Urbanisation

2. SUBMITTED TO:
Sir Zahid Mahmood
SUBMITTED BY:
Muhammad Afzal
ROLL NO 30
MSc Anthropology (Ist)
BAHAUDDI N ZAKAI RYA UNI VERSI TY
MULTAN

4. UrbanizationUrbanization
is defined as the process by
which an increasing proportion of the total
population lives in towns and cities.
One estimate suggests that in 1800 only 3%
of world’s population were urban dwellers
this increased to 48% in 1998 and is
estimated to rise to 60% by 2025.

5. Region Percentage Urbanisation (%) Urban Growth Rate (%)
1950 2000 2000 2030 1950 -2000 2000-2030
World 30 38 47 60 2.7 1.8
More Developed Countries 55 70 76 84 1.4 0.4
Less Developed Countries 18 27 40 86 3.7 2.3
North America 64 74 77 84 1.6 0.9
Europe 52 67 75 83 1.3 0.2
Oceania 62 72 70 74 2.0 1.2
Latin America & Caribbean 41 61 73 83 3.5 1.5
Africa 13 25 38 55 4.4 3.2
Asia 17 25 37 53 3.4 2.2

6.  The process of urbanisation is advanced –
76% of the population reside in cities and
is expected to increase to 84% by 2030
(i.e. North America, Europe and Oceania)
 The level of urbanisation is high, but
growth rate is low between 1950 and 2000
(1.4%) and is expected to decline to 0.4%
between 2000 and 2030.

7. Concentric Zone Model
It was developed by Ernest Burgess in 1924
Known as one of the earliest theoretical
model to explain urban social structure.
According to Burgess the city develops in
rings with the CBD in the centre.
This model was applied to Chicago.

8. Natural IncreaseNatural Increase
Towns like other areas of the country, grow in
population as the people who live in them have
Children.
MigrationMigration
Kingston is also gaining population by people
moving into the city from the rural areas.

9. Social AmenitiesSocial Amenities
Town provides chances of a better
education ( since the best schools can be
found there), improved healthcare facilities
and recreation in the form of cinemas, race
courses and playing fields.

10.  Urban unemployment
 Overcrowding:-
 Crime and violence
 Spread of diseases
 Poor sewage disposal system.
 Traffic congestion
 Pollution.

11. Decentralisation:
This encourages development away
from capital cities.
Land zoning laws:
In a number of large cities a green
belt policy has been adopted to protect farmed
areas at the edge of cities from development.

12. Provide recreational opportunities for the
urban population
Prevent loss of farmland
Protect wildlife