Describe las reglas en que se ordena la tabla de los elementos

1. 1

2. 2
Cuando se descubrieron los elementos

3. 3
Configuraciones electrónicas de los elementos

4. 4
Clasificación de los elementos

5. 5
Cations and Anions Of Representative Elements

6. 6
Radio atómico

7. 7
Radio atómico

8. 8
Tendencias en Radios
Atómicos

9. 9
Comparación de Radios Atómicos
con Radios Iónicos

10. 10
Chemistry in Action: The 𝟑𝐫𝐝 Liquid Element?
117 elements, 2 are liquids at 25° C − Br2 and Hg
223Fr, 𝑡1 2 = 21 minutes

11. 11
Group 1A Elements 𝑛𝑠1, 𝑛 ≥ 2
M ⟶ M+1 + 1e−
2M(𝑠) + 2H2O(𝑙) ⟶ 2MOH 𝑎𝑞 + H2(𝑔)
4M(𝑠) + O2(𝑔) ⟶ 2M2O 𝑠
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12. 12
Group 1A Elements 𝑛𝑠1, 𝑛 ≥ 2 , Continued
Litio (Li)/ Sodio (Na)

13. 13
Group 2A Elements 𝑛𝑠2, 𝑛 ≥ 2
M ⟶ M+2
+ 2e−
Be(𝑠) + 2H2O(𝑙) ⟶ No Reaction
Mg(𝑠) + 2H2 O(𝑔) + Mg OH 2(𝑎𝑞) + H2(g)
M(𝑠)2H2O(𝑙) + Mg OH 2(𝑎𝑞) + H2(g) M = Ca, Sr, or Ba
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14. 14
Group 2A Elements 𝑛𝑠2
, 𝑛 ≥ 2 , Continued

15. 15
Group 3A Elements 𝑛𝑠2𝑛𝑝1, 𝑛 ≥ 2
4Al(𝑠) + 3O2(𝑔) ⟶ 2Al2O3(𝑠)
2Al(𝑠) + 6H(𝑎𝑞)
+
⟶ 2Al 𝑎𝑞
3+
+ 3H2(𝑔)
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16. 16
Group 3A Elements 𝑛𝑠2𝑛𝑝1, 𝑛 ≥ 2 , Continued

17. 17
Group 4A Elements 𝑛𝑠2𝑛𝑝2, 𝑛 ≥ 2
Sn(𝑠) + 2H(𝑎𝑞)
+
⟶ Sn(𝑎𝑞)
2+
+ H2(𝑔)
Pb(𝑠) + 2H(𝑎𝑞)
+
⟶ Pb(𝑎𝑞)
2+
+ H2(𝑔)
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18. 18
Group 4A Elements 𝑛𝑠2𝑛𝑝2, 𝑛 ≥ 2 , Continued
Carbon (graphite) Carbon (diamond) Silicon (Si)
Germanium (Ge) Tin (Sn) Lead (Pb)

19. 19
Group 5A Elements (𝑛𝑠2𝑛𝑠3, 𝑛 ≥ 2)
N2O5 𝑠 + H2O(𝑙) ⟶ 2HNO3(𝑎𝑞)
P4O10(𝑠) + 6H2O(𝑙) ⟶ 4H3PO4(𝑎𝑞)
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20. 20
Group 5A Elements 𝑛𝑠2
𝑛𝑝3
, 𝑛 ≥ 2 , Continued

21. 21
Group 6A Elements 𝑛𝑠2
𝑛𝑝4
, 𝑛 ≥ 2
SO3(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO4(aq)
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22. 22
Group 6A Elements 𝑛𝑠2𝑛𝑝4, 𝑛 ≥ 2 , Continued

23. 23
Group 7A Elements 𝑛𝑠2𝑛𝑝5, 𝑛 ≥ 2
X + 1e−
⟶ X−1
X2(𝑔) + H2(𝑔) ⟶ 2HX(𝑔)
Increasing
reactivity
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24. 24
Group 7A Elements 𝑛𝑠2𝑛𝑝5, 𝑛 ≥ 2 , Continued

25. 25
Group 8A Elements 𝑛𝑠2𝑛𝑝6, 𝑛 ≥ 2
Completamente lleno ns y np subniveles.
La energía de ionización más alta de
todos los elementos.
No hay tendencia a aceptar electrones
adicionales. Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.

26. 26
Compounds of the Noble Gases
A number of xenon compounds XeF4, XeO3,
XeO4, XeOF4 exist.
A few krypton compounds (KrF2, for example)
have been prepared.

27. 27
Química en Acción: Descubrimiento
de los Gases Nobles
Helium (He) Neon (Ne) Argon (Ar) Krypton (Kr) Xenon (Xe)
Sir William Ramsay