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JMP105  “How Stuff Works” -    Domino Style! Jess Stratton | Independent Consultant | Solace Susan Bulloch | Support SWAT Engineer | IBM
Who are Jess and Susan? ,[object Object]
Technote/whitepaper/wiki article author
Certifications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Blogger, tweeter (@NerdGirlJess)
Written technical articles and been a contributing author for textbooks
Currently an independent consultant!
What are we learning, here, today? ,[object Object]
This presentation is modeled after the brilliant example of HowStuffWorks.com From HowStuffWorks.com: "Our premise is simple: Demystify the world and do it in a simple, clear-cut way that anyone can understand."
How “HowStuffWorks.com” works...
Agenda How Notes Named Networks work How Replication works How Cross-Certifying works How Connection Documents work How Clustering works How View Indexes work How Mail Routing works How Busytime works How Transaction Logging works How Domino Domains work How Agent Manager works How Program Documents work How SMTP works How AdminP works How Smart Upgrade works How Access Control Lists work How ID Files work How Readers fields work How Recertifying works
How Notes Named Networks Work ,[object Object]
Routing and Notes Named Networks
Users and Notes Named Networks
Setting the Notes Named Network
Introduction to Notes Named Networks  ,[object Object]
For example, cluster servers are frequently connected via dedicated cable and running on their own NNN. ,[object Object],[object Object]
Introduction, cont. ,[object Object]
While other uses are possible, the primary usage for having Notes Named Networks is for mail routing scenarios.
Routing and Notes Named Networks ,[object Object]
They can use a “bridge” to find each other: ,[object Object]
Users and Notes Named Networks ,[object Object]
When users find a replica of a database, it will automatically “find” replicas of databases also based on servers in the same NNN as the user's home server.
Setting the Notes Named Network ,[object Object]
In the Server doc, go to the Ports-->Notes Network Ports tab.
Enter the port name. Domino will automatically set the protocol.
Enter the Notes Network name. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How Connection Documents Work ,[object Object]
Keeping it Simple
Tips and Gotchas
Intro to Connection Documents ,[object Object]
A connection document provides two types of information ,[object Object]
How that connection is made and what protocol to use ,[object Object],[object Object]
Replication and routing to a particular server ,[object Object],[object Object]
Unless the servers are in the same Notes Named Network (NNN) ,[object Object],[object Object]
Keeping it Simple ,[object Object]
Plan accordingly ,[object Object]
Design your mail routing topology so that servers are grouped into Notes Named Networks for routing without connection documents ,[object Object]
This will help you avoid nasty troubleshooting problems
Tips and Gotchas ,[object Object]
If the information in this view is stale, stuff won't work
Like mail routing! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How Mail Routing Works ,[object Object]
Basic Mail Routing
The Routing Table
Routing Mail Efficiently
Transfer Queues and mail.box
Intro to Mail Routing ,[object Object]
Uses them to process messages  ,[object Object],[object Object]
Other servers can deposit mail there ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Basic Mail Routing  ,[object Object]
After a restart command ,[object Object]
Router determines the maximum number of threads to allocate
Router checks MAIL.BOX.  ,[object Object]
Summary information about the message ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Routing Table ,[object Object]
Settings in the server notes.ini file ,[object Object]
The Router periodically checks certain views in the Domino Directory for edits and additions to the documents ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
View indexing is important!
The Routing Table (con't) ,[object Object]
Or restart the router task
Global Domain Document settings are changed only on server restart ,[object Object],[object Object]
Plus all servers that use Adjacent domain documents to connect to other domains
In a format that ensures fast lookups.  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Since Version 8.5.1
Routing Mail Efficiently ,[object Object]
Delivers the message to one or more mail files on the server ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Transfer Queues and mail.box ,[object Object]
The sending server tries to transfer as many pending messages to a destination as possible over an open connection for maximum efficiency ,[object Object]
Use “Tell router show” to see the transfer queues ,[object Object]
You can sometimes see your slow connections!
How Domino domains work ,[object Object]
What do servers in a domain share?
What are the types of Domino domains?
What is a Domino domain used for? ,[object Object]
Domino server groups
Clustering
Mail routing ,[object Object],[object Object]
What do Domino servers in a domain share? ,[object Object]
The Certification Log
These databases need replicas of each other on each server in the domain!
What are the types of Domino domains? ,[object Object]
These can be used for “next-hop” instructions, and also restriction/allow rules.
Calendar servers can be specified here for free-time lookups between domains ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How SMTP Works ,[object Object]
Configuring an Internet domain for SMTP
Configuring Domino for SMTP
What happens when a message is sent
What happens when a message is received
Introduction to SMTP ,[object Object]
