Unit 1 - First Sec - Close Up.pptx

Scaling the Heights
Unit 1 – First Secondary

Warming Up:
Look at the following four slides, which one of the four
adventurers deserves the Adventure of the Year
award?

Sano Babu Sunuwar and Lakpa Tsheri Sherpa – The Gliders

Danny Macaskill – The street trials rider

Travis Rice – The Snowboarder

-The athlete
S………………………… when he
won gold in all his races.
Be very successful
Scaled the heights
scale the heights

Her main o …………….. when
she moved to Munich was
not knowing any German.
Sth in your way that hinders your progress
obstacle
Obstacle

-When the storm began,
we b………………….. in the
cave entrance.
Camp in a temporary shelter which is like a small tent
bivouacked
bivouack

He lived on a b…………b…………….
budget while he was a student.
having only the simplest and most important parts
a bare-bones
-Does it mean much or many?
-When you have the bare-bones of something, do you have the
most or the least of it?
bare-bones

-Two people can ride this
t…………………. vehicle.
built for two people
tandem
tandem

The banker earns a
s……………………… two million
dollars per year.
unbelievable; amazing
staggering
staggerin
g

-Major football teams rely
on t………n………… sponsors
to finance them.
excellent; of the highest quality
top-notch
-Does it mean the best of something or the worst?
-Is i-Phone 14 pro max a top-notch, a mid-range or an economy
mobile phone?
top-
notch

-The film received
worldwide a………………..
and won many awards
public praise
acclaim
acclaim

-The r……………………. was
disappointed not to win.
sb who finishes second in a race or
competition
runner-up
runner-
up

-The c……………s…………………
for El- Ahly team is Vodafone
a business that pays for a show, sports event, etc.
corporate sponsor
corporate
sponsor

- The explorers went on a
q………………… for the
mythical city of El Dorado
search
quest
Quest

They climbed up to the
s………………………. of the
mountain
highest point of a mountain / A meeting between two or more
important officials.
Summit
Summit
The s ………………………. between the Chinese
and the Russian leaders witnessed the signing
of numerous economic agreements
Summit

The h…………………. of the
year was our school trip to
the Natural History
Museum
best moment
highlight
highligh
t

-The language b……………….
between Carlos and Sandra led
to many misunderstandings.
sth that prevents you from doing sth
barrier
Barrier

Barcelona won on their h………t……….. at
Catalonia, but they must play Liverpool
in England next week.
The place sb comes from or lives in / One’s familiar
surroundings or habitat
home turf
home turf

-The g………b……………………..
research could mean a cure for
cancer.
Important and new / innovative; pioneering.
ground-breaking
ground-
breaking

His m…………b……….. 100-
metre sprint was a new
world record.
Very impressive / outstanding
mind-blowing
mind-blowing

He did a s…………………..… where he
jumped over ten cars on a
motorbike.
A dangerous action done to entertain
stunt
stunt

There are large b……………….
across the ceiling that hold
up the roof.
a long piece of wood or metal used in building
beam
beam

- The light is s……………………. in the
centre of the room by a wire
- This is the widest s………………..….
bridge in the world
- The s………………….. system of the car
makes it stable
- The club has s………………………… all
the sports activities indefinitely
hang / fix something in it’s place /
stop something temporarily
suspended
suspend Suspension (n)
suspended
suspension
suspended

The night p………………………………
stopped a man who looked
drunk
A guard / an individual or a member of a group that patrols an area. type of:
security guard, watcher, watchman. a guard who keeps watch
patroller
patroller

Bolt is h…………………. as the
fastest man on Earth, having
won many gold medals.
Acknowledge, claim to be
hailed
hail

Doug fell over and t…………………
down the grassy hill.
Fall with a rolling movement
tumbled
tumble

There was a g……………….
hole in the road where the
workman had dug it up
Big and wide
gaping
gaping (adj)

The man broke his leg when he
fell into a c…………………… in the
glacier.
A deep crack in ice, especially in glaciers
crevasse
crevasse

