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The Solar System 
• 1 star 
• 9 8 planets 
• 63 (major) moons 
• asteroids, comets, meteoroids
Inner Planets 
•Mercury, Venus, Earth 
and Mars 
•Close to Sun 
•Smaller 
•Rocky, solid surfaces 
•High densities 
•Slow rotation 
•No rings 
•Few moons 
Outer Planets 
•Jupiter, Saturn, 
Uranus, and Neptune 
•Far from Sun 
•Larger 
•Gaseous surface 
•Low densities 
•Fast rotation 
•Many rings 
•Many moons
Terrestrial planets
Jovian planets (and earth)
Asteroids - rocks with sizes greater than 100m across 
Three asteroids 
hit the Earth 
every 1 million 
years!
Known asteroid impact sites
Meteors –– interplanetary 
rocky material smaller than 
100m (down to grain size). 
•called a meteor as it burns 
in the Earth’’s atmosphere 
•if it makes it to the ground, 
it is a meteorite
Comets 
Dirty snowballs - dust and rock in methane, ammonia and ice 
All light is reflected from the Sun - the comet makes no light of its own 
Halley’s Comet in 1986 
The nucleus is a few km in diameter
Comets 
Dirty snowballs - dust and rock in methane, ammonia and ice 
All light is reflected from the Sun - the comet makes no light of its own 
Halley’s Comet in 1986 
The nucleus is a few km in diameter

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Solar system

  • 1. The Solar System • 1 star • 9 8 planets • 63 (major) moons • asteroids, comets, meteoroids
  • 2.
  • 3. Inner Planets •Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars •Close to Sun •Smaller •Rocky, solid surfaces •High densities •Slow rotation •No rings •Few moons Outer Planets •Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune •Far from Sun •Larger •Gaseous surface •Low densities •Fast rotation •Many rings •Many moons
  • 6. Asteroids - rocks with sizes greater than 100m across Three asteroids hit the Earth every 1 million years!
  • 8. Meteors –– interplanetary rocky material smaller than 100m (down to grain size). •called a meteor as it burns in the Earth’’s atmosphere •if it makes it to the ground, it is a meteorite
  • 9. Comets Dirty snowballs - dust and rock in methane, ammonia and ice All light is reflected from the Sun - the comet makes no light of its own Halley’s Comet in 1986 The nucleus is a few km in diameter
  • 10. Comets Dirty snowballs - dust and rock in methane, ammonia and ice All light is reflected from the Sun - the comet makes no light of its own Halley’s Comet in 1986 The nucleus is a few km in diameter