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United Nations Supervision Mission in Syria (UNSMIS)
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- 1. ECUADORIAN PEACEKEEPING SCHOOL UEMPE
- 2. United Nations Supervision Mission in Syria (UNSMIS) Presented by: CAPT. MARCO GRANJA CAPT. PEDRO AYALA
- 3. SUMMARY ● Geographical situation ● Antecedents of the conflict ● Organization of the mission ● Establishment and function of the mission ● Mandate analysis. ● Security situations. ● Statistics ● Conclusion ● Recommendation
- 5. Geographical situation ● WEST: borders Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea. ● NORTH: Turkey. ● EAST: Iraq. ● SOUTH: Jordan ● SOUTH WEST: Israel.
- 6. Geographical situation ● President: Bashar al-Assad (since 2000) ● Population of Syria: 19’929,000 - 54th most populous country ● Area of Syria: 185.180 km2 ● High: Jabal el-Sheikh 2,814 m (9,232 ft) ● Low: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
- 7. Antecedents of the conflict
- 8. Antecedents of the conflict
- 9. Organization of the Mission 300 military observers 121 Civilian Staff Administration Staff Human Rights Civilian affairs Major General Robert Mood
- 10. Establishment and function of the mission Around population centres Patrolling was conducted in those areas Military monitoring and civilian interactions.
- 11. Establishment and function of the mission Access to incident locations or conflict was, on multiple occasions. Hostile actions towards observers. An incident outside Al-Haffah On 15 June, the Mission suspended its normal operations in light of the violence.
- 12. Mandate Analysis To monitor a cessation of armed violence in all its forms by all parties Initial period of 90 days To monitor and support the full implementation of the Envoy’s six-point plan Security Council resolution 2043 ,21 April 2012,
- 13. Security situations Ballistic missiles against civilians Chemical weapons Effects on Syria's neighbors
- 14. Security situations Imposing their ways on the civilian population (ISIS and HESBOLLA)
- 16. Statistics
- 17. Statistics
- 18. Statistics
- 19. Conclusions ● 140.000 casualties ● 2,5 million of refugees ● 6 million of displace ● Method of financing: Assessment in respect of a Special Account ● Approved budget: Initial authorization of $16.8 million
- 20. RECOMENDATIONS The expansion of military observation capacity or the addition of an armed protection element. Peace enforcement
- 21. QUESTIONS??
- 22. THANKS
Editor's Notes
- With a record rapid deployment, UNSMIS was fully operational on 30 May. As at 30 June,
- UNSMIS operations focused in and around population centres, in relation to both military monitoring and civilian interactions. To consolidate the cessation of violence, saturated patrolling was conducted in those areas, together with visits to conflict-prone and incident-specific areas for fact-finding and tension defusing purposes. A system of transparent violation reporting was also put in place.
- hostile towards observers on several occasions. As living conditions deteriorated, popular expectations grew that the presence of the United Nations military observers would result in a cessation of violence and provide protection to civilians ncident outside Al-Haffah, in which UNSMIS vehicles were blocked and damaged by a crowd and then fired upon by unknown persons, during attempts by observers to reach the tow On 20 July, the Security Council extended UNSMIS for a final period of 30 days. According to resolutionS/RES/2059, the Council would only consider further extensions to the mission ‘’in the event that the Secretary-General reports and the Security Council confirms the cessation of the use of heavy weapons and a reduction in the level of violence sufficient by all sides' to allow the UNSMIS monitors to implement their mandate. The two conditions set by the Council were not met. This was reported in a Secretary-General’s letter to the Security Council on 10 August, in which he also set forth his observations on the future work of the United Nations in Syria. UNSMIS mandate came to an end at midnight on 19 August 2012.
- UNSMIS Mandate Under the terms of resolution 2043 of 21 April 2012, the Security Council established a United Nations Supervision Mission in Syria (UNSMIS), for an initial period of 90 days, under the command of a Chief Military Observer, comprising an initial deployment of up to 300 unarmed military observers as well as an appropriate civilian component to fulfil the following mandate: • To monitor a cessation of armed violence in all its forms by all parties; • To monitor and support the full implementation of the Envoy’s six-point plan . The Council called on the Syrian government to ensure the effective operation of UNSMIS by: facilitating the expeditious and unhindered deployment of its personnel and capabilities; ensuring its full, unimpeded, and immediate freedom of movement and access as necessary to fulfil its mandate; allowing its unobstructed communications; and allowing it to freely and privately communicate with individuals throughout Syria without retaliation against any person as a result of interaction with UNSMIS. The Council also decided that the Mission shall be deployed expeditiously subject to assessment by the Secretary-General of relevant developments on the ground, including the consolidation of the cessation of violence. Full text of Security Council resolution 2043 . On 15 June 2012, UNSMIS suspended its activities owing to an intensification of armed violence across the country. This suspension was to be reviewed on a daily basis. On 20 July 2012, the Security Council extended UNSMIS for a final period of 30 days. According to resolution 2059, the Council would only consider further extensions to the mission ‘’in the event that the Secretary-General reports and the Security Council confirms the cessation of the use of heavy weapons and a reduction in the level of violence sufficient by all sides' to allow UNSMIS to implement its mandate. As the conditions set by the Council had not been met, UNSMIS mandate ended at midnight on 19 August 2012