Pick a vocabulary item to act for your group:
scale the heights Obstacle
bivouac bare-bones
tandem tandem
staggerin
g
crevasse
tumble hail patroller stunt
suspend mind-blowing Barrier Quest
runner-
up

Racial d………………………………… is a
terrible thing, as people are treated
differently according to their colour
or religion
treat a person or group differently from another
in an unfair way
discrimination
discriminate Discrimination (n)

What d………………………. me
from my twin is that I am
taller
notice or understand the difference between
two things; make one person or thing seem
different from another
distinguishes
Distinguish
(v)
distinction (n)

The b…………b……..…………of
the 1960s were a lucky
generation
sb born during a period when more babies are born than usual
baby boomer
baby boomer baby boom (n)

The e……………………… of the
computer over the 21st century
has been really rapid.
gradual development
evolution
evolution

The technological r …………………….
has completely changed the world
of communications.
a complete change in ways of doing things /
an uprising of a country’s people against the
ruling bodies.
revolution
revolutio
n
The 1952 r…………………….. resulted
in the liberation of Egypt from the
British colony
revolution

The rich e………………………
started a successful online
store
sb who starts a business
entrepreneur
entrepreneur

Steve Jobs was one of the
……f……………… … of Apple.
sb who establishes a business, organization, school, etc.
founders
founder

The Hollywood star a……………………. a
fortune over the years.
increase over a period of time
accrued
accrue

The i………………………….… employee
produced three reports in one week.
hard-working
industrious
industrious

He a……………………… his
career goals by the age of
45
succeed in doing sth
accomplished
accomplish
(v)

They r………………………. their
differences and now get on
marvelously
solve or end a problem or difficulty
resolved
resolve (v) Resolution (n)

-They want to employ a
t……………………………. to make the
company more efficient.
sb who is employed to come into an organization to deal with a
problem
troubleshooter
troubleshoote
r
troubleshooting (n)

-The b…............... student made
a speech at the demonstration
not afraid
bold
bold

-The g…………… boy did a
stunt on his skateboard
brave and determined
gutsy
gutsy (adj) gust (n)

-The m………………… film
received neither good nor
bad reviews
not very good
mediocre
-When something is mediocre, is it the best?
-Is it a medium range?
mediocre
(adj)

Rob is so v……………….. that he is
always telling us how clever he is
too proud of oneself
vain
vain (adj) Vanity (n)
conceited (adj) conceit (n)

The v……………….. woman
never cheated or told a lie
good and honest
virtuous
virtuous (adj) virtue (n)

The m…………………. school bully
took everyone’s lunch money
having or showing no mercy
merciless
merciless (adj) mercilessness (n)
mercy (n)

His p…………….……… cruelty
made her cry
cruel and having no pity
pitiless
pitiless (adj) pity (n) / pitilessness

The r…………………..
businessman sacked ten
employees to save money
without pity, feeling or guilt
ruthless
ruthless (adj) Ruthlessness (n)

The s…………………….. person decided to
volunteer to help sick children
The s……………………… widow decided not
to marry again and live for her children
caring about other people more than about yourself
selfless
selfless selflessness (n)
selfless

That c………………….. man
cheated me out of twenty
pounds.
clever and dishonest
crafty
crafty craftiness (n)

It was c…………………….. of you to
get me to do your homework.
clever at planning to get what you want, especially by tricking
other people
cunning
Cunning (adj) cunning (n)

Don’t trust her; she’s very
s………………. .
deceiving people in a clever
way to get what you want
sly
Sly (adj)

Katy is very t………………………., so
she’ll get cross if you ask her age
too sensitive; easily upset
touchy
touchy (adj) Resolution (n)

Being s…………………….., she
cries whenever she sees a
romantic film
easily affected by emotions such as love in a way that seems
silly to others
sentimental
sentimental
(adj)
sentiment (n)

The dance music created an
u………………………. mood at the
party.
hopeful and happy
upbeat
Upbeat (adj)
Resolution (n)

To be f……………….., you
deserved to get punished
because you cheated
right and just; not taking sides
fair
fair (adj)
Opp: unfair

