CCS355 Neural Network & Deep Learning Unit II Notes with Question bank .pdf
Vikeshp
1. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This summer training is of an immense academic record and
value for the student of any professional course and for the
Engineering student who have to be in the industry with the
theoretical knowledge; this practical experience gives an extra
confidence in his performance.
With grateful heart I would like to remember the persons who
have helped me during the course of my internship program. I
wish to place on record my words of gratitude to Mr. Khushal
Sharma, HOD, Department of computer science Engineering at
Baldev Ram Mirdha Institute of Technology, Jaipur for his efforts
and for technical as well as moral support.
I would like to thanks the Mr. Sandeep Sharma, AEN Sharp track
that gave me the honor to complete my summer training in their
substation. I would like to thanks all the employees & associates
of sharp track jaipur who really helped me in understanding all
the functions and activities of the Substation from time to time.
Lastly I would like to thank all those who helped me in any
way in my summer training.
2. CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION
I hereby certify that the work which is being presented in the report
entitled “SHARP TRACK ” by VIKESH KUMAR PANDEY ” in partial
fulfillment of requirements for the award of degree of B.Tech.(3rd
year , Computer scienceEngg.) submitted in the department of
Computer scienceEngg. At Baldev Ram Mirdha Institute Of
Technology, Jaipur is an authentic record of my own work carried
out during a period from 26-05-2019 to 05-07-2019 under the
supervision of Mr. Sandeep Sharma (Executive Engg. Of sharp
track,Jaipur).
VIKESH KUMAR PANDEY
Signature of the student
The B.Tech(3rd Year, Computer Science Engg.) seminar presentation
of VIKESH KUMAR PANDEY has been held on ___________________
and accepted.
Signature of Internal Examiner
3. ABSTRACT
Today the world swiftly changing, there are multiple challenges faced
by us. Surely it is the knowledge thoroughly technology, which makes
us to overcomes them.
The technology seminar, which is an integral part of four years
engineering program provides a platform to all the students to
augment their professional study through practical revelation. It is
the time, which is effectively used by students to enhance their
interaction with technical atmosphere.
The technical seminar is obligatory as per university as per course
outline. This report is based on work done and theory gained during
analysis of the topic. The report basically introduces fundamentals of
topic in brief.
I hope, this report will make the learning of the facts are warding
experience and will have away for future study.
This report is true to bet of my knowledge
6. 1
Introduction of JAVA
Java is a popular programming language, created in
1995.
It is owned by Oracle, and more than 3 billion devices
run Java.
It is used for:
Mobile applications (specially Android apps)
Desktop applications
Web applications
Web servers and application servers
Games
Database connection
And much, much more!
7. 2
History Of Java:-
Java is a programming language created by JamesGosling
from Sun Microsystems (Sun) in 1991. The first publicly
available version of Java (Java 1.0) was released in 1995.
Sun Microsystems was acquired by the Oracle Corporation in
2010. Oracle has now the statesmanship for Java.
Over time new enhanced versions of Java have been released.
The current version of Java is Java 1.7 which is also known as
Java 7.
From the Java programming language the Java platform
evolved. The Java platform allows software developers to
write program code in other languages than the Java
programming language which still runs on the Java virtual
machine. The Java platform is usually associated with the Java
virtual machine and the Java core libraries.
Java and Open Source
In 2006 Sun started to make Java available under the GNU
General Public License (GPL). Oracle continues this project
called Open JDK.
Java virtual machine
The Java virtual machine (JVM) is a software implementation of a
computer that executes programs like a real machine.
The Java virtual machine is written specifically for a specific operating
system, e.g., for Linux a special implementation is required as well as
for Windows.
Characteristics of Java:-
8. 3
Small, Simple and Familiar
Platform Independent
Object Oriented Programming Concept
Compile and Interpreted
Robust and Secure
Distributed
Portable
Dynamic Binding
Multithreading Programming
Architecture Neutral
High Performance
Evolution Of Java:-
9. 4
At first glance, it may appear that Java was developed
specifically for the World Wide Web. However, interestingly
enough, Java was developed independently of the web, and
went through several stages of metamorphosis before reaching
its current status of programming language for the World
Wide Web.
According to Java FAQ, Bill Joy, currently a vice president
at Sun Microsystems, is widely believed to have been the
person to conceive of the idea of a programming language that
later became Java. In late 1970's, Joy wanted to design a
language that combined the best features of MESA and C.
Initially, they started to develop the project in C++,
but they faced many problems as they tried to extend the C++
compiler. During that time, James Gosling started working on
a new language called Oak which was later in 1995 renamed
as Java. Why Oak? Oak is a symbol of strength and
choosen as a national tree of many countries like U.S.A,
Germany etc.
10. 5
There have been significant changes to Java since the first
version, called JDK 1.0, was released. Newer versions of Java
include 1.5 and 1.6 (also known as Java 5 and Java 6,
respectively). Many features in the original version are no
longer used. The language has grown much bigger as new
features have been introduced in subsequent versions.
