Its about challenges faced during academic writing. Its showing examples and various points on how to write with rules and norms. It is helpful for everyone engaged in teaching and learning process.

1. M.A- Education
Unit 4-(A) Challenges of Academic
Writing
Dr.Manisha Tyagi
BTTC,Colaba, HSNC Mumbai

2. Meaning of ACEDEMIC WRITING
• Writing which communicates ideas,
• Information and
• Research to the wider academic community.
Two Types of ACEDEMIC WRITING
• Student AW ( What,Audience,Purpose)
• Expert AW (’’ ‘’)
Standards and requirements are same for both

8. Challenges of Academic Writing
 knowledge of Structure of AW
 Lack of evidences in AW
 Critical approach involved in AW
 Command over language
 knowledge of maintaining balance in AW
 Objectivity
 Formal Language

9. AW should have a clear structure
 Report-Introduction, Method, Results, Discussion
 Essay- Introduction,Body,Conclusion
 Many more types such as-Literature Review,Dissertation,Research proposal
Well structured also means AW should be –
 Coherent(Logical sequence of ideas)
 Cohesive(Transition Signals)
 Clear Focus( What you are writing)
KNOWLEDGE OF STRUCTURE OF ACADEMIC WRITING

10. Lack of Evidences
Opinions and arguments
should be supported by
evidences in AW:
Facts
Citations
Reasons
Statistics
Examples
Find out evidences in this
paragraph.

12. Critical Approach
Academic Writing does not simply describe but
information should be analyzed evaluated and
writer should make judgements about it.
Critical writing requires a great deal of research.

13. Command Over Language
( Preciseness)
 Aw should use clear and precise
language.
 Subject specific or technical
vocabulary should be used.
 You need to define such vocabulary if
needed.

14. knowledge of maintaining balance in AW
Aw should consider all issues and should not be
biased.
The claims of Academic writer should be strong.
To achieve this we can use Hedges and boosters.

15. knowledge of Hedges and Boosters

16. Objectivity
In Academic Writing emphasis is given on the information and
arguments and not on the writer.
I heated the water. (Passive) The water was heated.
In my opinion ( Impersonal structure ) It can be seen that

17. Use of Formal Language
AW uses more complex words and sentences and must avoid
informal words.
There is AWL and ACL academic vocabulary list.
For Example- Significant, Considerable, Clearly etc.
Formal Vocabulary such as-Dads- Fathers
Like-Such as,3- Three, significant etc.

18. Awareness about Rules
• Formal Verbs
• Formal Vocabulary
• Use Full form
• Use statements
• Avoid personal pronouns
• Cite your resources
• Use tentative language- may, appear, may be
• Be precise
• Use formal grammar