The football commentator wasn’t
i………………………. and clearly
supported Panionios
not taking sides
impartial
Impartial (adj)
impartiality (n)

It is hard to be o…………………….
when judging your own family
based on facts; not influenced
by personal feelings
objective
objective
(adj)
objectivity (n) ✎ Opp: subjective

The t………………………. child was
too shy to say hello
shy and afraid
timid
timid
(adj)
timidity (n)

He was very c………………………. as he
drove slowly along the icy road
avoiding risk / careful
cautious
cautious (adj) caution (n)

The i…………………….. player
kicked the ball without aiming
and missed the goal
acting suddenly and without thinking
impetuous
impetuous (adj)

It was r………………….. to swim
where you know there are
sharks
careless or unwise; not thinking what the result of one's
actions may be
rash
rash (adj)
rashness (n)

The r…………………… driver
caused a serious accident.
doing sth dangerous and not
worrying about the risks and
the possible results
reckless
reckless (adj) recklessness (n)

His c…………………. manner
made everyone trust him
open, honest
candid
candid (adj)
candour (n)

She is a h…………………………
child who rarely listens to good
advice.
determined to do what you want without listening to others
headstrong
headstrong
(adj)

I can’t understand your
o………………………… refusal to go to
university.
determined to act in a particular way despite what anyone else
says
obstinate
obstinate
(adj)
obstinacy (n)

Jack is far too s………………..
to change his mind
determined not to change your opinion, ideas, plans, etc.
stubborn
stubborn (adj) stubbornness (n)

She’ll settle down quickly in
her new home as she’s
a…………………………
able to change in order to be successful in new situations
adaptable
adaptable (adj)
adaptability (n) /
adaptation

He felt a………………………………. about
spending a lot of money on a car.
worried or nervous about the future
apprehensive
apprehensive
(adj)
apprehension (n)

Only an i……………………….. person
wouldn’t know where the
Parthenon is
not knowing things that you should know
ignorant
ignorant (adj) Resolution (n)

The manager is i……………………….. in
his opinion of candidates without
university degrees; he refuses to
employ them
unwilling to change
inflexible
inflexible (adj) Inflexibility (n)

Impress, astonish or surprise somebody
blow sb away

manage to get past sth that is in your way
break through (phr v)
The demonstrators broke through
the police barriers

The builders came up
against a problem when
they found water
underground.
Face the problem
come up against

We didn’t think we would get
to the summit, but we pulled it
off!
succeed in doing sth
pull sth off

Not happen
fall through
The plans for the trip fell through
because nobody could come.

He got ahead in his career and
became department manager
Make progress
get ahead

-Don't leave. Hang on a
minute and I'll come with
you.
wait
hang on

We have to knuckle down and
study for our exams.
Start working or studying hard
knuckle down

If you want to be in the
team, just go for it and sign
up.
Decide to do something
go for it (expr)

I can’t come out this weekend
as I’ve got a lot on my plate.
have a lot to do
have (got) a lot on one’s plate

They had to work around the
clock to prepare the car for the
race.
work day and night
work around the clock (expr)

That was the funniest film
I’ve ever seen by a mile
A lot better / much more than the others
by a mile

The coach was under fire for
the sixth defeat of the season.
Face criticism
be under fire

-There was no violence between fans
and the game went without a hitch..
happen without any problems
go without a hitch

You should persevere and
finish the course you are on
even if you find it hard.
Keep trying
persevere (v)

Changing the battery did the trick
and now this gadget works again.
solve a problem; provide what is needed
do the trick (expr)

The team went all out and
won the league cup.
try one’s hardest
go all out (expr)

We did our best in the exams
and hopefully we have all
passed.
try as hard as you can
do one's best (expr)

When you get the green light
from the boss, you can apply
for a rise.
be told you are allowed to do sth
get the green light (expr)

That young actor is going
places and will be famous one
day.
likely to become famous or successful
go places (expr)

You should wise up and see
that he is cheating you.
Realize the truth about a situation
wise up (phr v)

The first question on the test
was so easy, it was a no-brainer.
sth very easy to do or understand
a no-brainer (n)

