Doshadi Vignaniya #Astanga Hridaya 11th chapter #Dr.Mahantesh Rudrapuri.

1. 11. DOSHADI VIGNANIYA ADHYAYA –
दोषादद दिज्ञानीयं - Knowledge of doshas
Dr.Mahantesh B Rudrapuri
M.D(Ayu), FAGE,PGDYT.
Shri Shivayogeeshwar Rural Ayurvedic Medical
College,
INCHAL, Savadatti, Belagavi.
9972710790

2. CHIEF CONSTITUENTS OF THE BODY :- DEHASYA MULAM –
दोषधातुमला मूलं सदा देहस्य
1. dosha – vata, pitta and kapha
2. dhatu – body tissues –
i. rasa (lymph / product of digestion),
ii. rakta (blood),
iii. mamsa (muscle),
iv. meda (fat),
v. asthi (bone),
vi. majja (bone marrow) and
vii. shukra (male and female reproductory secretions)
3. mala – waste products –
i. sweat,
ii. urine and
iii. faeces
Doshas, are the roots of the body.

3. FUNCTIONS OF NORMAL DOSHAS –
PRAKRUTA DOSA KARMA –
• 1.VATA DOSHA KARMA
तं चलःउत्साहोच्छ्वास दनश्वास चेष्टािेगप्रिततनः
सम्यग्गत्या च धातूनां अक्षाणां पाटिेन च
अनुगृह्णादत अदिक
ृ तः
Functions of vata dosha - vata is responsible for
1. All movements (movement of blood in blood vessels, movement of nutrients, movement of air
in lungs, locomotion movements of hands and legs etc.)
2. In its normal state vata causes
a. enthusiasm,
b. regulates respiration process,
c. regulates all locomotor movements,
d. regulates all activities of mind,
e. speech,
f. initiation of natural urges (tears, faeces, urination, sneezing, coughing, vomiting yawning etc)
g. maintenance of the dhatus (tissues) in their normalcy and
h. proper functioning of the sense organs.

4. PITTA DOSHA KARMA functions of pitta dosha –
दपत्तं पक्त्यूष्मदर्तनः
क्षुत्तृड् रुदचप्रभामेधाधीर्ौयततनुमादतिः
In its normal state pitta causes
a. digestion and metabolism
b. maintenance of body temperature,
c. vision,
d. causes hunger, thirst, appetite,
e. maintains skin complexion,
f. intelligence,
g. courage,
h. valour, and
i. softness (suppleness) of the body.

5. FUNCTIONS OF KAPHA DOSHA –
श्लेष्मा स्थिरत्वदिग्धत्वसस्िबिक्षमादददभः
kapha confers
a. stability,
b. lubrication,
c. compactness (firmness) of the joints,
d. kshama – it is the cause for mental capacity to
withstand or withhold emotions, strains etc.
e. it is also cause for forgiveness

6. FUNCTIONS OF BODY TISSUES AND WASTE PRODUCTS – PRAKRITA DHATU MALA
KARMA –
प्रीणनं जीिनं लेपः िेहो धारणपूरणे
गभोत्पादश्च धातूनां श्रेष्ठं कमत क्रमात् स्मृतम्
Functions of body tissues -
1. rasa dhatu (product of digestion and metabolism) provides nourishment
2. rakta (blood) maintenance of life activities,
3. mamsa (muscle) – enveloping (covering) – it covers around bones and enables voluntary and
involuntary actions
4. meda (fat) – lubrication,
·
5. asthi (bones) –support, forms the framework of the body
6. majja (bone marrow) – filling the inside of the bones and
7. shukra (male and female reproduction system)-conception and pregnancy

7. FUNCTIONS OF WASTE PRODUCTS -
अिष्टम्भः पुरीषस्य, मूत्रस्य क्लेदिाहनम्
स्वेदस्य क्लेददिधृदतः
1. maintenance of strength of the body is the
chief function of faeces;
2. elimination of moisture (water) is of urine, and
3. slow elimination of moisture is of the sweat.

