Ccna lec1

1. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
ITE PC v4.0
Chapter 1 1
CCNA
Cisco Certified Network Associate

2. ITE PC v4.0
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© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Course Introduction

3. ITE PC v4.0
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© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Cisco Career Certifications
Professional
CCIE
CCNP
CCNA
Associate Associate Level: CCNA ( Cisco Certified Network Associate )
Three Levels of Certification
Expert
Professional Level: CCNP ( Cisco Certified Network Professional )
Expert Level: CCIE (Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert)

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Cisco Different Certifications Fields
CCIE Routing
and Switching
CCNP
CCNA
Network Implementation Network Design
CCDA
CCNP
CCDA
or
CCNA
CCIE
Service Provider
CCIP
CCNA
Network Service Provider
CCIE
Security
CCSP
CCNA
Network Security Voice Networks
CCIE
Service Provider
CCIP
CCNA
Storage Networking
CCIE
Voice
CCVP
CCNA CCNA
None
CCIE
Storage Networking

5. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
ITE PC v4.0
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Course Topics
Computer Network

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Lecture 1  Network introduction
Lecture 2  OSI layer
Lecture 3  Network layer (ICMP ,ARP)
Lecture 4
 The difference between the router, switch and the rest of the linking
devices & Network Device Domains (Collision Domains ,Broadcast
Domains)
 Describe switching concepts (MAC learning, Frame flooding, MAC
address table)
Lecture 5  IP-V4 Addressing
Lecture 6  Subnetting
Lecture 7  Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM)
Lecture 8  Route Summarization
Lecture 9  Router components & Router Access & Router Configuration
Lecture 10  Cisco Router and switch Password Setting & Configuring a banner &
Remote Access Telnet
Lecture 11  Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) & DHCP Operation &
Configuring a Cisco Router as a DHCP Server & DHCP Relay Agent
Lecture 12

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Week 8 Midterm
Week 14  Practical Exam
Exam Schedule
Grading Policy
Points Description
90 Final exam
20 Midterm
10 Section
15 Practical Exam
15 Activity
150 Total

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ITE PC v4.0
Chapter 1 8
Communicating over the
Network
Network Fundamentals

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Objectives
1. Network definition.
2. Network components.
3. Network Types
4. Network topologies.
5. Cabling.

10. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
ITE PC v4.0
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Network definition
Network Fundamentals

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• Network:
Group of components or devices which are connected
together to give the user a certain service (application).
1- Network definition

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Importance of Networks
Data network is a result of business need.
–Easy access and sharing of information (share data)
–Sharing of expensive devices and network
resources (cost)
–Modern Technologies (IP telephony, Video
Conferencing, ….etc)

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2- Network components
• Network has three main components
 End devices (servers and hosts)
- Source of applications (network aware applications)
- ex: HTTP (Hyper Text Transmission Protocol),
FTP (File Transfer Protocol),
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3)
Telnet
 Network Devices
- Devices that interconnect different computers together
- ex: Repeaters, hub, bridge, switch, router, NIC and modems
 Connectivity
- Media that physically connect the computers and network devices
- ex: Wireless and cables

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End devices
 End devices:
Computers (work stations, laptops, file servers, web servers)
Network printers
VoIP phones
Security cameras
Mobile handheld devices (such as wireless barcode scanners, PDAs)
 End devices are referred to as hosts.
 A host device is either the source or destination of a message.

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ITE PC v4.0
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Network types
Network Fundamentals

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Physical Types of Network
 Local Area Network (LAN)
An individual network usually spans a single geographical area, providing
services and applications to people within a common organizational
structure, such as a single business, campus or region. (It is a group of
network components that work within small area.) <10km
Local Area Network (LAN)

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Ethernet Port

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 Define Wide Area Networks (WANs)
- LANs separated by geographic distance are connected by a
network known as a Wide Area Network (WAN) (It is a group of
LANs that are interconnected within large area)
Cairo site Alex site
 Wide Area Networks (WANs)

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Serial Port

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 Peer to Peer Networking (work group)
In its simplest form, a peer-to-peer (P2P) network is created
when two or more PCs are connected and share resources
without going through a separate server computer.
Logical Types of Network (or management)

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 Server based Networking ( Domain )
A client-server network is designed for end-users, called
clients, to access resources such as files, songs, video
collections, or some other service from a central computer
called a server.
Logical Types of Network (or management)

22. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
ITE PC v4.0
Chapter 1 22
Network topologies
Network Fundamentals

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4- Network Topologies
• Topology: How devices are connected together

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Bus Topology
– In a physical bus topology, a single cable effectively connects all
the devices.
– All devices receive the signal.

