This document provides an overview of computers and computer systems. It defines what a computer is and describes the common types of personal computers like desktops, laptops, netbooks, and PDAs. It then discusses the typical parts of a desktop computer system unit including form factors like full tower, mid tower, mini tower, and small form factor cases. It also describes common peripheral devices like monitors, mice, keyboards, speakers, and the ports they connect to. The document concludes with a brief lesson on software that defines system software like operating systems and utility programs, as well as common application software and different types of software licensing.

1. INFORMATION AND
COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY 10
Leading to Computer System Servicing NC II
Michael Angelo C. Bandales, MAEd
ICT Teacher

2. Tell me the things
that you remember
about ICT

3. LESSON 1:
Definition of computer
Types of Personal Computer
Common parts of a Desktop Computer
Computer System Servicing NCII |Install and configure computer systems

4. A computer is an electronic device
that has the capability to
manipulate information or data,
store, retrieve, and process it for
more useful information. It is
programmable so it can responds
to specific instructions or
commands.
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5. Personal Computer or PC for short
is small and designed for an
individual user.
Personal Computer
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6. Desktop is a common
term used to describe
a general type of
personal computer
that is not portable
and often placed on or
at someone home or
office desk.
Desktop Computer
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7. Laptop Computer
Laptop Computer is a small,
portable computer enough to sit
it on your lap. Laptop computers
are more frequently called as
notebook computers, though
technically laptops are
somewhat larger in size than
notebooks in both thickness and
weight. Portable computers run
off AC power and also have the
ability to run of battery pack for
a few hours.
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8. Netbook is a small
portable computing
device, similar to a
notebook. However,
it has a smaller form
factor. Most Netbook
nowadays have the
same performance
with other Notebook.
Netbook
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9. This was developed
to handle specific
tasks, a handheld
device or mobile
device that functions
as personal
information manager.
PDA
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10. Computer System Servicing NCII |Install and configure computer systems
Desktop Computer is designed to fit securely on top
of a desk, or a working table usually with the
monitor sitting on top of the computer.

11. System Unit is the main body
of a desktop computer which
is typically consisting of a
metal or plastic enclosure
containing all the essential
parts of the personal
computer.
System Unit
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12. FORM FACTOR OF SYSTEM UNIT
the form factor is the size, configuration, or physical arrangement of a computer
hardware object. The term is commonly used in describing the size and/or
arrangement of a computer case or chassis

13. Full Tower
Full-tower cases are
generally big with a
height that is about
or more than 30
inches (more than
76 cm). The number
of internal drive bays
inside these cases
can be between 6
and 10.
HAF Stacker 935

14. Mid Tower
Another case that might be a
step down, would be
classified as a mid tower
case. Mid-tower cases are the
most widely used computer
cases. Mid Tower cases are
about 18 to 24 (45 to 60 cm)
inches high and they usually
contain 2 to 4 internal drive
bays and a similar number of
external bays (for CD/DVD
readers and similar).
Centurion 6

15. Mini Tower
Mini-tower usually
have up to 2 or
sometimes 3 internal
drive bays. Mini-
cases normally stand
at a height of 12 to
18 inches (30 to 45
cm). Expandability is
a problem with these
cases.
Cooler Master Elite 241 - USB 2

16. FORM FACTOR OF SYSTEM UNIT
Lenovo ThinkCentre M91
Slim Line Case
Slim Line Computer
Case
Slim line cases are
simply tower cases
turned on their sideways.
They can hold a monitor
on top of the case.

17. Small Form Factor (SFF) Case
Small form factor or SFF cases are custom cases that are
designed to minimize the spatial volume of a desktop
computer. SFFs are available in a variety of sizes and shapes,
including shoe boxes, cubes, and book-sized PCs.

18. Monitor is a visual display unit,
which shows images generated from
the video output a computer.
Computer monitor nowadays have
two types. The CRT (Cathode Ray
Tube) monitor which is a big, like a
tube television, and consume a lot
of space in a table; however, it is the
least expensive monitor option. The
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and LED
(Light Emitting Diode) monitor is
thin and saves energy, but costs
more.
Monitor
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19. The ASUS VS239H-P
What to Consider in buying a desktop monitor?
1. Manufacturer and Model name
Example:
Here, ASUS is the
Manufacturer
VS239H-P is the Model Name
Popular Manufacturer and newer Model will be more expensive.

20. Example: At the back of ASUS VS239H-P the 3-pin AC
port sit the HDMI, DVI-D, VGA and audio-out ports.
2. Ports or Plug-ins used to connect in system unit.
Monitor with complete Plug-ins will be more expensive.

21. Types of Data Cable used by computer monitor
VGA (Video Graphic Array) Cable
VGA (video
graphics array)
has been around
the longest. VGA
is an analog
signal, meaning
the quality may
not be as high as
with other cables,
especially at high
resolutions.

22. VGA Port

23. Types of Data Cable used by computer monitor
DVI (Digital Video Interface) Cable
DVI (digital video
interface) has been on
graphics cards for many
years now, but is still very
very common. Almost all
all LCD displays have a DVI
DVI port. Because DVI is a
is a digital connection, the
the signal will be higher
quality than VGA.

