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City Study 2019: Denver
Acknowledgement
• Student-level data were provided by the Colorado
Department of Education.
• RootED and Denver Public Schools assisted CREDO
with verifying the list of public schools in Denver.
This Report
• This report on Denver is one in a series of studies examining school
performance across selected U.S. cities.
• Performance is defined as how much academic growth students
made from one year to the next.
• The performance of students in Denver is benchmarked to the state
average, accounting for student characteristics.
• We first track the growth of Denver overall and by sector using data
from 2013-14 to 2016-17.
• We then further explore how one-year academic growth for the
period ending in Spring 2017 differs by sector, school type, race,
poverty status, English language learner (ELL) status, special
education status, and gender.
Types of Charters
• Charter Networks
• Charter Management Organization (CMO): To qualify as a CMO, an
organization must oversee the operation of at least three charter schools.
Further, the CMO must be the charter holder for all of the schools operated
by the CMO.
• Education Management Organization (EMO): To qualify as an EMO, an
organization must provide services under contract to at least three separate
charter schools, but does not hold the charter for any school they serve. The
EMO must answer to the school’s charter holder in addition to authorizers
and state governance.
• Independent Charter Schools
• To qualify as an independent charter school, an organization must oversee
the operation of a single charter school. The charter-holding organization
may run the school directly or they may contract with an organization which
provides services to one or two charter schools.
Denver-Specific Analysis
• The Denver City Report includes analysis for an additional sector:
Innovation Schools.
• Three types of innovation schools
• District-run innovation schools: district-managed public schools
with a strategic plan that allows waivers to specific district policies,
state statutes, and collective bargaining agreements with the goal
of improving student outcomes and executing with excellence a
specific model
• Innovation zone (iZone): a group of public innovation schools that
share common interests and seek additional flexibility
• Schools with innovation status in an Innovative Management
Organization (IMO), which is group of public schools that share a
model and are overseen by an executive principal, with the ability
to leverage their resources across school sites
• Learn more at: https://portfolio.dpsk12.org/dps-family-of-schools/
Presentation of Results
• The results display two sets of comparisons
• The progress of Denver students is benchmarked against the state
average learning gains, accounting for student characteristics.
• Positive numbers represent better than average performance.
• Negative numbers represent worse than average performance.
• Significance in the difference between students in the city and the
average state performance is represented by black asterisks.
• The progress of charter school students within Denver is then compared to
the performance of similar TPS students within Denver.
• Significance in the difference between a student group in charter
schools and the same student group in TPS is represented by colored
asterisks.
Measurement of Academic Growth
• Results are graphically displayed on two axes:
• The left axis indicates learning gains of Denver students relative to the average
learning gains of students with similar characteristics in the state, measured in
standard deviation units.
• The right axis displays the same learning gains measured in days of learning.
• The baseline of 0.00 represents 180 days of learning.
• Positive performance translates to greater gains in days of learning.
• Negative performance translates to fewer gains in days of learning.
• The table below shows a transformation of standard deviation units to
days of learning.
Standard Deviations Days of Learning
0.05 30
0.10 59
0.15 89
0.20 118
0.25 148
0.30 177
0.35 207
Roadmap for Graphs
PRELIMINARY DRAFT 8
•Black Students
•Hispanic Students
Race
•Poverty Status
•English Language Learner Status
•Special Education Status
Subgroup
•Female Students
•Male Students
Gender
Overall
Denver
Results
All Students
Breakout by Further Breakout by
This menu includes links to specific analyses throughout the report.
In the following slides, the same menu is shown on the right-hand side.
•Charter Network
•School-Level
Sector
Comparison of Peers
Denver Analysis: All Students
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
Average One-Year Learning Gains for All Denver Students Compared to
the State Average Learning Gains, by Year and Subject
Overall Denver
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in the Spring of each school year (SY).
0.10**
0.13**
0.11**
0.11**
0.11**
0.07**
-30
0
30
59
89
118
148
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
SY 2014-2015 SY 2015-2016 SY 2016-2017
Growth
(in
Days
of
Learning)
Growth
(in
Standard
Deviations)
* Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01
Reading Math
Sector Analysis
Sector Analysis
(Math)
Sector Analysis
(Reading)
Click the buttons below for reading and math growth of Denver schools relative to
the state average learning gains by year and sector.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
Overall Denver
Sector Analysis: Reading
Learning Gains in Reading for Students in Denver Charter Schools,
Denver Innovation Schools, and Denver TPS Compared to the State
Average Learning Gains by Year
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in the Spring of each school year (SY).
