3D Printing: the potential for Cornwall
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This presentation aims to introduce a cross-section of local citizens to the potential of 3D Printing. It throws out suggestions as to how we can speed up the adoption of this technology in a county which is so strong artistically, but also possessing a strong marine sector.
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3D Printing: the potential for Cornwall
- 1. 08/02/2015 1 3D Printing, Cornwall and Falmouth ‐ a chance to become a centre of excellence? Louis Turner, Chief Executive, Asia‐Pacific Technology Network Poly Trustee Convenor 3D Kernow campaign 4 Feb 2015 – Café Sci/the Poly What is 3D Printing (Additive Manufacturing?) • Building physical objects from digital 3D designs • Could be scanned • Medical? • Museum? • Or designed within CAD programme (Computer‐Aided Design) • Or taken from image library • Design is digitally “sliced” to produce • Horizontal layers – typically very thin • Thinner than diameter of silk thread • Object is then built precisely by “adding” layer on layer • Out of liquids, powders or sheet materials • The material is fused or sintered • 3D “Printing” is common, but not the only way • Lasers used to sinter metallic powders etc • We’re seeing the switch from Analogue to Digital manufacturing CAD Designs What is 3D Printing (Additive Manufacturing?) • Building physical objects from digital 3D designs • Could be scanned • Medical? • Museum? • Or designed within CAD programme (Computer‐Aided Design) • Or taken from image library • Design is digitally “sliced” to produce • Horizontal layers – typically very thin • Thinner than diameter of silk thread • Object is then built precisely by “adding” layer on layer • Out of liquids, powders or sheet materials • The material is fused or sintered • 3D “Printing” is common, but not the only way • Lasers used to sinter metallic powders etc • We’re seeing the switch from Analogue to Digital manufacturing
- 2. 08/02/2015 2 Some Mainstream printers Printers (ii) What is 3D Printing (Additive Manufacturing?) • Building physical objects from digital 3D designs • Could be scanned • Medical? • Museum? • Or designed within CAD programme (Computer‐Aided Design) • Or taken from image library • Design is digitally “sliced” to produce • Horizontal layers – typically very thin • Thinner than diameter of silk thread • Object is then built precisely by “adding” layer on layer • Out of liquids, powders or sheet materials • The material is fused or sintered • 3D “Printing” is common, but not the only way • Lasers used to sinter metallic powders etc • We’re seeing the switch from Analogue to Digital manufacturing Materials • Plastics • Most common (PLA, ABS – HDPE) • Metals • Aluminium, Titanium, stainless steel etc • Others • Wax (to produce moulds) • Edible materials • Concrete • Rubber • Porcelain • Biomaterials • Concept of “Digital Materials” • composite materials with predetermined visual and mechanical properties • Ability to alter chemical composition in specific parts of a print‐out
- 3. 08/02/2015 3 Costs of Kit • Free CAD Software available • [3Doodler for £99] • Entry‐level kit available for less than £500 • Scanners • Printers • Reasonable Quality kit in the £1000‐£2000 range • Serious needs can take you into the £50k+ range • …..but • FabLabs • service bureaus Costs (ii) – Printer bureau • Dependent on material chosen • Size/volume important • 2*size = 8*Volume (2*2*2) • A smallish object • £25 in simple plastic • £50 in better quality plastic • Metals can go up to £100,000+ (titanium) • Implications • Artists – think jewelry • Engineers – think moulds Aeroengines‐Aerospace Automotive ‐ Strati