24. There are several different types of DVI connectors.
They're mostly intercompatible, but not always.
DVI-A carries only an analog signal (and is
therefore rarely useful). DVI-D carries only a digital
signal. DVI-I carries both, and can be used with
DVI-VGA adapters. DVI-I connectors are the most
versatile, as they can be used for either digital or
analog signals as necessary.
There are also two link modes. Almost all DVI
cables are single-link, which supports a practical
resolution of up to 1920x1200. Dual-link cables can
support resolutions up to 2560x1600, and are
typically only used for very high resolution displays.
Most (but not all) graphics cards with a DVI output
do support dual-link DVI.

25. DVI Port

26. Types of Data Cable used by computer monitor
HDMI (Video Graphic Array) Cable
HDMI (high definition media
interface) is a newer port, but is
is 100% compatible with digital
digital DVI signals. You can get
get cheap DVI->HDMI and HDMI-
HDMI->DVI cables and adapters
adapters (not converters, because
because there's nothing to
convert). HDMI has the advantage
advantage of being able to carry
carry an audio signal, but this
only works if your card supports
supports outputting HDMI audio
audio and your monitor has built-
built-in speakers can can receive
receive audio over HDMI.

27. HDMI Port

28. Power Plug for Computer Monitor

29. Mouse is also known as
pointing device whose
function is to detect
two-dimensional motion
relative to its supporting
surface.
Mouse
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31. Types of Computer Mouse
USB Optical Mouse

32. Types of Computer Mouse
Wireless Mouse

33. Keyboard is an input device, designed
just like a typewriter keyboard. It is one of
the primary ways we communicate with
the computer and enter data.
Keyboard
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34. Types of Keyboard
PS2 Keyboard

35. Types of Keyboard
USB Keyboard

36. Types of keyboard
Wireless Keyboard

37. A type of port/connector developed by
IBM for connecting a mouse or
keyboard to a PC. The PS/2 port
supports a mini DIN plug containing
just 6 pins. Most PCs have a PS/2 port
so that the serial port can be used by
another device, such as a modem.
The PS/2 port is often called the
mouse port.
PS2

38. PS2 Connectors
PS2 Ports
PS2 Ports Pinout

39. Short for Universal Serial Bus, an
external bus standard that
supports data transfer rates of 12
Mbps. A single USB port can be
used to connect up to 127
peripheral devices, such as mice,
modems, and keyboards. USB
also supports Plug-and-Play
installation and hot plugging.
USB

40. USB 3.0 provides better
speed and more efficient
power management than
USB 2.0. USB 3.0 is
backward compatible
with USB 2.0 devices;
however, data transfer
speeds are limited to
USB 2.0 levels when
these devices inter-
operate. In 2014, a new
standard, USB 3.1, was
released and is expected
to be in widespread use
by 2015.

41. USB Connector

42. Types of USB
USB A is the common port used by USB mouse and keyboard.

43. Speakers are external audio
device which is commonly
equipped with a low-power
internal amplifier. The
standard audio connector of
a computer speaker is a
3.5mm (1/8 inch) stereo jack
plug often color-coded lime
green for computer sound
cards.
Speakers
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44. Speaker cable jack
Audio Ports

45. AVR (Automatic Voltage
Regulator)The role of automatic
voltage regulator's is to reduce the
5 volt signal to the lower voltage
required by the microprocessor.
Other prefers to have UPS
(Uninterruptive Power
Supply)which cost much than AVR
but good enough because it has its
own chargeable battery, enabling
your computer not to shut down in
case of power failure.
AVR
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46. SOFTWARE
Lesson 2

47. SOFTWARE
Software is a program or a set of instructions
that tells the computer what to do. Computers
would be useless without any type of
software. Computer need System Software so
hardware and other Application Softwarethat
the computer user uses need would run.

48. The two types of
software are;
1. System Software
2. Application
Software

49. System Software
This type of software
includes the OS short for
Operating System and
other utility software. OS is
the most important program
that makes the hardware
functions. All computers
must have an operating
system so other programs
like application software
would run.

50. MICROSOFT
Microsoft is one of the largest and most influential
computer company founded in 1975 by Paul Allen and Bill
Gates. Microsoft has a big contribution in almost every
area of computer software, from Operating systems,
programming tools to end-user applications. Some of the
popular Operating system made by Microsoft are the
following:

51. APPLE MACINTOSH
OS
Apple Computer was
invented by Steve
Wozniak and Steve
Jobs and the Apple
Company is founded
by Steve Wozniak,
Steve Jobs with Ron
Wayne in April 1,

52. LINUX
Linux is a free and open-source operating
system developed by Linus Torvalds and
was first introduced in 1991. The Linux
kernel runs on numerous different
platforms including the Intel and Alpha
platform and is available under the GNU
General Public License.

53. APPLICATION
SOFTWARE
Application software
is a specialized
program that could
execute a specific job
for the user. It would
only run in its
compatible Operating
System.

54. COMMERCIAL SOFTWARE
Refers to any software that is designed for
sale to serve a commercial need.
Commercial software is usually proprietary
software

55. FOSS
Acronym for Free or Open Source Software.
FOSS programs are those that have licenses that
allow users to freely run the program for any
purpose, modify the program as they want, and
also to freely distribute copies of either the
original version or their own modified version.

56. FREEWARE
Copyrighted software given away for free by the
author. Although it is available for free, the author
retains the copyright, which means that you cannot
do anything with it that is not expressly allowed by
the author. Usually, the author allows people to use
the software, but not sell it.

57. SHAREWARE
(n.) Software distributed on
the basis of an honor
system. Most shareware is
delivered free of charge,
but the author usually
requests that you pay a
small fee if you like the
program and use it
regularly. By sending the
small fee, you become
registered with the
producer so that you can
receive service assistance