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
[C] 0.23**
[C] 0.16** [C] 0.12**
[I]0.07
[I]0.18**
[I]0.10*
[T] 0.06**
[T] 0.09** [T] 0.10**
0
30
59
89
118
148
177
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
SY 2014-2015 SY 2015-2016 SY 2016-2017
Growth
(in
Days
of
Learning)
Growth
(in
Standard
Deviations)
* Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01
Charter Innovation TPS
*
*
Overall Denver
Sector Analysis: Math
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in the Spring of each school year (SY).
Learning Gains in Math for Students in Denver Charter Schools, Denver
Innovation Schools, and Denver TPS Compared to the State Average
Learning Gains by Year
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
[C] 0.16**
[C] 0.12**
[C] 0.07**
[I]0.16**
[I] 0.11**
[I] 0.06
[T] 0.08** [T] 0.10**
[T] 0.08**
-30
0
30
59
89
118
148
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
SY 2014-2015 SY 2015-2016 SY 2016-2017
Growth
(in
Days
of
Learning)
Growth
(in
Standard
Deviations)
* Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01
Charter Innovation TPS
*
Overall Denver
Charter Network Analysis
Learning Gains for Students in Denver Network-Affiliated Charter
Schools and Independent Denver Charter Schools Compared to the
State Average Learning Gains, by Subject
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
0.14**
0.07**
0.05
0.12**
-59
-30
0
30
59
89
118
-0.10
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
Denver Charter Network Denver Independent Charter
Growth
(in
Days
of
Learning)
Growth
(in
Standard
Deviations)
* Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01
Reading Math
Overall Denver
School-Level Performance by Sector
Click the buttons below for reading and math growth of individual Denver schools
relative to the state average by sector. The top cluster of dots shows where
individual charter schools lie on spectrum of growth, the middle cluster shows that
of Innovation schools, and the bottom cluster shows that of individual TPS.
School Growth
(Math)
School Growth
(Reading)
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
Overall Denver
School Growth by Sector - Reading
Distribution of Reading Learning Gains of Individual Denver Schools
Compared to the State Average Learning Gains
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
-0.60 -0.40 -0.20 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00
Growth (in Standard Deviations)
Charter
TPS
Innovation
Overall Denver
School Growth by Sector - Math
Distribution of Math Learning Gains of Individual Denver
Schools Compared to the State Average Learning Gains
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
-0.60 -0.40 -0.20 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00
Growth (in Standard Deviations)
Charter
TPS
Innovation
Overall Denver
Race Analysis
Hispanic
Students
Black
Students
Click the buttons below for graphs showing the performance of Black students in
Denver or Hispanic students in Denver relative to the statewide average learning
gains for students of the same race.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
Overall Denver
Race Analysis:
Black Students
Learning Gains for All Denver Black Students Compared to the Average
Learning Gains of Black Students Statewide, by Subject
Black
Students
by Sector
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of Black students in the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
0.05* 0.04*
-89
-59
-30
0
30
59
89
-0.15
-0.10
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
Growth
(in
Days
of
Learning)
Growth
(in
Standard
Deviations)
* Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01
Reading Math
Overall Denver
Race Analysis:
Black Students by Sector
Learning Gains for Black Charter School Students, Black Innovation
School Students, and Black TPS Students in Denver Compared to the
Average Learning Gains of Black Students Statewide, by Subject
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of Black students in the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
0.09**
0.06
0.02
0.07
0.03 0.03
-89
-59
-30
0
30
59
89
-0.15
-0.10
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
Denver Charter
Black Students
Denver Innovation
Black Students
Denver TPS
Black Students
Growth
(in
Days
of
Learning)
Growth
(in
Standard
Deviations)
* Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01
Reading Math
*
Overall Denver
Race Analysis:
Hispanic Students
Learning Gains for All Denver Hispanic Students Compared to the
Average Learning Gains of Hispanic Students Statewide, by Subject
Hispanic
Students
by Sector
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of Hispanic students in the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
0.08**
0.04*
-89
-59
-30
0
30
59
89
-0.15
-0.10
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
Growth
(in
Days
of
Learning)
Growth
(in
Standard
Deviations)
* Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01
Reading Math
Overall Denver
Race Analysis:
Hispanic Students by Sector
Learning Gains for Hispanic Charter School Students, Hispanic
