this slides are used for the definition of capacitor and inductor and also it types this slides describe circuit of capacitor and inductors like capacitor in series and parallel and vice versa

1. Prepared by:
Muhammad Ahsan Jamil

2. review
• Capacitor
• Structure of capacitor
• Unit of capacitor
• Inductors
• Inductors in series and parallel
• Use of inductors
• Use of capacitor

3. Capacitor
Capacitors are devices which store electrical charge. They are a
basic component of electronics and have a host of various
applications. The most common use for capacitors is energy
storage

4. Structure of capacitor
A capacitor consists of two conducting plates separated by a
small gap or thin insulator which is called dielectric such as mica,
ceramic or oil etc.

5. Unit of capacitor
The unit of capacitor is farad represent by F
Farad is define as “one farad is equal to the charge of one coulomb stored
on each conducting plate as result of one potential difference of one volt
between two plates”.
So in mathematically
F=C/V

6. Capacitor in series
When capacitor are in series the magnitude of charge is same while
potential difference is different
Q=Q1=Q2=Q3

7. Capacitor in parallel
The potential difference across the each capacitor is the
same as the voltage apply in parallel combination.
The magnitude of electric current is differ in parallel
combination.

8. Example of capacitance

9. Types of capacitor
• They bare the four type of capacitor
Polarized capacitor
Non-Polarized
capacitor
Timer capacitor
Variable capacitor

10. Non-Polarized capacitor
• Type of capacitor that can be connected in any way of
circuit.
• There is no positive or negative terminal.
• Common types of non-polarized capacitor is ceramic,
mica.

11. Polarized capacitor
• A capacitor store electrical charge. This type must be connected
in the correct way round.

12. Variable capacitor
• A capacitor whose capacitance can be varied.
• They are usually made by one or more moving plates and one
or more non-moving plates separated by dielectric.

13. Trimmer capacitor
• This type of variable capacitor is operated with a small
screwdriver or similar tools.
• It is designed to be set when the circuit is made and then left
without further adjustment.

14. Working

15. Some properties of capacitor

16. application

22. Inductors

23. Inventor of inductor
• Who is the inventor of inductor?
• “History of inductor, US scientist Joseph Henry (1797-1878)
invented his “electro-magnet” consisting of many turns of
wire coiled around various iron shapes.”

24. Inductor
“An inductor, also called a coil , choke or reactor , is a passive
two-terminal electrical component that stores electrical
energy in a magnetic field when electric current flows
through it”.

25. MEGNETISM
Any material possessing the property of magnetism is a magnet.
Every magnet has both a pole , one is north and other is
negative.
Same charges repel each other.
Unlike charges attract each other.

26. Structure of inductor
• An inductor consists of a coil of conducting wire
• Inductance, L is the property where by an inductor exhibits
opposition to the change of current flowing through it,
measured in henry(H).

27. Inductor in series
The equivalent inductors, Leq of N series-connected inductors
is the sum of individual inductance.
Leq= L1+L2+L3+…..+Ln

28. Inductance:
 Resistance offered by an inductor in an circuit is called
inductance.
 The inductance is directly proportional to the number of turns
in the coil. inductance also depends on the radius of the coil
and on the type of material around which the coil is wound .
 The unit of inductance is (Henry).it is denoted by L

29. Types of Inductance
Self inductance
Mutual inductance

30. Types
•Mutual Inductance
• “The phenomenon in which emf is induced
in one coil when the current through other
coil is changed is known as mutual
induction .”

31. Types
• Self Inductance
•“The phenomenon in which emf is
induced in the coil itself through
which the current is change is called
self inductance.”

32. Unit & Working Principle Define Henry.
The inductor
• The unit of inductor is
Henry(H).
• It is denoted by L.
• Its principle is
Electromegnatic
induction.
• Def:- “The henry is the
standard International (SI)
unit of inductance . One
Henry is the equivalent of
one kilogram meter
square per second square
per ampere square.

33. Uses of inductor
• It is use to block AC while allow DC to Pass ; inductors
designed for this purpose are called chokes .
• They are also use in electronic filter to separate signals of
different frequencies.
• It is used to tune radio and TV receivers.
• It is used in fan.
• IT is use in electric motor.

34. Purpose of inductor
• “A passive two-terminal electrical component which resists
changes in electric current passing through it . It consist of
conductor such as a wire, usually wound into a coil. Energy is
stored in a magnetic field in the coil as long as current flows.”

35. Types of inductor
• Air core Inductor (Higher frequency operation due to no core
losses but a lower inductor).
• Iron core Inductor (Low resistance with high inductance).
• Ferrite Core Inductor (non-conductive ceramic material for
higher frequency operation).
• Iron powder Inductor.
• Bobbin based inductor.
• Multi-layer Ceramic Inductor.

36. Magnetic Field In Current Carrying
Conductor
• A magnetic field is associated with a moving charge.
• When current passes through a conductor , charges are
moving and so magnetic field is created around it.