Let me dumb down these
instructions for the average
consumer.
make sth easier to understand
dumb down (phr v)

Streetwise kids manage to
avoid getting into danger in the
street
able to deal with life and dangers in big cities
streetwise (adj)

He had to box clever when
the police questioned him
otherwise they would have
found out the truth.
behave in a careful and cunning way
to get what you want
box clever (expr)

Who’s the bright spark who didn’t
lock the door before leaving the
building?
sb who says or does sth that they think is clever but is stupid
bright spark (expr)

* Stanley cooks Japanese food on Friday.
* I like Chinese food.
* I don’t like American food.
* Do you go to Stanley’s restaurant on
Wednesday?
* Yes, I do.
* No, I don’t.
* When does Stanley cook Chinese food?
* What’re you doing?
* I’m reading.
* We’re cooking.
* What’re they doing?
* They’re studying English.
* What’s Bob doing?
* He’s eating.
Present Simple Present Continuous

Tom……….at a bank. He…...the
manager. He……...work every day at
8:00 am. He……..work every day at
6:00 pm. He………….his car to the
bank as he………very close to it.
Adam..….helpful and……..acts rudely. His
brother and sister also……...at the bank. But,
they……………close to the bank. They drive
cars to work.
And you, What……you do?
…....you……….your job?
I……………...on the computer at the moment. I…………….
a story for our school magazine. My parents…………….TV. My
sister……….....….to her favorite songs. My siblings…..... always
………………..with each other. We………………..to Alex this holiday.
1C
s

The Simple Present Tense
Snow falls in winter.
Water boils at 100 degrees .
The next train arrives at 6.
Ronnie passes to Jim, he shoots, he
scores!
She lives in Cairo.
She goes to work everyday.
They always eat lunch together.

The Present Progressive
-Ahmed lives in Cairo, but he is living in Alex. This week.
-I’m visiting my aunt tomorrow.
-The Ozone layer is getting bigger and bigger .
-She is typing a paper for her class at this moment.
-He is always leaving his dirty socks on the floor.

Present
Progressive
Present simple
for temporary situations
for permanent situations
for actions happening at the
moment of speaking
for repeated/habitual actions
for repeated annoying actions
with “always”
for truths or law of nature
for future arrangements
for future timetables
for changing or developing
situations
for reviews/sports
commentaries/dramatic
narrative

How often.....?
Question Answer

I’m not
believing you.
But
I believe you.

I don’t know
where she is.
I’m not knowing
where he is.

I am
understanding
you.
I understand
You too.

hear
see
smell
Sound
Seem
Feel
taste
look
weigh
love
like
hate
enjoy
wish
regret
want
belong to
have
own
possess
contain
forget
doubt
understand
believe
seem
imagine
know
think
remember

Verbs expressing feelings emotions :

You are stupid.
You are being stupid.
I think that coffee is great
I’m thinking about my next holiday
I have a car
I’m having a shower now
The soup tastes great
I’m tasting the soup
I’m seeing Nada tomorrow
I see you
I see what you mean

SLIMED!
Lose all your points!
Marshmallow Man
You must change points with another team!
+1,2,3 points!
ECTO:1
Steal 2 points from another team!

+3 points
OR
Steal 2 points from another team!

She always gets up late. (never)
She never gets up early.

Salma ( is feeling – feels – felt – feeling) her pocket to find out what’s inside
is feeling

Mohamed is always on time.
Mohamed always comes on time.

My sister (sees – seeing – saw – is seeing ) the
doctor at the moment.
is seeing

My sister has arranged everything for her marriage next
week. (is)
My sister is getting married next week.

The flower ……….good.
( smells – is smelling – smelt - smelling)

She rarely eats broccoli. (ever)
She hardly ever eats broccoli.

I have arranged to travel to England this week. (am)
I am travelling to England this week.

Maria hasn’t called her parents ……….
(ever – never – yet – already)

Huda (always is – is always – is always being – always) optimistic.

He reads English newspapers from time to time. (sometimes)
He sometimes reads English newspapers.