Innovation School Students, and Hispanic TPS Students in Denver
Compared to the Average Learning Gains of Hispanic Students Statewide,
by Subject
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of Hispanic students in the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
0.12**
0.06
0.07**
0.05*
0.01
0.05*
-59
-30
0
30
59
89
118
-0.10
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
Denver Charter
Hispanic Students
Denver Innovation
Hispanic Students
Denver TPS
Hispanic Students
Growth
(in
Days
of
Learning)
Growth
(in
Standard
Deviations)
* Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01
Reading Math
Overall Denver
Subgroup Analyses
English
Language
Learner (ELL)
Status
Poverty Status
Special
Education Status
Click the buttons below for graphs showing the performance of Denver students
in poverty, Denver students with English Language Learner designation, or
Denver students receiving special education services relative to average learning
gains of students of the same subgroup statewide.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
Overall Denver
Subgroup Analyses:
Poverty Status Analysis
Learning Gains for All Denver Students in Poverty Compared to the
Average Learning Gains of Students in Poverty Statewide, by Subject
Poverty
Status
by Sector
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of students in poverty in the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
0.08**
0.04*
-89
-59
-30
0
30
59
89
-0.15
-0.10
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
Growth
(in
Days
of
Learning)
Growth
(in
Standard
Deviations)
* Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01
Reading Math
Overall Denver
Subgroup Analyses:
Poverty Status by Sector
Learning Gains for Denver Charter School Students in Poverty, Denver
Innovation School Students in Poverty, and Denver TPS Students in Poverty
Compared to the Average Learning Gains of Students in Poverty Statewide,
by Subject
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of students in poverty in the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
0.12**
0.07 0.07**
0.05*
0.02
0.05*
-59
-30
0
30
59
89
118
-0.10
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
Denver Charter
Students in Poverty
Denver Innovation
Students in Poverty
Denver TPS
Students in Poverty
Growth
(in
Days
of
Learning)
Growth
(in
Standard
Deviations)
* Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01
Reading Math
Overall Denver
Subgroup Analyses:
English Language Learner Status Analysis
Learning Gains for All ELL Students in Denver Compared to the Average
Learning Gains of ELL Students Statewide, by Subject
ELL
Status
by Sector
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of ELL students in the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
0.08**
0.03
-89
-59
-30
0
30
59
89
-0.15
-0.10
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
Growth
(in
Days
of
Learning)
Growth
(in
Standard
Deviations)
* Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01
Reading Math
Overall Denver
Subgroup Analyses:
English Language Learner Status by Sector
Learning Gains for ELL Students in Denver Charter Schools, ELL Students
in Denver Innovation Schools, and ELL Students in Denver TPS Compared
to the Average Learning Gains of ELL Students Statewide, by Subject
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of ELL students in the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
0.10**
0.05
0.08**
0.03
-0.02
0.05*
-89
-59
-30
0
30
59
89
-0.15
-0.10
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
Denver Charter
ELL Students
Denver Innovation
ELL Students
Denver TPS
ELL Students
Growth
(in
Days
of
Learning)
Growth
(in
Standard
Deviations)
* Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01
Reading Math
Overall Denver
Subgroup Analyses:
Special Education Status Analysis
Learning Gains for All Denver Students in Special Education Compared
to the Average Learning Gains of Students in Special Education
Statewide, by Subject
Special
Ed.
by Sector
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of students in Special Ed. in the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
0.06**
0.04*
-89
-59
-30
0
30
59
89
-0.15
-0.10
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
Growth
(in
Days
of
Learning)
Growth
(in
Standard
Deviations)
* Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01
Reading Math
Overall Denver
Subgroup Analyses:
Special Education Status by Sector
Learning Gains for Denver Charter School Students in Special Ed., Denver
Innovation School Students in Special Ed., and Denver TPS Students in
Special Ed. Compared to the Average Learning Gains of Students in Special
Ed. Statewide, by Subject
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of students in Special Ed. in the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
0.11**
0.06*
0.03
0.05
0.03
0.04
-59
-30
0
30
59
89
118
-0.10
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
Denver Charter
Students in Special Ed.
Denver Innovation
Students in Special Ed.
Denver TPS
Students in Special Ed.
