The_Threat_of_Aging_Infrastructure_in_America_Presentation
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•211 views
Recommended
Recommended
More Related Content
Similar to The_Threat_of_Aging_Infrastructure_in_America_Presentation
Similar to The_Threat_of_Aging_Infrastructure_in_America_Presentation (20)
More from Michael Yatskievych
The_Threat_of_Aging_Infrastructure_in_America_Presentation
- 1. The Threat of Aging Infrastructure in America By Michael Yatskievych and Alyssa Cervantes PAD 5347- Thursday 6 May 2010
- 2. ProblematicThemes: - Updating and building new infrastructure components is very expensive. - Where do we get the money? - How do we allocate funds? - How do we prioritize infrastructure attention? - Which infrastructures are in greatest demand for commerce and security? - How to re-educate public to be more aware of critical infrastructures?
- 3. Consequences Overview of aging critical infrastructure consequences: -Deteriorated infrastructure is an immediate threat to the safety and well-being to citizens -Delays in repair and maintenance costs more money than immediate attention -Potential increases in taxes -Greater infrastructure neglect increases odds of terrorism -Wasting time and resources -Increased infrastructure operational costs -Diminished economic competitiveness
- 4. Infrastructure Most of America’s infrastructure is over 50 years old: Locks, Levees, and Dams Bridges Highways Water Systems
- 6. I-35 Bridge Collapse Minneapolis, Minnesota August 2007
- 7. CuyahogaRiverFires Cleveland’s claim to shame- “The river that oozes rather than flows.” -Time Magazine, June 22, 1969.
- 8. A.S.C.E. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) released its 2009 Report Card for America’s Infrastructure.
- 10. AdditionalCIPratings: Highest Rating: Solid Waste Management: C+ Lowest Rating: Waterway Transportation: D-
- 11. Solutions 1. Increase federal leadership in infrastructure. 2. Promote sustainability and resilience. 3. Develop federal, regional, and state infrastructure plans. 4. Address life-cycle costs and aging maintenance.
- 12. A.A.S.H.T.O. Goals 1. Provide a clearinghouse for up-to-date info on preservation technologies for pavements and bridges. 2. Develop and administer a Help Desk for the technical and training needs for State highway agencies. 3. Provide a forum for the exchange of ideas, information and best practices for those agencies. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
- 13. TheDigitalAge The most important facet of infrastructure: Digital Network Construction Traditional defined layers of critical infrastructure currently rely on advanced broad-band technology to communicate with affiliated offices and facilities to operate safely and smoothly .
- 14. StructureInspections To build or to destroy? -When is it best to repair? -When is it best to build new? -Does old equate to bad? -Who is responsible for deciding the fate of a structure?
- 15. MonetaryAcquisition The great generalization: How do we get the money to protect and update critical infrastructures? -increase taxes -increase utility/usage rate -create finance mgmt. offices -re-education initiatives
- 16. MonetaryAcquisition An additional method to acquire more infrastructure funds. Follow the city of Houston permit consolidation model: Tax everything for every occasion (i.e. garage sales, noise permits, ballroom rental, etc.)
- 18. ListofArticlesReviewed The CIP Report- Vol. 8 No. 4 Oct. 2009: Aging Infrastructure -“America’s Infrastructure”. Herrmann, Andrew W. -“AASHTO: ~Aging Bridges and Structures”. Rehm, Kelley. - “Intelligent Infrastructure”. Carlini, James. - “Optimizing Infrastructure Investments”. Creel, James. - “Physical Exam of Aging Buildings”. Schkeeper, Peter A. - “The Future for ~Water”. Loken, Lorraine. - “Washington’s Transportation ~”. Swanson, John. - “Infrastructure Age, Security, and Hazards”. Zimmerman, Rae and et al. - “Bridge Diagnostics”. Schultz, Jeffery. - “Transportation Appropriations Act”. Maltby, Joseph.
