polycystic ovarian disease, It is a disease related to the female reproductive system and this ppt contains all aspects of these diseases.

1. PCOD
POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN
DISEASE
PRESENTED BY: SONALI RAJPUT
COURSE: MSC MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY 1st year
ENROLLMENT NUMBER: A13156216004

2. WHAT IS PCOD?
 Also called PCOD are polycystic ovarian
syndrome (PCOS) or Stein Leventhal Syndrome
 Patients suffering from polycystic ovarian
disease(PCOD) have multiple small cysts in
their ovaries.
 These cysts occur when the regular changes of
a normal menstrual cycle are disrupted.
 The ovary is enlarged and produces excessive
amounts of androgen and estrogenic hormones.

3. PCOD

4. CAUSES OF PCOD?
 Don’t really understand what causes PCOD,though
we do know that it has a significant hereditary
component
 Often transmitted from mothers to daughters
 Characteristic polycystic ovary emerges when a state
of anovulation persists for a length of time
 Patients with PCOD have persistently elevated levels
of androgen and estrogen which set up a vicious
cycle.
 Obesity can aggravate PCOD because fatty tissue are
hormonally active
 They produce estrogen which disrupts ovulation.

5. CAUSES OF PCOD?
 Overactive adrenal gland can also produce excess
androgens and these may also contribute to PCOD
 These women also have insulin resistance (high levels
of insulin in their blood because their cells do not
respond normally to insulin
LH
LH release (but ovarian
without a surge) initiating event? androgen
frequency of GnRH estrogen
Pulse

7. SYMPTOMS OF PCOD?
 Irregular menses
 Excess androgen levels (male hormone)
 Weight management difficulties including
weight gain or difficulty losing weight
 Excess of body and facial hairgrowth known as
hirsutism
 Sleep apnea
 High cholesterol level
 High blood pressure
 Skin tags
 Infertility

10. MORE SYMPTOMS OF PCOD!
 Fatigue
 Male pattern balding
 Insulin resistance
 Type 2 diabetes
 Pelvic pain
 Depression and anxiety
 Decreased libido

11. DIAGNOSIS
 Can be easily diagnosed in some patients
 Typical medical history is that of irregular
menstrual cycle,which are unpridictable and
can be very heavy and the need to take
hormonal tablets (progestins) to induce a
periods
 Not all patients with PCOD will have all or any of
these symptoms
 Diagnosis can be confirmed by
Vaginal utlrasound
Blood test
Elevated level of androgen

12. OCCULT PCOD?
 Thin irregular periods no hirsuitism & normal
looking ovaries on ultrasound but still have
PCOD
 This problems is detected only by when these
patients are superovulated,at which producing a
large number of follicles
 Interestingly many of these patients present
with recurrent pregnancy loss |(recurrent
miscarriage)
 Often their doctors does not make the correct
diagnosis for them

14. TREATMENT OF PCOD’S?
 Weightloss
 Ovulation induction
 Surgery
 IVF