BRIEF OVERVIEW OF PNEUMONIA

1. PNEUMONIA
Presented by HARRIET NAADU LARTEY
KUC-RAD/20/0028
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2. DEFINITION
An infection of the air sacs in
one or both the lungs.
Characterized by severe cough
with phlegm, fever, chills and
difficulty in breathing.
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3. Cause of Pneumonia
• Viruses
• Bacteria
• Fungi
Pneumonia is caused by a bacteria called streptococcus pneumoniae
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4. pathophysiology
- The bacteria is inhaled through the
airways and attaches itself to the walls
of the respirator tract.
- It causes inflammation of the air sacs of
the lungs.
- The alveoli are then filled with fluid or
pus making it difficult to breath.
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5. Mode of transmission
• Pneumonia is a contagious disease.
• Pneumonia is spread when droplets of fluid containing the
pneumonia bacteria or virus are launched in the air when
someone coughs or sneezes and then inhaled by others
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6. Classification
• HAP – Hospital Acquired Pneumonia
Acquired during hospital stay more serious bacterial may be more
resistance to antibiotic.
• CAP - Acquired Outside Medication or Institutional Setting.
• VAP – Ventillator Associated Pneumonia.
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7. Risk factors
• Pneumonia affects all but children and the aged are predisposed due
to immune suppression.
- Smoking
- Chronic lung diseases
- Being hospitalized
- Poor hygeine
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8. Signs and symptoms of pneumonia
• Chest pain Dyspnea
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9. Chills fever
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10. INVESTIGATIONS
X-RAY
- Chest x-ray
Pneumonia infection may not be detected by x-ray in its early stages.
White spots (infiltrates) are seen on the lung tissues which indicates an
infection.
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13. •THANK YOU
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