how international criminal court has been seen to colonize Africa

1. POLITICS OF ICC IN
AFRICA
PCS 304

2. OUTLINE
 Introduction
 History of ICC
 Roles of ICC
 ICC in Africa
 Case study of Kenya and Sudan
 Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION
 International criminal court (ICC), is the court responsible for
prosecuting the people who have committed crimes against
humanity.
 ICC have been considered to be biased when dealing with
crimes in Africa and also in the other parts of the world.
 ICC have been criticized of colonizing African states and
targeting more the Africa continent in dealing with the issues
of crime in the world

4. HISTORY
 ICC was established after the second world war and mostly was
established so as to prosecute those who committed crimes which
are against humanity.
 The court was established to judge political leaders accused of
international crimes.
 It was first proposed in 1919 during the Paris peace conference
following the First World War.
 It was again proposed in 1939 during the League of Nations in
Geneva.
 It never entered into a force since it was only signed by 13 states
and were not ratified.

5. HISTORY CONT.
 After the second world war in 1948, two tribunals were formed.
 One in Germany
 The other one in Japan
 They were formed to prosecute the leaders who were involved in the
war.
 After these, leaders show the need for a permanent international
court to prosecute individuals who were involved in the crimes
against humanity.
 Two statutes were drafted.
 In 1993 and in 1994, two tribunals were created in Yugoslavia and
Rwanda following the genocide.

6. HISTORY CONT.
 This triggered the formation of a permanent court to deal with atrocities in the
world..
 And in 1998, the Rome statute was finalized and was voted by 120 by 7.
 The countries that voted against were;
 China
 Israel
 Libya
 Qatar
 United states
 Yemen

7. Hist.
 The Office of the Prosecutor has opened ten official
investigations and is also conducting an additional eleven
preliminary examinations. Thus far, 39 individuals have been
indicted in the ICC, including Ugandan rebel leader Joseph
Kony, Sudanese president Omar al-Bashir, Kenyan
president Uhuru Kenyatta Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi ,
Ivorian president Laurent Gbagbo, and Congolese vice-
president Jean-Pierre Bemba.
 The Court issued its first judgment in 2012 when it found
Congolese rebel leader Thomas Lubanga Dyilo guilty of war
crimes related to using child soldiers.

8. Roles of ICC
Roles in genocide activities
 Killing members of a group
 Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the
group
 Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life
calculated to bring about its physical destruction
 Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the
group
 Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group

9. Role cont.
Roles in crimes against humanity
 murder
 Extermination
 Enslavement
 Deportation or forcible transfer of population
 Imprisonment or other severe deprivation of physical liberty
 Torture
 Rape
 Sexual slavery

10. Roles cont.
 Invasion or attack by armed forces against territory
 Military occupation of territory
 Annexation of territory
 Bombardment against territory
 Use of any weapons against territory
 Blockade of ports or coasts
 Attack on the land, sea, or air forces or marine and air fleets

11. ICC AND AFRICA
 AU not supporting it
 Biased on some African states
 Targeting African countries more
 Threatening states leaders and political leaders

12. CASE STUDY OF KENYA
 Ocampo six
 Leaders choosing choice and support
 Uhuru and Ruto case
 2013 elections

13. SUDAN CASE STUDY
 President Omar Hussan threat
 Oman Hussan and Malawi president Joyce Banda
 Malawi and AU

14. CONCLUSION