Examples include the Swing and Java 2D graphical toolkits
introduced in Java 2, and the generics framework
introduced in Java 5.
11. 6
Why Java Technology??
Write Once, Run Anywhere as the core value
proposition of the Java platform. Translated from business
jargon, this means that the most important promise of Java
technology is that you only have to write your application
once--for the Java platform--and then you'll be able to run
anywhere.
Security The Java platform allows users to download
untrusted code over a network and run it in a secure
environment in which it cannot do any harm: it cannot
infect the host system with a virus, cannot read or write
files from the hard drive, and so forth. This capability
alone makes the Java platform unique
Network-centric Programming The designers of the
Java platform believed in the importance of networking
and designed the Java platform to be network-centric.
From a programmer's point of view, Java makes it
unbelievably easy to work with resources across a
network and to create network-based applications using
client/server or multitier architectures.
Dynamic, Extensible Programs Java is both dynamic
and extensible. Java code is organized in modular object-
oriented units called classes.
Performance Java programs are compiled to a portable
intermediate form known as byte codes, rather than to
native machine-language instructions.
12. 7
Java Basic:-
In every programming language we start with hello world
program .Now let us see hello world program in Java.
//
public class MyFirstJavaProgram
{
public static void main(String []args) {
System.out.println("Hello World");
}
}
//
Some important points while designing a Java program
Case Sensitivity Java is case sensitive which means
identifier Hello and hello would have different meaning in
Java. Class Names - For all class names the first letter should
be in Upper Case. If several words are used to form a name of
the class each inner words first letter should be in Upper Case.
Example class MyFirstJavaClass
13. 8
Method Names All method names should start with a
Lower Case letter. If several words are used to form the name
of the method, then each inner word's first letter should be in
Upper Case.
Example public void myMethodName ()
Program File Name - Name of the program file should
exactly match the class name. When saving the file you
should save it using the class name (Remember java is case
sensitive) and append '.java' to the end of the name. (if the file
name and the class name do not match your program will not
compile).
Example- Assume 'MyFirstJavaProgram' is the class name.
Then the file should be saved as
'MyFirstJavaProgram.java'
public static void main(String args[]) - java program
processing starts from the main() method which is a
mandatory part of every java program.
14. 9
Java Identifier:-
All Java components require names. Names
used for classes, variables and methods are called identifiers.
In java there are several points to remember about identifiers.
They are as follows:
All identifiers should begin with a letter (A to Z or a to
z), currency character ($) or an underscore (_).
After the first character identifiers can have any
combination of characters.
A key word cannot be used as an identifier.
Identifiers are case sensitive.
Examples of legal identifiers: age, $salary, _value, __1_value
Examples of illegal identifiers: 123abc, -salary
Java Keyboards:-
These reserved words may not be used as constant or variable or any other
identifier names. Java has about 49 keywords.
15. 10
Java Loops:-
Java has very flexible three looping mechanisms. You
can use one of the following three loops:
while Loop
do...while Loop
for Loop
Syntax
while loop
while(Boolean_expression)
{
//Statements
}
for loop
for(initialization; Boolean_expression; update)
{
/ /Statements
}
do while
do
{
//Statements
}
while(Boolean_expression);
16. 11
Java Method :-
A Java method is a collection of statements that are grouped
together to perform an operation. When you call the
System.out.println method, for example, the system actually
executes several statements in order to display a message on
the console.
Syntax:-
modifier returnValueTypemethodName(list of parameters)
{ // Method body; }
A method definition consists of a method header and a
method body. Here are all the parts of a method:-
The modifier, which is optional, tells the compiler how to call the
method. This defines the access type of the method.
A method may return a value. The returnValueType is the data
type of the value the method returns.
This is the actual name of the method. The method name and the
parameter list together constitute the method signature
Method Body: The method body contains a collection of
statements that define what the method does.
17. 12
Classes And Object:-
Writing object-oriented programs involves creating classes,
creating objects from those classes, and creating applications,
which are stand-alone executable programs that use those
objects. A class is a template, blueprint, or contract that
defines what an object’s data fields and methods will be.
What is an Object?
An object is an instance of a class. So we can create many
instances of a class.
Objects are key to understanding object-oriented technology.
Look around right now and you'll find many examples of real-
world objects: your dog, your desk, your television set, your
bicycle.
What is Class?
A class is a template, blueprint, or contract that defines what
an object’s data fields and methods will be.
In the real world, you'll often find many individual objects all
of the same kind. There may be thousands of other bicycles in
existence, all of the same make and model.
A class is the blueprint from which individual objects are
created.
18. 13
What is Inheritance?
Object-oriented programming allows classes to inherit
commonly used state and behavior from other classes.
In the Java programming language, each class is allowed to
have one direct superclass, and each superclass has the
potential for an unlimited.