- 19. AdditionalReferences -Adler, Jonathan H. (2003). "Fables of the Cuyahoga: Reconstructing a History of Environmental Protection." Fordham Environmental Law Journal, Vol. XIV, p. 89. -CIA Worldfactbook: United States (Available online: 1 May 2010): https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html -"The Cities: The Price of Optimism, 1969-08-01.". Time (magazine). 1969- 08-01. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/ 0,9171,901182,00.html. Retrieved 2010-04-30. -City of Houston, Administration and Regulatory Affairs Department. “Step Seven in the One Stop Permitting Initiative”. May 5, 2009. -Cross, Paul. PAD 5347 Lecture: February 11, 2010. -Cross, Paul. PAD 5347 Lecture: March 25, 2010. -"Cuyahoga River Area of Concern". Environmental Protection Agency. http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/aoc/cuyahoga.html. -"The Cuyahoga River Watershed: Proceedings of a symposium commemorating the dedication of Cunningham Hall." Kent State University, 1 November 1968. -I-35 Bridge Tragedy (Available online: 1 May 2010): https//:www.uaprogressiveaction.com/taxonomy/term/26
Editor's Notes
- When measured against other critical issues that affect America everyday: wars, terrorism, the downturn of our economy, the aging of America’s infrastructure is listed low on the list of priorities of threats to address. Unfortunately, it takes wide-scale disasters to remind the American public and its leaders of its vital importance. This presentation will cover the key points presented in the October 2009 issue of the Center for Infrastructure Protection (CIP) Report on America’s aging infrastructure, and the critical threat that it poses to the daily lives of Americans, and the environmental and public health of our nation.
- Every article found in the Oct 2009 issue of the CIP report brings to the readers attention that the face-value of each facet of critical infrastructure must first “create a solid platform for commerce that companies and organizations can build upon to expand their regional as well as global trade.” (Carlini- Intelligent Infrastructure) This does not necessarily mean that the repair of existing infrastructures are of primary concern, but rather those infrastructures that are in greatest demand to sustain the economic security of that region. The primary example that is garnered the most attention for infrastructure development is in the arena of digital information technology, namely telecommunication networking via the internet through respective government and civilian entities.
- Failure to invest in an already over-stressed transportation infrastructure is increasing commute times, causing greater wear on vehicles, and increasing safety concerns. Furthermore, it is also delaying freight deliveries, increasing shipping costs, which increases consumer costs and diminishes market competitiveness. Other consequences include: Americans are spending 4.2 billion hours a year in traffic, which costs the economy $78 billion and wastes about 3 billion gallons of gasoline.
- Much of America’s infrastructure is over 50 years old: Inland Waterways’ Systems of Locks, Levees, Dams, Bridges, and Highways. We saw the destruction caused by old locks and levees. Aging transportation systems lead to disasters like the Minneapolis bridge collapse, traffic congestion, and massive amounts of motor vehicle accidents. For water systems: As studied in this course, 7 billion gallons of clean drinking water is lost everyday from leaking pipes. Sanitary sewer overflows, caused by blocked or broken pipes, result in the release of as much as 10 billion gallons of raw sewage yearly.
- Hurricane Katrina which struck in 2005 was the costliest hurricane, as well as one of the deadliest in the history of the United States. The most severe loss of life occurred in New Orleans, Louisiana, which flooded as the levee system catastrophically failed, in many cases hours after the storm had moved inland. The damage caused by the storm and its breaching of the levee system was over $81 billion and 1,836 lives lost. Independent investigations determined that the age of the levees (which were originally constructed in 1965) was a leading cause of the destruction of Hurricane Katrina. The images are difficult to forget.
- Almost exactly two years later, in August of 2007, the I-35W Mississippi River bridge, an eight-lane, steel truss arch bridge that carried Interstate 35W across the Mississippi River in Minneapolis, Minnesota, suddenly collapsed, during evening rush hour traffic. The bridge collapse killed 13 people and injured 145. Investigations determined that the age of the bridge, constructed in 1964, was a contributing factor to its ultimate collapse.
- There have reportedly been at least thirteen fires on the Cuyahoga River, the first occurring in 1868.[12] Fires erupted on the river several more times before June 22, 1969, when a river fire captured the attention of Time magazine, which described the Cuyahoga as the river that "oozes rather than flows" and in which a person "does not drown but decays.“ The surface is covered with the brown oily film. In addition, large quantities of black heavy oil floating in slicks, sometimes several inches thick, are observed frequently. Debris and trash are commonly caught up in these slicks forming an unsightly floating mess. ↑ "The Cuyahoga River Watershed: Proceedings of a symposium commemorating the dedication of Cunningham Hall." Kent State University, 1 November 1968. ↑ Adler, Jonathan H. (2003). "Fables of the Cuyahoga: Reconstructing a History of Environmental Protection." Fordham Environmental Law Journal, Vol. XIV, p. 89. ↑ "Cuyahoga River Area of Concern". Environmental Protection Agency. http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/aoc/cuyahoga.html. ↑ "The Cities: The Price of Optimism, 1969-08-01.". Time (magazine). 1969-08-01. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,901182,00.html. Retrieved 2010-04-30.
- Recently, the American Society of Civil engineers released its 2009 Report Card for America’s Infrastructure.
