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DSSC Slide Presentation
1. THE IMPACT OF EARLY TRANSITION METAL-BASED
CATALYSTS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF I-/I3– REDOX
COUPLES IN DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS.
Kavirath Jain
Christopher Zhen
Maxwell Tucker
North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics
3. Introduction | Experiment | Results | Analysis | Conclusions
THE CATALYST PROBLEM
• Platinum
• Very Expensive and Rare
• Directly Responsible for Efficiency
• Not suitable for new organic and even some inorganic couples
• Undermines idea behind the cost effective DSSC
4. Introduction | Experiment | Results | Analysis | Conclusions
EARLY TRANSITION METALS – THE NEW FRONTIER
• Early Transition Metals (ETM) Properties
• Covalent Character
• Ionic Character
• Electrically/Thermally Conductive
• Pt-like Catalytic Activity
• Cost Effective
• Current Research
• Early Transition Metal Carbides, Nitrides, Oxides, Sulfides (CNOS)
• Our Proposition
• Test some more novel ETM CNOS
• Test insoluble hydroxide
• Focus on Cost-Effectiveness
12. Introduction | Experiment | Results | Analysis | Conclusions
CONCLUSIONS
• More effort is needed to improve efficiencies
• Yttrium (III) Oxide minimizes cell degradation
• High potential for cost effective replacements for Platinum
• Yttrium (III) Oxide
• Molybdenum (VI) Oxide
• Cadmium Sulfide
13. Introduction | Experiment | Results | Analysis | Conclusions
FUTURE WORK
• Other ETM CNOS catalysts
• Other redox couples
• More trials for current catalysts
• Investigate Cell Degradation
• Synergistic Approach
• Mesoporous Carbon
• Combinations of ETM CNOS
14. Acknowledgments and References
WORKS CITED
• Emery, K. a., & Osterwald, C. R. (1986). Solar cell efficiency measurements. Solar Cells, 17(2-3), 253–274.
doi:10.1016/0379-6787(86)90016-5
• Kim, J.-Y., Lee, J.-K., Han, S.-B., Lee, Y.-W., & Park, K.-W. (2010). Improved Tri-iodide Reduction Reaction of Co-
TMPP/C as a Non-Pt Counter Electrode in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Journal of Electrochemical Science and
Technology, 1(2), 75–80. doi:10.5229/jecst.2010.1.2.075
• Law, M., Greene, L. E., Johnson, J. C., Saykally, R., & Yang, P. (2005). Nanowire dye-sensitized solar cells. Nature
materials, 4(6), 455–9. doi:10.1038/nmat1387
• Study on the Kinetics of the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Molybdates.pdf. (n.d.).
• Wang, L., Diau, E. W.-G., Wu, M., Lu, H.-P., & Ma, T. (2012). Highly efficient catalysts for Co(II/III) redox couples in
dye-sensitized solar cells. Chemical communications (Cambridge, England), 48(20), 2600–2.
doi:10.1039/c2cc17389a
• Wang, M., Anghel, A. M., Ha, N. C., & Pootrakulchote, N. (2009). CoS Supersedes Pt as Efficient Electrocatalyst for
Triiodide Reduction in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells, 15976–15977.
• Wu, M., Lin, X., Hagfeldt, A., & Ma, T. (2011). A novel catalyst of WO2 nanorod for the counter electrode of dye-
sensitized solar cells. Chemical communications (Cambridge, England), 47(15), 4535–7. doi:10.1039/c1cc10638d
• Wu, M., Lin, X., Wang, Y., Wang, L., Guo, W., Qi, D., Peng, X., et al. (2012). Economical Pt-free catalysts for counter
electrodes of dye-sensitized solar cells. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 134(7), 3419–28.
doi:10.1021/ja209657v
• Wu, M., Wang, Y., Lin, X., Yu, N., Wang, L., Wang, L., Hagfeldt, A., et al. (2011). Economical and effective sulfide
catalysts for dye-sensitized solar cells as counter electrodes. Physical chemistry chemical physics PCCP, 13(43),
:
19298–301. doi:10.1039/c1cp22819f
•
15. Acknowledgments and References
SPECIAL THANKS
• Dr. Myra Halpin
• NCSSM Research in Chemistry Program
• Research done by Nguyen, Pan, Rathod
• NCSSM Physics Department