8. 1. EFFECTS OF INCREASED VATA –
िृद्धस्तु क
ु रुते अदनलः
कार्श्तकार्ष्ण्तउष्नकादमत्वकम्पानाह्र्क
ृ त्ग्रहान्
बलदनद्रेस्ियभ्रंर्प्रलापभ्रमदीनताः
Vata, when increased produces
1. karshya – emaciation,
2. karshnya – black discoloration,
3. ushnakamitva – desire for hot things,
4. kampa – tremors
5. anaha – bloating, fullness, distention of the abdomen,
6. shakrut graha – constipation,
7. bala bhramsha – loss of strength,
8. nidra bhramsha – loss of sleep
9. indriya bhramsha – loss of sensory functions,
10. pralapa – irrelevant speech,
11. bhrama – delusion, dizziness giddiness
12. deenata – timidity (peevishness).

9. 2. EFFECTS OF INCREASE OF PITTA
पीतदिण्मूत्रनेत्रत्वक्क्क्षुत्तृड्दाहाल्पदनद्रताः
दपत्तम्
Pitta when increased produces
1. yellow discoloration of the
faeces, urine, eyes, and skin;
2. excess of hunger and thirst,
3. feeling of burning sensation and
4. very little sleep.

10. 3.EFFECTS OF INCREASED OF KAPHA
श्लेष्मा अदिसदनप्रसेकालस्यगौरिम्
श्वत्यर्त्यर्लिाङ्गत्वं श्वासकासादतदनद्रताः
1. agnisadana – weak digestive activity,
2. praseka – excess salivation,
3. alasya – lassitude, laziness
4. gaurava – feeling of heaviness,
5. shvaithya – white discoloration,
6. shaithya – coldness,
7. shlathangatva – looseness of the body parts,
8. shwasa – dyspnoea, asthma, copd
9. kasa – cough, cold
10. atinidrata – excess of sleep.

11. VRIDDHA DHATU KARMA:-
रसो अदप श्लेष्मित्
1. Rasa when increased in similar to kapha,
produces the same symptoms of increased kapha;

12. 2. rakta (blood) when increased produces
रक्तं दिसपतप्लीहदिद्रधीन्
क
ु ष्ठिातास्रदपत्तास्रगुल्मोपक
ु र्कामलाः
व्यङ्गादिनार्सम्मोहरक्तत्वङ् नेत्रमूत्रताः
· visarpa – herpes, spreading skin disease,
· pleeha – diseases of the spleen,
· vidradhi – abscesses,
· kushta – skin diseases
· vatasra – gout
· pittasra - bleeding disease,
· gulma – abdominal tumors,
· upakusa – a disease of the teeth,
· kamala – jaundice,
· vyanga – discoloured patch on the face,
· agninasha – loss of digestion strength
· sammoha – coma, unconsciousness,
· red discoloration of the skin, eyes, and urine.

13. 3. mamsa (muscle tissue), when increased produces
मांसं गण्डाबुतदरस्िगण्डोरुदरिृस्द्धताः
कण्ठाददषु अदधमांसं च
· ganda – cervical lymphadenitis
· granthi – tumor,
· increase in size of the cheeks, thighs, and abdomen,
· over growth of muscles of the neck and other places
4. medas (fat tissue), when produces similar symptoms and in addition, it causes
तद्वन्मेदस्तिा श्रमम्
अल्पे अदप चेदष्टते श्वासं स्िक्स्तनोदरलम्बनम्
· fatigue,
· difficulty in breathing even after little work,
· drooping of the buttocks, breasts and abdomen.

14. 5. asthi (bone tissues), when increased
अस्थ्यध्यसथ्यदधदन्ांश्च
· causes overgrowth of bones and extra teeth.
6. majja (marrow), when increased produces
मज्जा नेत्राङ्गगौरिम्
पितसु थिूलमूलादन क
ु यातत्क
ृ च्छ्
र ादण अर
ं दष च
· heaviness of the eyes and the body,
· increase of size of the body joints and
· causes ulcers which are difficult to cure.
7. shukra (semen) when increased produces
अदतस्त्रीकामतां िृद्धं र्ुक्र
ं र्ुक्रमश्मरी अदप
· great desire for the woman (sexual desire) and
· seminal calculi (spermolith).

15. EFFECTS OF INCREASED WASTE PRODUCTS –
VRIDDHA MALA KARMA –
क
ु क्षािाध्मानं आटोपं गौरिं िेदनां र्क
ृ त्
मूत्रं तु बस्स्तदनस्तोदं क
ृ ते अप्यक
ृ तसंज्ञताम्
स्वेदो अदतस्वेद दौगतन्ध्य कण्ड
ू ः

16. 1. shakrit (feaces), when increased causes
· distension of abdomen,
· gurgling noise and
· feeling of heaviness.
2. mutra (urine), when increased produces
· severe pain in the bladder and
· feeling of non-elimination even after elimination
3. sweda (sweat) when increased produces
· excess of perspiration,
· foul smell and
· itching.