What is Encapsulation?
Encapsulation is a mechanism where the data and the code
that acts on the data will bind together.
Forexample:-if we take a class we write the variable and
methods inside the class .Thus class is binding them together
So class is an example of encapsulation.
19. 14
What is Polymorphism?
The polymorphism represents the ability to assume several
forms. In Java we can use the single variable to refer to
objects of different types and thus using that variable we can
all the methods of the different objects.Thus a method call can
perform different tasks depending upon the type of objects.
Polymorphism provides flexibility in writing programs in
such way that the programmer uses same method call to
perform different operation depending upon the requirements.
What is Abstraction?
Abstraction refer to act of representing only those information
which are necessary while hiding details of the program.The
main advantage of Abstraction is that every user will get view
of data according to his needs while hiding the details of the
project ,which might confused him when he see the whole
data as whole
Mostly all object oriented language support Data Abstraction
Like Java ,C++. support Data Abstraction Like Java ,C++.
Java Exception Handling Techniques :-
An exception is a problem that arises during the execution of
a program. An exception can occur for many different
reasons, including the following:
A user has entered invalid data.
A file that needs to be opened cannot be found.
A network connection has been lost in the middle of
communications or the JVM has run out of memory.
20. 15
In java exception handling are two types:-
A checked exceptionis an exception that is typically a user error
or a problem that cannot be foreseen by the programmer. For
example, if a file is to be opened, but the file cannot be found, an
exception occurs. These exceptions cannot simply be ignored at the
time of compilation.
A runtime exceptionis an exception that occurs that probably
could have been avoided by the programmer. As opposed to checked
exceptions, runtime exceptions are ignored at the time of compilation.
Exception Hierarchy
All exception classes are subtypes of the java.lang.Exception
class. The exception class is a subclass of the Throwable
class. Other than the exception class there is another subclass
called Error which is derived from the Throwable class.
The Exception class has two main subclasses:-
IOException class
RuntimeException Class
21. 16
Java I/O Package:-
The java.io package contains nearly every class you might
ever need to perform input and output (I/O) in Java. All these
streams represent an input source and an output destination.
The stream in the java.io package supports many data such as
primitives, Object, localized characters, etc.
A stream can be defined as a sequence of data. The
InputStream is used to read data from a source and the
OutputStream is used for writing data to a destination.
Java does provide strong, flexible support for I/O as it relates
to files and networks .
Java Database Connectivity:-
The JDBC API is a Java API that can access any kind of
tabular data, especially data stored in a Relational Database.
JDBC helps you to write Java applications that manage these
three programming activities
Connect to a data source, like a database
Send queries and update statements to the database
Retrieve and process the results received from the
database in answer to your query
JDBC includes four components:
The JDBC API –
The JDBC™ API provides programmatic access to relational data
from the Java™ programming language.
22. 17
JDBC Driver Manager :-
The JDBC DriverManager class defines objects which can connect
Java applications to a JDBC driver.
DriverManager has traditionally been the backbone of the JDBC
architecture.
JDBC Test Suite :-
The JDBC driver test suite helps you to determine that JDBC drivers
will run your program.
JDBC-ODBC Bridge :-
The Java Software bridge provides JDBC access via ODBC drivers.
JDBC Connectivity Model:-
24. 19
JAVA GUI :-
A program's graphical user interface (GUI) presents an easy-to-use
visual display to the user. It is made up of graphical components
(e.g., buttons, labels, windows) through which the user can interact
with the page or application. To make graphical user interfaces
in Java, use either Swing (older applications) or JavaFX
What are Java GUI applications?
A Java GUI application uses the standard Java components
GUI component set, Swing, and is deployed to the desktop.
The Swing GUI Builder in NetBeans IDE simplifies the GUI
development process and enables you to visually create Java
GUI applications using pre-installed Swing and AWT
components.
JavaFX is a rich set of graphics and media packages that
enables developers to design, create, test, debug, and deploy
rich client applications (RIAs) that behave consistently across
multiple platforms.
Swings :-
Swing is a GUI widget toolkit for Java.[1]
It is part
of Oracle's Java Foundation Classes (JFC) – an API for
providing a graphical user interface (GUI) for Java programs.
Swing was developed to provide a more sophisticated set of
GUI components than the earlier Abstract Window Toolkit
(AWT).
25. 20
Swing provides a look and feel that emulates the look and feel
of several platforms, and also supports a pluggable look and
feel that allows applications to have a look and feel unrelated
to the underlying platform. It has more powerful and flexible
components than AWT
Example Swing widgets in Java:-
26. 21
CONCLUSION
Java are excellent programming languages in their own right.
Which one to use for web development is a question that can
be answered by understanding particular project needs?
Before the start of this project I was knowing Core Java but
when I start this project ,I faced many problem which arised
due usage of external library apart from java Standard
Library.
At the end I can gained vast experienced from this summer
training And every student should summer training seriously.