Growth
(in
Days
of
Learning)
Growth
(in
Standard
Deviations)
* Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01
Reading Math
*
Overall Denver
Gender Analysis
Male
Students
Female
Students
Click the buttons below for graphs showing the performance of female students in
Denver or male students in Denver relative to statewide average learning gains
for the same gender.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
Overall Denver
Gender Analysis:
Female Students
Learning Gains for All Denver Female Students Compared to the
Average Learning Gains of Female Students Statewide, by Subject
Female
Students
by Sector
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of female students in the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
0.11**
0.07**
-59
-30
0
30
59
89
118
-0.10
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
Growth
(in
Days
of
Learning)
Growth
(in
Standard
Deviations)
* Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01
Reading Math
Overall Denver
Gender Analysis:
Female Students by Sector
Learning Gains for Female Charter School Students, Female Innovation
School Students, and Female TPS Students in Denver Compared to the
Average Learning Gains of Female Students Statewide, by Subject
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of female students in the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
0.13**
0.10* 0.10**
0.09**
0.06
0.08**
-59
-30
0
30
59
89
118
-0.10
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
Denver Charter
Female Students
Denver Innovation
Female Students
Denver TPS
Female Students
Growth
(in
Days
of
Learning)
Growth
(in
Standard
Deviations)
* Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01
Reading Math
Overall Denver
Gender Analysis:
Male Students
Learning Gains for All Denver Male Students Compared to the Average
Learning Gains of Male Students Statewide, by Subject
Male
Students
by Sector
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of male students in the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
0.11**
0.07**
-59
-30
0
30
59
89
118
-0.10
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
Growth
(in
Days
of
Learning)
Growth
(in
Standard
Deviations)
* Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01
Reading Math
Overall Denver
Gender Analysis:
Male Students by Sector
Learning Gains for Male Charter School Students, Male Innovation
School Students, and Male TPS Students in Denver compared to the
Average Learning Gains of Male Students Statewide, by Subject
The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of male students in the entire state.
These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017.
Sector Analysis
Race Analysis
Subgroup Analysis
Roadmap
for Graphs
Gender Analysis
• Charter Network
• School-Level
• Black Students
• Hispanic Students
• Poverty Status
• ELL Status
• Special Ed. Status
• Female Students
• Male Students
0.12**
0.10* 0.11**
0.05
0.07 0.08**
-59
-30
0
30
59
89
118
-0.10
-0.05
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
Denver Charter
Male Students
Denver Innovation
Male Students
Denver TPS
Male Students
Growth
(in
Days
of
Learning)
Growth
(in
Standard
Deviations)
* Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01
Reading Math
Overall Denver
Summary of Findings
The summary of the findings from the analysis of
Denver schools is presented here.

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Denver 2019 - City Study

  • 2. Acknowledgement • Student-level data were provided by the Colorado Department of Education. • RootED and Denver Public Schools assisted CREDO with verifying the list of public schools in Denver.
  • 3. This Report • This report on Denver is one in a series of studies examining school performance across selected U.S. cities. • Performance is defined as how much academic growth students made from one year to the next. • The performance of students in Denver is benchmarked to the state average, accounting for student characteristics. • We first track the growth of Denver overall and by sector using data from 2013-14 to 2016-17. • We then further explore how one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017 differs by sector, school type, race, poverty status, English language learner (ELL) status, special education status, and gender.
  • 4. Types of Charters • Charter Networks • Charter Management Organization (CMO): To qualify as a CMO, an organization must oversee the operation of at least three charter schools. Further, the CMO must be the charter holder for all of the schools operated by the CMO. • Education Management Organization (EMO): To qualify as an EMO, an organization must provide services under contract to at least three separate charter schools, but does not hold the charter for any school they serve. The EMO must answer to the school’s charter holder in addition to authorizers and state governance. • Independent Charter Schools • To qualify as an independent charter school, an organization must oversee the operation of a single charter school. The charter-holding organization may run the school directly or they may contract with an organization which provides services to one or two charter schools.