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Ring Topology
– Signals travel around ring.
– Single point of failure.
In a ring topology, all the hosts are connected in the form of a ring or circle.
A ring topology connects one host to the next and the last host to the first.
This creates a physical ring of cable.
If the first host needs to send data to the last host, the data must path through all the hosts before reaching the end
host.

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Full-Mesh Topology
– Highly fault-tolerant
– Expensive to implement
A mesh topology is implemented to provide as much protection as possible from
interruption of service.
Each host has its own connections to all other hosts. Although the Internet has
multiple paths to any one location, it does not adopt the full mesh topology.

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Partial-Mesh Topology
– Trade-off between fault tolerance and cost

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Star Topology
–In a physical star topology, each device in the network is connected to the
central device with its own cable.
– Transmission through a central point.
– Single point of failure.

29. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
ITE PC v4.0
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Types of Cables &
Connectors
Network Fundamentals

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Types of Cables
 Copper cable
 Coaxial
 Twisted Pair
 Fiber Cable
 Fiber Optic Cable

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Coaxial cable

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Twisted-Pair Cable
 Two basic types of twisted-pair cable exist:
shielded twisted pair (STP).
unshielded twisted pair (UTP)

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unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
 STP and UTP use RJ-45 (Registered Jack 45) connector

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UTP Cables Connections types:
 Straight-through UTP Cables
 A straight-through cable has connectors on each end that are terminated the same in
accordance with either the T568A or T568B standards.
 Identifying the cable standard used allows you to determine if you have the right cable for
the job. More importantly, it is a common practice to use the same color codes throughout
the LAN for consistency in documentation.
 Use straight-through cables for the following connections:
 Switch to a router Ethernet port.
 Computer to switch.
 Computer to router.

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UTP Cables Connections types:
 Crossover UTP Cables
 For two devices to communicate through a cable that is directly connected between the two,
the transmit terminal of one device needs to be connected to the receive terminal of the
other device.
 The cable must be terminated so the transmit pin, Tx, taking the signal from device A at one
end, is wired to the receive pin, Rx, on device B. Similarly, device B's Tx pin must be
connected to device A's Rx pin. If the Tx pin on a device is numbered 1, and the Rx pin is
numbered 2, the cable connects pin 1 at one end with pin 2 at the other end. These "crossed
over" pin connections give this type of cable its name, crossover.
 To summarize, crossover cables directly connect the following devices on a LAN:
 Switch to switch.
 Switch to hub.
 Hub to hub.
 Router to router Ethernet port connection.
 Computer to computer.
 Computer to router Ethernet port.

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unshielded twisted pair (UTP)

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unshielded twisted pair (UTP)

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Straight-Through vs Crossover cables

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Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
Straight-through Cross-over Rollover

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Straight-through

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Cross-over

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Rollover

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44. ITE PC v4.0
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How to Make an Ethernet Cable
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WvP0D0jiyLg

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UTP Straight-through Cable
 The cable that connects from the switch port to the
computer NIC port is called a straight-through cable.
Host or Router
Hub or Switch

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UTP Cross-over Cable
 The cable that connects from one switch port to another
switch port is called a crossover cable.
 Connects like devices.
Hub or Switch Hub or Switch

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48. ITE PC v4.0
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CSMA/CD operation
Access Methods Type: Carrier Sence Multiple Access with Collision Detection

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There are different types of Media Access Control
methods in a LAN
 Ethernet
* Star topology *Twisted pair * CSMA/CD
 Token Ring
 FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface)

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Methods of Sending Data in the Network
 Unicast  Multicast
means send data for one or all receivers. means send data for some receivers or all.
 Broadcast
means send data for all receivers.

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Transmission types
 Single
Transmission in one direction only
 Half duplex
Transmission in the two directions but not at the same time
 Full duplex
Transmission in the two directions at the same time

52. ITE PC v4.0
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Text Books and Download Cisco Packet Tracer
 CCNA-200-301-Official-Cert-Guide - volume 1
 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1EPGHrEn5XjflHNOfl1jqQxY3LAgcNFzG/vi
ew
 CCNA-200-301-Official-Cert-Guide - volume 2
 http://www.mediafire.com/file/ob42yfmr2nps3zj/CCNA-200-301-
Official-Cert-Guide+-+volume++2+.pdf/file
 Download Cisco packet tracer
 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1F8DYtZJ0PJfwfqMpHMrT1Zz5c9V6Fr6v/vi
ew?usp=sharing

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