- The report found that the country’s infrastructure rated a cumulative grade of D, reflecting no improvements towards maintaining, repairing, and modernizing the nation’s infrastructure since 2005. In order to raise the grade on our infrastructure, massive investment from our federal government is required. Although spending projections are estimated at $1.1 trillion, ASCE believes the critically necessary improvements will cost close to $2.2 trillion.
- According to EPA, Clean Watersheds Needs Survey 2000 Report to Congress, Jan 2004. The high ranking of solid waste management is due to that more than a third of solid waste is currently recycled or recovered, an increase of more than 7% compared to 9 years ago. The low ranking of waterway transportation management is due to severe neglect and disrepair. About half of all locks and levees are more than 50 years old.
- The ASCE proposed the following solutions: Increase federal leadership in infrastructure. The ASCE explained that in the 20th century, strong federal leadership led to the New Deal Programs, the development of the Interstate Highway System, and the Clean Water Act. ASCE believes that the US needs bold leadership with vision and a strong relationship with the majority owners of infrastructure: the private sector. Secondly, it proposed the promotion of sustainability and resilience by the federal government. It believes that the future generations are depending on our current administration(s) to ensure their public health and safety. New, efficient, methods must be developed to protect our next generations. Next, the ASCE called for the development of federal, regional and state infrastructure plans. They finally proposed the completion of life-cycle cost analyses for all systems. This means a review to determine how old they are and how much longer they can safely be used. The ASCE strongly believes that the owners of the infrastructure should be required to perform ongoing evaluations and maintenance to keep the system functioning at a safe and satisfactory level.
- The next organization discussed in the report is the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). The AASHTO considers itself “The voice of Transportation.” Its primary goal is to foster the development, operation, and maintenance of an integrated national transportation system. Following the collapse of the I-35 bridge, AASHTO developed a technical service program centered on Transportation System Preservation (which focuses on the maintencence and preservation of bridges). The goals of this program are: To provide a clearinghouse for comprehensive, up-to-date information on effective preservation technologies that enhance pavement and bridge performance and extend their useful service life. The second is to develop and administer a system preservation help desk to provide State hwy agencies with a one-stop source for technical, training and outreach services. The last goal is to offer State Hwy agencies a platform to exchange ideas, info and best practices with one another.
- Critical trade routes have become electronic. In the past trade routes were a physical entity that encountered trade, culture, and commerce. Now these routes are also electronic and is a critical need to engage in world commerce. The necessity for an electronic information network is mandatory to meet with the current standards of information dispersal. An instantaneous digital information system that not only monitors and safeguards economic prosperity is a modern requirement in any industrialized nation but also is a necessity for protecting more traditional infrastructures (ports, roads, food, water, energy…) through heightened security measures and redundancy. “Just like a single lane dirt road which evolved into the multi-lane superhighways of today”, the current model of internet processing at the federal level needs to be updated to handle the exponential growth of digital applications. (Carlini- Intelligent Infrastructure).
- Although older structures tend to have a romantic quality there are continual and increasing levels of maintenance that never go away. (Schkeeper- Physical Exam of Aging Buildings). The decision as to chose to maintain an older building is greatly environmental as keeping it does not release carbon emissions into the environment. When a structure is unsafe for use it must be decided whether to raze or repair. By adhering to unified building codes, as found with the International Code Council, American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM), the American Society of Civil Engineers, NTSB, and AASHTO, a decision as to whether to raze or repair can be made. Bridge Diagnostics Inc. (BDI) is often compared to an EKG for spanned structures. This private company is responsible for regularly testing the integrity of bridges. Agencies like this are the gate-keepers to safety and utility.
- Many brilliant ideas have been developed to assist in getting America out of its D-grade position, yet almost everyone of these plans requires the implementation of more funding. James Creel’s article on “Optimizing Infrastructure” considers eliminating any middle-man exchanges where highly paid lobbyists will be put on the curbside in lieu for a civilian operated firm that specializes in fund allocation: “Spending money is easy. Accounting and managing it however are more demanding challenges.” In regards to Loken’s article, “The Future for Sustainable Water infrastructure”, agrees with Creel in that the best decision to appropriate funding is by creating a specialized institution that would regulate the flow of expenses for infrastructure protection and maintenance. Furthermore, Loken encourages that by increasing specialized industry taxes and re-educating the public is the best combination to acquire more fiscal leverage. Swanson’s article follows suit in that increases in Washington D.C’s transportation funds could be made possible via similar methods, increases in sales and gas taxes as well as higher toll road charges.
- Permit Consolidation Project Step Seven in the One Stop Permitting Initiative City of Houston Administration and Regulatory Affairs May 5, 2009 Just about every event, private or civic, must be reported to the city prior to its engagement and respective fees must be paid. Acquired funds are placed into a discretionary fund that will be used for city purposes to include the maintenance and updating of