  • 5. Denver-Specific Analysis • The Denver City Report includes analysis for an additional sector: Innovation Schools. • Three types of innovation schools • District-run innovation schools: district-managed public schools with a strategic plan that allows waivers to specific district policies, state statutes, and collective bargaining agreements with the goal of improving student outcomes and executing with excellence a specific model • Innovation zone (iZone): a group of public innovation schools that share common interests and seek additional flexibility • Schools with innovation status in an Innovative Management Organization (IMO), which is group of public schools that share a model and are overseen by an executive principal, with the ability to leverage their resources across school sites • Learn more at: https://portfolio.dpsk12.org/dps-family-of-schools/
  • 6. Presentation of Results • The results display two sets of comparisons • The progress of Denver students is benchmarked against the state average learning gains, accounting for student characteristics. • Positive numbers represent better than average performance. • Negative numbers represent worse than average performance. • Significance in the difference between students in the city and the average state performance is represented by black asterisks. • The progress of charter school students within Denver is then compared to the performance of similar TPS students within Denver. • Significance in the difference between a student group in charter schools and the same student group in TPS is represented by colored asterisks.
  • 7. Measurement of Academic Growth • Results are graphically displayed on two axes: • The left axis indicates learning gains of Denver students relative to the average learning gains of students with similar characteristics in the state, measured in standard deviation units. • The right axis displays the same learning gains measured in days of learning. • The baseline of 0.00 represents 180 days of learning. • Positive performance translates to greater gains in days of learning. • Negative performance translates to fewer gains in days of learning. • The table below shows a transformation of standard deviation units to days of learning. Standard Deviations Days of Learning 0.05 30 0.10 59 0.15 89 0.20 118 0.25 148 0.30 177 0.35 207
  • 8. Roadmap for Graphs PRELIMINARY DRAFT 8 •Black Students •Hispanic Students Race •Poverty Status •English Language Learner Status •Special Education Status Subgroup •Female Students •Male Students Gender Overall Denver Results All Students Breakout by Further Breakout by This menu includes links to specific analyses throughout the report. In the following slides, the same menu is shown on the right-hand side. •Charter Network •School-Level Sector Comparison of Peers
  • 9. Denver Analysis: All Students Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students Average One-Year Learning Gains for All Denver Students Compared to the State Average Learning Gains, by Year and Subject Overall Denver The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in the Spring of each school year (SY). 0.10** 0.13** 0.11** 0.11** 0.11** 0.07** -30 0 30 59 89 118 148 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 SY 2014-2015 SY 2015-2016 SY 2016-2017 Growth (in Days of Learning) Growth (in Standard Deviations) * Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01 Reading Math
  • 10. Sector Analysis Sector Analysis (Math) Sector Analysis (Reading) Click the buttons below for reading and math growth of Denver schools relative to the state average learning gains by year and sector. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students Overall Denver
  • 11. Sector Analysis: Reading Learning Gains in Reading for Students in Denver Charter Schools, Denver Innovation Schools, and Denver TPS Compared to the State Average Learning Gains by Year The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in the Spring of each school year (SY). Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students [C] 0.23** [C] 0.16** [C] 0.12** [I]0.07 [I]0.18** [I]0.10* [T] 0.06** [T] 0.09** [T] 0.10** 0 30 59 89 118 148 177 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 SY 2014-2015 SY 2015-2016 SY 2016-2017 Growth (in Days of Learning) Growth (in Standard Deviations) * Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01 Charter Innovation TPS * * Overall Denver
  • 12. Sector Analysis: Math The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in the Spring of each school year (SY). Learning Gains in Math for Students in Denver Charter Schools, Denver Innovation Schools, and Denver TPS Compared to the State Average Learning Gains by Year Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students [C] 0.16** [C] 0.12** [C] 0.07** [I]0.16** [I] 0.11** [I] 0.06 [T] 0.08** [T] 0.10** [T] 0.08** -30 0 30 59 89 118 148 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 SY 2014-2015 SY 2015-2016 SY 2016-2017 Growth (in Days of Learning) Growth (in Standard Deviations) * Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01 Charter Innovation TPS * Overall Denver
  • 13. Charter Network Analysis Learning Gains for Students in Denver Network-Affiliated Charter Schools and Independent Denver Charter Schools Compared to the State Average Learning Gains, by Subject The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students 0.14** 0.07** 0.05 0.12** -59 -30 0 30 59 89 118 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 Denver Charter Network Denver Independent Charter Growth (in Days of Learning) Growth (in Standard Deviations) * Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01 Reading Math Overall Denver