17. KSHEENA DOSHAKARMA –
दलङ्ग
ं क्षीणे अदनले अङ्गस्य सदो अल्प भादषते दहतम्
संज्ञामोहस्तिा श्लेष्मिृद्ध्युक्तामार्ायसम्भिः
Decreased vata produces symptoms like –
a. angasada – debility of the body,
b. alpa bhashite hitam – the person speaks very little
c. samjna moha – loss of sensation (awareness) and of consciousness and
d. occurrence of all the symptoms of increased kapha.

18. DECREASED PITTA causes
दपत्ते मन्दो अनलः र्ीतं प्रभाहादनः
a. mande anala – weakness of digestive activity,
b. shaitya – coldness and
c. prabha hani – loss of luster (complexion).

19. Decrease of kapha causes
कफ
े भ्रमःश्लेष्मार्यानां र्ून्यत्वं हृद् द्रिः र्लिसस्िता
a. bhrama – delusion, dizziness,
b. shunyatva – emptiness of the organs of kapha,
c. hrudrava – tremors of the heart (palpitation) and
d. shlatha sandhita – looseness of the joints.

20. SYMPTOMS OF DECREASE OF DHATU (BODY TISSUES) –
1. Decrease of rasa dhatu produces
रसे रौक्ष्यं श्रमः र्ोषो ग्लादनः र्ब्दासदहष्णुता
· dryness,
· fatigue,
· emaciation,
· exhaustion without any work and
· noise intolerance.
2. Decrease of rakta produces
रक्तेअम्लदर्दर्रप्रीदतदर्रार्दिल्यरक्षताः
· desire for sour and cold things,
· loss of tension of veins (and arteries) and
· dryness.

21. 3. Decrease of mamsa causes
मांसे अक्षग्लादनगण्डस्िक्शुष्कतासंदधिेदनाः
· debility of the sense organs,
· emaciation of cheeks, buttocks and
· pain in the joints.
4. Decrease of medas causes
मेददस स्वप्नं कट्ाःप्लीहो िृस्द्धः क
ृ र्ाङ्गता
· loss of sensation in the waist,
· enlargement of spleen and
· emaciation of the body.

22. 5. Decrease of asthi causes
अथ्न्न्यस्थितोदः सदनं दन्क
े र्नखाददषु
· pain in the joints,
· falling off of the teeth, hairs, nails etc.
6. Decrease of majja causes
अथथ्न्नां मज्जदन सौदषयत भ्रमः दतदमरदर्तनम्
· hollowness of the bones inside)
· giddiness and
· seeing of darkness / blindness

23. • 7. Decrease of shukra results in
र्ुक्र
े दचरात् प्रदसच्येत र्ुक्र
ं र्ोदनतमेि िा
तोदो अत्यित िृषणयोमेढ्र म् धूमायतीि च
· delay in ejaculation,
· ejaculation accompanied with bleeding,
· severe pain in the testicles and
· a feeling of hot fumes coming out of the urethra

24. SYMPTOMS OF DECREASED WASTE PRODUCTS –
पुरीषे िायुरन्त्रादण सर्ब्दो िेष्टयदिि
क
ु क्षौ भ्रमदत यात्यूर्ध्वं हृत्पाश्वे पीडयन् भृर्म्
1. Decrease of faeces gives rise to
· gurgling noise in the intestines and bloating,
· vata moves in upward direction in the intestine
· causing discomfort and pain in the region of the heart and flanks.

25. •
2. Decrease of urine causes
• मूत्रे अल्पं मूत्रयेत्क
ृ च्छ्
र ात् दििणत साम्रमेि िा
· scanty urination,
· dysuria,
· urine discoloration or hematuria.

26. 3. Decrease of sweat leads to
स्वेदे रोमच्युदतः स्तब्धरोमता ि
ु टनं त्वचः
· falling of hair,
· stiffness of hair and
· cracking of the skin.
Decrease of malas which are of little quantity is difficult to perceive,
मलानामदत सूक्ष्माणां दुलतक्ष्यं लक्षयेत् क्षयम्
स्वमलायनसंर्ोषतोदर्ून्यत्वलाघिः
it should be inferred from the
· dryness,
· pricking pain,
· emptiness and
· tightness of their sites of production and elimination.