She arranged to go for a picnic on Friday. (is)
She is going for a picnic on Friday.

It’s his habit to drink tea in the evening. (usually)
He usually drinks tea in the evening.

He doesn’t eat meat at all. (never)

The new film (starts – is starting – starting – start ) at 6:30.

He doesn’t do any sports. (hardly)
He hardly ever does any sports.

I believe Ahmed is innocent. (think)
I think Ahmed is innocent.

The English session (starting – is starting – start – starts ) at
8:15.
starts

Mr. Ahmed ( doesn’t – never – won’t didn’t ) comes to work late.

My little brother makes a loud smacking noise while
chewing food. It’s very annoying. (always)
My brother is always making a loud smacking noise while chewing
food.

There are some verbs that are
normally not used in the continuous
tenses

Dynamic
Verbs
Stative
run
draw
love
hate
own
prefer
watch
play

Stative verbs
They are Not normally used
in the continuous form
These are usually found in the
simple form because they do
not refer to actions
They describe states, not
actions
- I like music.
- Now, she understands the lesson.
- They think English is easy

hear
see
smell
Sound
Seem
Feel
taste
look
weigh

Some verbs can be both stative and dynamic:
Be
• e.g. You are stupid.
• e.g. You are being stupid.
= It's part of your personality
= Only now, not usually

Think
I ......................that coffee is great.
What .............. You............... about?
I......................about my next holiday.
Have
I........................a car.
•I.........................a shower
now.
think
are thinking
'm thinking
have
'm having

See
- I.................what you mean.
- I ..................her now, she's just
coming along the road.
•- I.....................Suzy tomorrow.
Taste
- This soup................ great.
-The chef ......................the soup.
see
see
'm seeing
tastes
is tasting

I see that
English is
easy.
I am seeing
my cousin
tomorrow.

I think he
is a liar.
I am
thinking
about your
problem.

She has a
car.
She is
having a
nice time.

The
flower
smells
nice.
She is
smelling
the flower.

The cake
tastes
nice.
I am
tasting the
cake.

I weigh 80
kilos.
I am
weighing
the fruits.

Choose:
*When I (retuned- had returned- return) home, I will give you a call.
*We will leave school as soon as the bell (rang- had rung- rings).

I feel the cat’s
fur. It’s really
soft.
(correct)
It’s his habit to
interrupt me
while speaking.
(always)
The next plane
is scheduled to
arrive at 10.
(arrives)
He never goes
shopping on
Sundays. (go)
Rewrite the
previous
sentence using
(ever)
She always is
late.
(correct)
Who (has-does-
do- is) the
tallest girl in
the class?
These flowers
(smell- are
smelling-
smells) well.
They open their
shop daily.
(opened)

Bob bought a new car last month .

I attended a course in 1998.
I watched a movie every weekend when I was a teenager.
I used to watch a movie.
(I don’t see movies anymore.)

My grandmother read
/ used to read me
bedtime stories when I
was little.

First he took a
shower
then he went
to bed .

TIME EXPRESSIONS USED
WITH THE PAST SIMPLE :
• YESTERDAY
• LAST NIGHT / WEEK / …..
• WHEN I WAS YOUNG
• TWO WEEKS / A MONTH AGO
• IN 1984 / …..
• ONCE UPON A TIME
• HOW LONG AGO
• JUST NOW

Re-write:
My uncle was in the habit of smoking heavily.
My uncle always smoked heavily.
My uncle used to smoke
heavily.
always
used
No longer
My uncle no longer smokes
heavily. was
It was my uncle’s habit to smoke
heavily. Smoking
Smoking heavily was my uncle’s

Re-write:
He has just gone out.
He went out just
now.
just now
ago
He went out a moment
ago.
How long have you been living here?
ago
How long ago did you start living here?

PAST
CONTINUOUS
At eight o’clock yesterday
evening, Tom was doing a
research .

He was
exercising when
he felt a sharp
pain in his lower
back. .
When while

While He was
exercising , he
felt a pain in his
back. .
When while

Sarah was watching TV while I was reading a
novel.

