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Water Supply PPT
1.
2. WATER SUPPLY
Society realized long ago that human health and the welfare of the
general population are improved if public water supplies are treated prior to
use.
Nearly all structures require a water supply.
Appropriate flow rate, pressure, and water quality are necessary for
effective use.
5. Water is a precious and natural resource on the planet
earth. It is found all around us. Nearly two-thirds of the
Earth’s surface is filled with water.
As per the Earth’s geography, there is a lot of water all
around us, but it is not fresh water and not suitable for
human use.
The available natural water is not pure forever.
Excluding rainwater, all other water sources comprise
salts and minerals deposits dissolved in it. These salts
make the water impure, which is not fit for
consumption.
SOURCES OF WATER
7. Surface Water
Surface water is any body of water
found on the Earth’s surface,
including both the saltwater in the
ocean and the freshwater in rivers,
streams, and lakes. A body of
surface water can persist all year
long or for only part of the year.
8. Ground Water
Groundwater is the water present
beneath Earth's surface in rock
and soil pore spaces and in the
fractures of rock formations.
About 30 percent of all readily
available freshwater in the world
is groundwater
9. Water Supply
System
A water supply system or water supply network is a system of
engineered hydrologic and hydraulic components that provide
water supply.
1. A drainage basin (see water purification – sources of drinking
water)
2. A raw water collection point (above or below ground) where the
water accumulates, such as a lake, a river, or groundwater from
an underground aquifer. Raw water may be transferred using
uncovered ground-level aqueducts, covered tunnels, or
underground water pipes to water purification facilities.
10. “
3. Water purification facilities. Treated water is
transferred using water pipes (usually
underground).
4. Water storage facilities such
as reservoirs, water tanks, or water towers.
Smaller water systems may store the water
in cisterns or pressure vessels. Tall buildings
may also need to store water locally in
pressure vessels in order for the water to
reach the upper floors.
11. 5. Additional water pressurizing components such
as pumping stations may need to be situated at the
outlet of underground or aboveground reservoirs or
cisterns (if gravity flow is impractical).
6. A pipe network for distribution of water to
consumers (which may be private houses or
industrial, commercial, or institution establishments)
and other usage points (such as fire hydrants)
12. “ 7. Connections to
the sewers (underground pipes, or
aboveground ditches in some
developing countries) are generally
found downstream of the water
consumers, but the sewer system is
considered to be a separate system,
rather than part of the water supply
system.
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