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1. Target group and Area specific
Approach (1969-1979)
• A new initiative was taken to improve the economic
conditions and reduce the income disparities in the rural
areas.
 SFDA
 MFAL
 DPAP
 CADP
 FFW
 NREP
 RLEGP
 JRY
 DWCRA

2. Integrated Rural Development Programme
(IRDP)
Many development programmes were introduced
for the benefit of rural people before and after
independence viz., IADP (Intensive Agriculture
Development Programme), HYVP (High Yielding
Variety Programme), SFDA (Small Farmers’
Development Agency), MFALA (Marginal Farmers
and Agricultural Laborer Agency) , TRYSEM
(Training of Rural Youth for Self-Employment), CDP
(Community Development Programme) etc..

3. But these programmes had many lacunae like :
(a) restriction to small and same areas,
(b) same target groups were benefitted,
(c) no single programme for entire country,
(d) unsatisfactory administration,
(e) population explosion etc. besides these problems, it
was felt that in order to deal with rural poverty in India,
a far more ambitious programme was required.
Consequently, a programme known as Integrated Rural
Development Programme (IRDP) came into existence
in 2,300 blocks of the country during 1978-79 and it
was extended to all the blocks of the country from 2nd
October 1980.

4. The District Rural Development Agency (DRDA) was set up at the district
level to implement IRDP in the country. It is headed by the District
Collector or Chief Executive Officer of Zilla Parishad. The main functions of
DRDA are :
To oversee the implementation of different anti poverty programmes
implemented in the district
Create awareness among the rural people about the different anti
poverty programmes implemented in the district,
Submit periodic report in prescribed format for keeping inform about
the progress of implementation of different projects to Zilla Parishad and
State and Central Governments,
To strive hard to promote transparency in the implementation of
different anti poverty programmes,
To co-ordinate and oversee the conduct of BPL census, and
To carry out action research/evaluation studies initiated by State and
Central Governments.

5. Objectives of the IRDP :
• To provide necessary help to the poor families
in the villages to raise them from the poverty
line
• To create substantial additional opportunities
of employment in the rural sector

6. •The funds are drawn from Central government (50%) and State
Government ( 50%). Each block gets financial assistance of Rs. 5
lakhs covering 3000 families in every block within 5 years.
• In every block, 600 families are selected per year. In this
programme the needy families are selected carefully.
•Among the total selected families, 50% should be SC and ST
families, 40% women, 7% general poor families and 3% disabled.
•The target group under IRDP consists of small farmers, marginal
farmers, agricultural labourers and rural artisans.
•The IRDP beneficiaries are assisted through viable projects which
are financed partly by subsidy and partly by bank loans.
•The capital loss of the assets is subsidized to the extent of 25% to
small farmers, 33.33% to marginal farmers, agricultural labourers,
non-agricultural laborers and rural artisans, and 50% to tribals, SCs
and STs.

7. Short comings/Bottlenecks of IRDP :
The demerits of the IRDP includes :
• Misidentification of beneficiaries and misutilization of funds
• Lack of infrastructural support
• Lack of remunerative price for different inputs
• Irregular monitoring and evaluation of the programme
• Lack of better quality assets
• Absence of full time staff at the block level for IRDP work
• Preference was given to those who were better off within the
poverty group
• Non-involvement of the village community as a whole in the
identification of beneficiaries
• Lack of participation of members of the target group in the
selection of schemes and allied aspects of receiving assistance
• Inadequate flow of credit has been a major bottleneck.

8. Panchayathi Raj Institutions
• PRIs are the local self governing bodies consisting of
elected representatives from rural areas.
• Balvantray G. Mehta Committee studied CD & NES
• One of the least successful aspects of CD and NES
was its attempt to evoke people initiative
recommended “Democratic Decentralisation”
• Democracy-Greek roots ‘demos’ meaning the people
and ‘kratos’ meaning authority i.e. In democracy, all
authority originates from the people.
• Decentralisation means distribution of power and
functions from a central authority to regional and
local authorities.

9. • Rajastan was the first state to launch
Panchayath Raj in the country on 2nd October
1959 followed by Andra Pradesh.
• Gram Panchayath
• Taluk Panchayath
• Zilla Panchayath