The teacher was explaining the
lesson and the pupils were writing
and answering when the
headmistress arrived.

TIME EXPRESSIONS USED
WITH THE PAST
CONTINUOUS
• WHILE / AS / JUST AS
• WHEN
• ALL DAY / NIGHT / MORNING
• ALL DAY YESTERDAY , …..
• YESTERDAY AT 8,00 / ….
• LAST FRIDAY AT NIGHT /IN THE MORNING

1.She ( watched – was watching – is watching – watches ) the
news when the phone rang .
2.They left the building an hour ( last – then – before – ago ) .
3.The police ( arrest – was arresting – were arresting – arrested )
the thieves last night .
4.The maid ( breaks – broke – was breaking – broken ) a valuable
vase while she ( dusts – was dusting – dusted – were dusting ).
5.He ( takes – tacked – took- was taking ) his medicine , ( gets – get
– got – was getting ) into bed and ( turns off – was turning off –
turned off – turn off ) the light.
6.While she (play – played – was playing – has played) she fell
down

Re-write:
I ran in the park, meanwhile, I fell down.
While I was running in the park, I fell down.
When I fell down, I was running in the park.
While
When
During
running
During running in the park, I fell down.
While running in the park, I fell down.

Re-write:
1- I ran in the park, at the same time, my brother
rode his bike.
While I was running in the park, my brother was riding his
bike.
While
2- My mother made lunch, at the same time, my
father read the newspaper.
As
As my mother was making lunch, my father was reading the
newspaper.
3- During lunch, we heard a noise.
Just as
Just as we were eating lunch, we heard a noise.

Usage:
I had graduated before I travelled
abroad.
She had cooked lunch by two 0'clock.

After
When
By the
time
Because
As soon
as
Before

Finished his dinner Went to bed
After he had finished his dinner,he went
to bed
Before she went to bed,she had
finished his dinner.

Past
perfect
Past
simple
After
As soon as
Because
After he had finished his dinner,
he slept.

Past
perfect
Past
simple
Before
By the time
When
Before he slept, he had finished his
dinner.

Didn’t + inf., until
till
Past
perfect
He didn’t sleep until he had finished
his dinner.

We waited for him until he had finished
his work.
wait

Re-write:
He had breakfast, then he left
for school.
After he had had breakfast, he left for school.
Before he left for school, he had had breakfast.
After
Befor
e
havin
g
Havin
g
After having breakfast, he left for school.
Having had breakfast, he left for school.
until/
till
He didn’t leave for school until he had had
breakfast.

It is the first
time I’ve ever
seen a robot.
It ……the fist
time
I …….ever
seen a robot.

NO SOONER _____ THAN
• NO SOONER HAD THE SMALL CHILD STOPPED
CRYING THAN HIS MOTHER CAME.
NO SOONER HAD I RECEIVED A LETTER FROM
HIM THAN HE CAME.
I HAD NO SOONER RECEIVED A LETTER FROM
HIM THAN HE CAME.
As soon as the small child had stopped crying, his mother came.

HARDLY/ SCARCELY_____ WHEN
HARDLY HAD I BOUGHT A PRESENT FOR HER
WHEN SHE GAVE ME A PRESENT.
I HAD HARDLY BOUGHT A PRESENT FOR HER
WHEN SHE GAVE ME A PRESENT.

Re-write:
He had breakfast, then he left
for school.
No sooner had he had breakfast than he left for
school.
No
sooner
no
sooner
Hardly had he had breakfast when he left
for school.
He had hardly had breakfast when he
left for school.
He had no sooner had breakfast than he left for
school. Hardly
hardly

• WHEN + SIMPLE PAST > PAST SIMPLE
WHEN I ARRIVED HOME, STELLA PACKED THE SUITCASES.
(STH HAPPENED AFTER ANOTHER ACTION IN THE PAST)
• WHEN + SIMPLE PAST > PAST PERFECT
WHEN I ARRIVED HOME, STELLA HAD PACKED THE
SUITCASES.
(STH HAPPENED BEFORE ANOTHER ACTION IN THE PAST)

•SHE HAD BEEN WAITING
FOR THE BUS FOR AN
HOUR BEFORE IT
ARRIVED.
•SHE HAS BEEN WAITING
FOR THE BUS FOR AN
HOUR .