  • 14. School-Level Performance by Sector Click the buttons below for reading and math growth of individual Denver schools relative to the state average by sector. The top cluster of dots shows where individual charter schools lie on spectrum of growth, the middle cluster shows that of Innovation schools, and the bottom cluster shows that of individual TPS. School Growth (Math) School Growth (Reading) Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students Overall Denver
  • 15. School Growth by Sector - Reading Distribution of Reading Learning Gains of Individual Denver Schools Compared to the State Average Learning Gains The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students -0.60 -0.40 -0.20 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 Growth (in Standard Deviations) Charter TPS Innovation Overall Denver
  • 16. School Growth by Sector - Math Distribution of Math Learning Gains of Individual Denver Schools Compared to the State Average Learning Gains The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students -0.60 -0.40 -0.20 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 Growth (in Standard Deviations) Charter TPS Innovation Overall Denver
  • 17. Race Analysis Hispanic Students Black Students Click the buttons below for graphs showing the performance of Black students in Denver or Hispanic students in Denver relative to the statewide average learning gains for students of the same race. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students Overall Denver
  • 18. Race Analysis: Black Students Learning Gains for All Denver Black Students Compared to the Average Learning Gains of Black Students Statewide, by Subject Black Students by Sector The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of Black students in the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students 0.05* 0.04* -89 -59 -30 0 30 59 89 -0.15 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 Growth (in Days of Learning) Growth (in Standard Deviations) * Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01 Reading Math Overall Denver
  • 19. Race Analysis: Black Students by Sector Learning Gains for Black Charter School Students, Black Innovation School Students, and Black TPS Students in Denver Compared to the Average Learning Gains of Black Students Statewide, by Subject The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of Black students in the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students 0.09** 0.06 0.02 0.07 0.03 0.03 -89 -59 -30 0 30 59 89 -0.15 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 Denver Charter Black Students Denver Innovation Black Students Denver TPS Black Students Growth (in Days of Learning) Growth (in Standard Deviations) * Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01 Reading Math * Overall Denver
  • 20. Race Analysis: Hispanic Students Learning Gains for All Denver Hispanic Students Compared to the Average Learning Gains of Hispanic Students Statewide, by Subject Hispanic Students by Sector The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of Hispanic students in the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students 0.08** 0.04* -89 -59 -30 0 30 59 89 -0.15 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 Growth (in Days of Learning) Growth (in Standard Deviations) * Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01 Reading Math Overall Denver
  • 21. Race Analysis: Hispanic Students by Sector Learning Gains for Hispanic Charter School Students, Hispanic Innovation School Students, and Hispanic TPS Students in Denver Compared to the Average Learning Gains of Hispanic Students Statewide, by Subject The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of Hispanic students in the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students 0.12** 0.06 0.07** 0.05* 0.01 0.05* -59 -30 0 30 59 89 118 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 Denver Charter Hispanic Students Denver Innovation Hispanic Students Denver TPS Hispanic Students Growth (in Days of Learning) Growth (in Standard Deviations) * Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01 Reading Math Overall Denver
  • 22. Subgroup Analyses English Language Learner (ELL) Status Poverty Status Special Education Status Click the buttons below for graphs showing the performance of Denver students in poverty, Denver students with English Language Learner designation, or Denver students receiving special education services relative to average learning gains of students of the same subgroup statewide. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students Overall Denver
  • 23. Subgroup Analyses: Poverty Status Analysis Learning Gains for All Denver Students in Poverty Compared to the Average Learning Gains of Students in Poverty Statewide, by Subject Poverty Status by Sector The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of students in poverty in the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students 0.08** 0.04* -89 -59 -30 0 30 59 89 -0.15 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 Growth (in Days of Learning) Growth (in Standard Deviations) * Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01 Reading Math Overall Denver
  • 24. Subgroup Analyses: Poverty Status by Sector Learning Gains for Denver Charter School Students in Poverty, Denver Innovation School Students in Poverty, and Denver TPS Students in Poverty Compared to the Average Learning Gains of Students in Poverty Statewide, by Subject The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of students in poverty in the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students 0.12** 0.07 0.07** 0.05* 0.02 0.05* -59 -30 0 30 59 89 118 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 Denver Charter Students in Poverty Denver Innovation Students in Poverty Denver TPS Students in Poverty Growth (in Days of Learning) Growth (in Standard Deviations) * Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01 Reading Math Overall Denver
