI(M)). We shall look in more detail at the first three stages in BREDIM because it is explicit about two important features of a site survey. Neither sequence explicitly encourages the involvement of the client in the design process, or involves a stage where the design brief is developed with the client. The engineering and landscape architect professions undoubtedly have their own methods for this, and we have seen some methods that permaculture designer’s use such as PASE, questionnaires, checklists, PMI, and the presentation of the conceptual design for feedback. We will see more of these methods (i.e. overleaf) but before we do, we will explore the usefulness of the design sequence
  17. ¿Que son las estructuras de diseño y para que se utilizan? Estructuras de SistemasCaos y OrdenMarcos de DiseñoInovación
  18. 4. ¿Qué son las estructuras de diseño y para que se utilizan?       Existen varios procedimientos generales que estructuran el diseño.  Marcan una secuencia de pasos que ayudan al diseñador a tener un enfoque sistemático.     Más allá de estos también existen marcos de diseño que nos ayudan a poner nuestros diseños en un contexto más amplio.     El más amplio es nuestra visión del mundo, que influye mucho en que diseños hacemos, porqué y como.  Obviamente es más efectivo tener ese gran marco en mente de forma consciente que "dejarnos llevar" por nuestra inconsciencia.     Pero también es útil ser conscientes de los marcos sistémicos que existen, si no queremos diseñar de forma linear.     En esta clase estudiaremos las diferentes estructuras que tenemos a nuestra disposición.