The Past Perfect
The Titanic had received many warnings before it hit the iceberg.
I had already eaten when my friend stopped by to visit.
had received
had eaten
it hit
my friend stopped by

Past Perfect Progressive
She had been driving around the city for three
hours before she finally found a parking area.
had been
driving she found a parking area
duratio
n
Before what

Re-write:
She cleaned the house, that’s why
she was tired.
She was tired because she had been cleaning the
house all day.
all day
He lived in this house, then he moved
to a new one.
for 14 years
He had been living in this house for 14 years
before he moved to a new one.

PERFECT
AND
THE PRESENT
PERFECT
CONTINUOUS

• THEY HAVE JUST ENTERED THE ROOM.

I’ve gained weight
lately.
(Gain / weight / lately)

* I’VE LOST MY KEYS. I CAN’T
FIND THEM.
* IT HAS JUST RAINED. I
CAN SEE THE RAINBOW.

e.g.
I have worked all day and I’m tired.

•HE’S TYPED TEN REPORTS THIS
MORNING.

• THEY HAVE BEEN WORKING ON THE PROJECT
SINCE MONDAY.

•HE’S TIRED BECAUSE HE HAS BEEN JOGGING
FOR HOURS.

•HE’S BEEN WORKING HERE FOR TWENTY
YEARS.

e.g.
He has been playing that horrible music all day
long.

Time expressions used with:
(present perfect and present perfect
continuous)
Just, ever, never, already, yet (negations&
questions), always, all day, how long , so far, till
now, recently, lately,
since(= from a starting point in the past), for (=
over a period of time), today, this week/ month, etc..

Have gone to
Have been to
Have been in

• JANE HAS GONE TO PARIS.
•
• JANE HAS BEEN TO PARIS.
• JANE HAS BEEN IN PARIS FOR TWO YEARS.

Note how the following words are
used:
Ago: e.g. 1- Tom left an hour ago.
e.g. 2- How long ago did he leave?

Still:
e.g. 1- She can still ride a bicycle.
e.g. 2- He still can’t find a solution to his
problem.
used:
before the negative auxiliary verb

Already:
e.g. 1- He had already left when Ann came.
e.g. 2- Have you finished already?
used:

Yet:
e.g.
1- He hasn’t called us yet.
2- He hasn’t yet called us.
3- Has he called yet?
used:

1. Last week, he went to Aswan. He came back
yesterday.
He has been to Aswan.
2. Last week, he went to Aswan. He intends to
stay there for another week.
He has gone to Aswan.
(has)
(has)

I started reading the story at 6. It’s 9 and
I’m still reading it. (for)
I have been reading the story for three hours.

REWRITE :
1- KIM STARTED GUITAR LESSONS TWO MONTHS
AGO.
(HAS)
• KIM HAS BEEN TAKING GUITAR LESSONS FOR TWO
MONTHS.
2- SHE HASN’T COOKED DINNER YET. ( STILL )

3- HOW LONG AGO DID YOU GRADUATE FROM
UNIVERSITY ?
/WHEN DID YOU GRADUATE FROM UNIVERSITY?
(SINCE )
• HOW LONG IS IT SINCE YOU GRADUATED FROM
UNIVERSITY?
4- I’VE NEVER BEEN ON A SAFARI BEFORE. ( FIRST )

• 5- IT’S A LONG TIME SINCE I WENT TO THE
THEATRE. (BEEN)
• I HAVEN’T BEEN TO THE THEATRE FOR A LONG
TIME.
• 6- THE LAST TIME I ATE OUT WAS A WEEK AGO. (
HAVE )

7- SUSAN LAST WENT TO A PARTY TWO MONTHS
AGO.
(
BEEN)
•SUSAN HASN’T BEEN TO A PARTY FOR TWO
MONTHS.

Unit 1 - First Sec - Close Up.pptx

Unit 1 - First Sec - Close Up.pptx

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