In its simplest form, mail is sent from one server directly to another over port 25.
Configuring an Internet domain for SMTP ,[object Object]
An “MX” record, or mail exchange record, tells DNS what IP address is matched to your domain over port 25 for the SMTP protocol. ,[object Object]
So basically, whatever IP address you set your MX record to, MUST have an SMTP-enabled server that is “listening” on port 25. ,[object Object]
Configuring Domino for SMTP ,[object Object]
Domino must have a Mail.box, or multiple Mail.boxes.
To  SEND  mail: ,[object Object]
Enable SMTP to be used outside the local Internet domain (Config doc)
Specify a relay host when sending message outside the local domain (Config doc)
Set up mail relay restrictions to avoid spammers (Config doc)
Set up outbound email address format (Domain doc) ,[object Object],[object Object]
Populate your Domino Directory with usernames and Lotus Notes as their mail system. ,[object Object]
What happens when a message is sent ,[object Object]
The Router task looks up the least-cost route to a Domino server that has “SMTP allowed for all messages”.
If enabled, the Router task converts the message to MIME format.
DNS looks up the MX record for the <@domain>, which returns an IP address. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A conversation between two servers... ,[object Object]
This happens with EVERY outbound email through Domino!
What happens when a message is received ,[object Object]
The Router picks up the incoming message and deposits it into Domino's mail.box
The Router looks up the incoming address against the $Users view in the Domino Directory.
If it finds a match (and there are no restrictions against the address in the Configuration document) it looks up the user's home server in their Person document.
The routing tables finds the least-cost path to deposit the message in the mail.box of the user's home server.
Finally, the home server's Router task looks up their mail file in their Person document, and if the server has sufficient access in the ACL, deposits the message into the database.
How ACLs Work ,[object Object]
The access levels and user types
Roles and readers fields
Enforcing a consistent access control list
The maximum Internet name and password
Understanding -Default-
Introduction to the Access Control List ,[object Object]
Because every aspect of Domino Administration is database-driven, the ACL is the first step in troubleshooting any issue. ,[object Object]
The Domino Directory itself is a database, names.nsf
Replication success relies on the servers having the proper access
Busytime/calendaring and scheduling relies on being able to access user calendars
The access levels and user types ,[object Object]
A user can never be granted more rights in a database than what's been given to them in the ACL, no matter how the database is designed or what the Domino Directory says about them.
There are switches to fine-tune each access level, also called  privileges .
The seven access levels: ,[object Object]
You can read documents that you are listed in an “Author”'s field.
You  may  not be able to create documents, but you can edit any document in which you are listed in an “Author”'s field. ,[object Object]
The seven access levels (cont) ,[object Object]
Can delete documents if given fine-tuned permission. ,[object Object],[object Object]
Designers can also create shared agents. ,[object Object],[object Object]
Can add/edit the database access control list
The five user types ,[object Object]
These are so Domino knows what ID file type it should be expecting to go along with a name/Certifier combination.
Leaving a user or group as “Unspecified” in the ACL will make it possible for a user to create a local group titled as a person's name to gain higher access.
The five user types (cont) ,[object Object]
If you have a local group that is the same name as a person, you won't be able to access the database by that group name. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
This allows you to cover your bases, and not leave an entry as “Unspecified”.
Roles and Readers fields ,[object Object]
Roles can be added to a database for form/document development. ,[object Object]
Readers fields can be populated by Role membership. ,[object Object],[object Object]
In fact, this is crucial for Readers fields!
Enforcing a consistent access control list ,[object Object]
This prevents local ACL changes from propagating back up to servers and being replicated around an organization. ,[object Object]
The maximum Internet name and password ,[object Object]
Even background agents online use server access to run.
Why open a can of worms?
Understanding -Default- ,[object Object]
Setting it to “Reader” will allow anyone who access it to read the contents, rather than putting in an entire organization's group membership in the ACL.
This will vary depending on the database! ,[object Object],[object Object]

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JMP105 - "How Stuff Works" - Domino Style!

Editor's Notes

  1. To deliver a message, the thread performs a DatabaseOpen call to the mail file, uses a NoteUpdate to deliver all messages pending delivery to that mail file, and closes the session The main thread creates a queue in matrix form for each mail file. One axis of the matrix shows messages for delivery, and the other axis shows the local mail files on the server A delivery thread handles delivery to each mail file. After the delivery thread delivers a message to a recipient’s mail file, it marks that recipient Complete and deletes the message from the delivery queue. The Router updates the main message queue with this state information and removes that recipient and that message as work items.