27. दोषादीनां यिास्वं च दिद्याद् िृस्द्धक्षयौ दभषक
्
क्षयेण दिपरीतानां गुणानां िधतनेन च
िृस्द्धं मलानां सङ्गाच्च क्षयं चादत दिसगततः
a. The decrease of dosha dhatu etc can be observed by the increase of opposite
qualities.
b. The increase of dosha dhatu etc can be observed by the increase of similar
qualities.
c. The increase of malas is observed by their non-elimination (too much of waste
product accumulation leading to obstruction) and
d. their decrease by too much of elimination in little quantities.

28. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DOSHA AND DHATU
तत्राथिादन स्थितो िायुः, दपत्तं तु स्वेदरक्तयोः
श्लेष्मा र्ेषेषु, तेनषां आश्रया आश्रदयणां दमिः
येदकस्य तदन्यस्य िधतनक्षपणौषधम्
अस्थि मारुतयोः निं

29. 1. vata resides in asthi (bones)
2. pitta resides in sweda (sweat) and rakta (blood)
3. kapha resides in rest of the dhatu and mala.
4. in case of pitta and kapha, when there is an increase of pitta or kapha, there is
also respective increase of tissues and waste products associated with them.
· For example, if pitta increases, then sweat and blood vitiation also increases.
the same rule applies to decrease as well.
5. But in case of vata,
· if vata decreases, then asthi increases. they are inverse proportionately related
with each other.

30. OJAS – THE ESSENCE OF DHATUS :-
ओजस्तु तेजोधातूनां र्ुक्रान्ानां परं स्मृतम्
हृदयथिमदप व्यादप देहस्थिदत दनबिनम्
ojas is the essence of the dhatus;
· it is mainly located in the heart.
· it is present all over the body and regulates health.

31. ·
दिग्धं सोमात्मक
ं र्ुद्धं ईषत् लोदहतपीतकम्
यिार्े दनयतं नार्ो यस्स्मंस्स्तष्ठदत दतष्ठदत
दनष्पद्यन्े यतो भािा दिदिधा देहसंश्रयाः
QUALITIES –
1. snigdha – unctuous, oily
2. somatmaka – watery
3. shuddha – clear (transparent),
4. ishat lohita peetakam – slight reddish yellow in colour;
5. loss of ojus leads to loss of life.
all aspects of health are related to ojas.

32. CAUSE FOR DECREASE OF OJAS
ओजः क्षीयेत कोप क्षुत्ग्ध्यानर्ोक श्रमादददभः
दिभोदत दुबतलो अभीक्षणं ध्यायदत व्यदितेस्ियः
दुःच्छ्ायो दुमतना रक्षो भिेत्क्षामश्च तत्क्षये
जीिनीयौषधक्षीररसाद्यास्तत्र भेषजम्

33. ojas undergoes decrease in quantity by
a. anger,
b. hunger (starvation),
c. worry,
d. grief,
e. exertion etc.,
SYMPTOMS OF OJAS DECREASE –
The person becomes
· fretful,
· debilitated,
· repeatedly worries without any reason,
· feels discomfort in sense organs,
· develops bad complexion,
· negative thoughts and
· dryness;
Treatment –
1. use of drugs of jivaniya group (enlivening) (mentioned in chapter 15)
2. milk,
3. meat juice etc.

34. • notes :- many more causes of decrease of ojas have been mentioned in other texts of
Ayurveda,
they are
1. ativyayama - too much exercise
2. anashana – fasting for long periods of time
3. alpasana - eating less quantities of food
4. rooksapana (intake of alcoholic beverages which cause dryness),
5. pramitasana (intake of mixture of good and bad foods),
6. bhaya (fear),
7. prajagara (waking up at night),
8. abhighata (injury),
9. abhishanga (assault by evil spirits; micro organisms like bacteria, virus etc.),
10. dhatukshaya (depletion of tissues such as by haemorrhage etc.),
11.ativisarga (too much of elimination) of kapha, sonita (blood), sukra (semen) and mala
(waste products);
12. visha (ingestion of poison)

35. INCREASE OF OJAS
ओजोिृद्धौ दह देहस्य तुदष्टपुदष्टबलोदयः
makes for
1. contentment,
2. nourishment of the body and
3. increase of strength.

36. Thank you