  • 25. Subgroup Analyses: English Language Learner Status Analysis Learning Gains for All ELL Students in Denver Compared to the Average Learning Gains of ELL Students Statewide, by Subject ELL Status by Sector The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of ELL students in the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students 0.08** 0.03 -89 -59 -30 0 30 59 89 -0.15 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 Growth (in Days of Learning) Growth (in Standard Deviations) * Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01 Reading Math Overall Denver
  • 26. Subgroup Analyses: English Language Learner Status by Sector Learning Gains for ELL Students in Denver Charter Schools, ELL Students in Denver Innovation Schools, and ELL Students in Denver TPS Compared to the Average Learning Gains of ELL Students Statewide, by Subject The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of ELL students in the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students 0.10** 0.05 0.08** 0.03 -0.02 0.05* -89 -59 -30 0 30 59 89 -0.15 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 Denver Charter ELL Students Denver Innovation ELL Students Denver TPS ELL Students Growth (in Days of Learning) Growth (in Standard Deviations) * Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01 Reading Math Overall Denver
  • 27. Subgroup Analyses: Special Education Status Analysis Learning Gains for All Denver Students in Special Education Compared to the Average Learning Gains of Students in Special Education Statewide, by Subject Special Ed. by Sector The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of students in Special Ed. in the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students 0.06** 0.04* -89 -59 -30 0 30 59 89 -0.15 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 Growth (in Days of Learning) Growth (in Standard Deviations) * Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01 Reading Math Overall Denver
  • 28. Subgroup Analyses: Special Education Status by Sector Learning Gains for Denver Charter School Students in Special Ed., Denver Innovation School Students in Special Ed., and Denver TPS Students in Special Ed. Compared to the Average Learning Gains of Students in Special Ed. Statewide, by Subject The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of students in Special Ed. in the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students 0.11** 0.06* 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.04 -59 -30 0 30 59 89 118 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 Denver Charter Students in Special Ed. Denver Innovation Students in Special Ed. Denver TPS Students in Special Ed. Growth (in Days of Learning) Growth (in Standard Deviations) * Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01 Reading Math * Overall Denver
  • 29. Gender Analysis Male Students Female Students Click the buttons below for graphs showing the performance of female students in Denver or male students in Denver relative to statewide average learning gains for the same gender. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students Overall Denver
  • 30. Gender Analysis: Female Students Learning Gains for All Denver Female Students Compared to the Average Learning Gains of Female Students Statewide, by Subject Female Students by Sector The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of female students in the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students 0.11** 0.07** -59 -30 0 30 59 89 118 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 Growth (in Days of Learning) Growth (in Standard Deviations) * Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01 Reading Math Overall Denver
  • 31. Gender Analysis: Female Students by Sector Learning Gains for Female Charter School Students, Female Innovation School Students, and Female TPS Students in Denver Compared to the Average Learning Gains of Female Students Statewide, by Subject The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of female students in the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students 0.13** 0.10* 0.10** 0.09** 0.06 0.08** -59 -30 0 30 59 89 118 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 Denver Charter Female Students Denver Innovation Female Students Denver TPS Female Students Growth (in Days of Learning) Growth (in Standard Deviations) * Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01 Reading Math Overall Denver
  • 32. Gender Analysis: Male Students Learning Gains for All Denver Male Students Compared to the Average Learning Gains of Male Students Statewide, by Subject Male Students by Sector The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of male students in the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students 0.11** 0.07** -59 -30 0 30 59 89 118 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 Growth (in Days of Learning) Growth (in Standard Deviations) * Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01 Reading Math Overall Denver
  • 33. Gender Analysis: Male Students by Sector Learning Gains for Male Charter School Students, Male Innovation School Students, and Male TPS Students in Denver compared to the Average Learning Gains of Male Students Statewide, by Subject The 0.00 line represents the average learning gains of male students in the entire state. These results capture one-year academic growth for the period ending in Spring 2017. Sector Analysis Race Analysis Subgroup Analysis Roadmap for Graphs Gender Analysis • Charter Network • School-Level • Black Students • Hispanic Students • Poverty Status • ELL Status • Special Ed. Status • Female Students • Male Students 0.12** 0.10* 0.11** 0.05 0.07 0.08** -59 -30 0 30 59 89 118 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 Denver Charter Male Students Denver Innovation Male Students Denver TPS Male Students Growth (in Days of Learning) Growth (in Standard Deviations) * Significant at p < 0.05 ** Significant at p < 0.01 Reading Math Overall Denver
  • 34. Summary of Findings The summary of the findings from the analysis of Denver schools is presented here.