- 6. 08/02/2015 6 GE’s Fuel nozzle Aero Engine Case • Current state of play • 85,000 fuel nozzles to be printed 2016‐2021 (re LEAP Engines) • Lessons: Prototyping • Sometimes used to take over a year (machine tools needed to be created) • Today: Concept, Design, Fabrication, Testing in matter of days • 8 turbine blades can be produced in 7 hours • 80% reduction in lead time re high‐tech parts? • Lessons: Weight Reduction • (relevant to yacht designers) • Fusing of components (integration of functions) • 20 components into one product (Fuel Nozzle) • Weight reduction + 5 times life extension • Design flexibility (Structural optimisation) • No longer constrained by what subtractive machine tools can manage • Topological optimisation possible • Honeycomb structures etc • [Biomimetics] Automotive Case Implications for this Audience • This technology not going away • Big players such as Hewlett‐Packard starting to enter • Importance for Prototyping • Revolutionary impact on Design • Can combine faster, better, cheaper • [Engineer’s Commandment: can only combine two out of the three] • Artists no longer tied to • Mechanics of a potter’s wheel • Structural properties of a block of material • Above all, skill is in the design, not the printing • But CAD still has problems with biomimetics/free form design
- 7. 08/02/2015 7 Some Concepts • Complexity is Free • Individualisation is Free • Digital Assets are made for sharing Business opportunities? • Rapid Prototyping/Rapid Tooling/Direct Manufacture/Home Fabrication • Rapid Tooling is taking off • Designers – could you benefit from mastering rapid prototyping • Are there products out there which could be redesigned to be some combination of • Lighter, Cheaper and Better performing • And, even better, customised? • Room for a printing bureau ? • Yachting and the need for Spare Parts on Demand • A local specialist • Opportunities to radically redesign? • Crafts? • Customisation for tourist market? • Where does increased design freedom take you as a commercial artist? Falmouth and Cornwall • Why am I bothering? • Cornwall as a low‐wage economy: 3DP skills to help? • Let’s help the next generation • Third of US job ads in engineering and ICT call for 3D Printing experience • Two very distinct clusters should benefit from moving early • Creative sector is well‐placed to master 3D Design/fabrication interface • Yachting/Maritime sector can benefit • Design expertise • Chandlery sector (out of date components etc) • Falmouth happens to be strong with both clusters, so ….. What might be achievable? • My personal position • Retired • Six month campaign? • Schools/Colleges • 3Doodlers • Work with Parent‐Teacher Associations to get funding for printers • Cornwall College/Falmouth Marine School? • Makers Café/Storefront operation? • Doug Richard – 2014 Cornwall Lecture – suggest £20k investment • iMakr (London) suggests £5k • Very basic setup manageable for £1500?
- 8. 08/02/2015 8 What might be achievable? (ii) • The creative sector? • Talking to Krowji • Willing to travel further afield • The Yachting/maritime sector? • LinkedIn site (3D Kernow) acting as focal point • Building experience of who can do what (well) • Support of fledgling businesses? Proposal: Proto‐3DP festival as part of 2015 Splash Creative festival • Falmouth has Splash Creative – 19‐27 September • Run by BID’s Richard Wilcox • Why not? • (i) a 3Doodler competition through the week • Prize(s) for best 3Doodled design from schools • And from tourists during the week • (ii) a trade fair of 3DP kit • The Poly’s Main Gallery is free (though will need paying for) • We would be marketing this to potential users throughout the West Country • (iii) a Makers’ Faire • (US concept) • 3DP would probably only be part of it Splash (ii) • (iv) Prize(s) for the artistic use of 3DP • Best maritime theme • Best Cornish theme • (v) An international cross‐printout • (designed to win (inter)national attention • Twin with artistic centres round the world • Swap designs and print out during course of the week • My personal enthusiasm (Asia‐Pacific Technology Network) • Patrick Gottelier – Falmouth and Shanghai • (vi) Castle‐to‐Castle printed drone race? • Copyright Sam Lanyon
- 9. 08/02/2015 9 Why Dundee? • Grand Theft Auto • Most controversial video game series in history (Guinness World Records) • 4,000 articles published about it: accusations of glamorising violence, corrupting gamers, and connection to real life crimes. • Sir Clive Sinclair – early 1980s • Spectrum computers • DMA Design/Rockstar North – David Jones • Designed Abertay University • Now world leader in computer games • 2015: Dundee • UNESCO’s First UK City of Design • Lesson • Let young people get experience • If Dundee …. Why not Falmouth with 3DP? .. • Louis Turner • Chief Executive • Asia‐Pacific Technology Network • www.aptn.org • +44 790 5204 677 • Poly Trustee • Convenor: 3D Kernow campaign • LinkedIn Groups • Asia‐Pacific Technology Network • 3D Kernow • Twitter • @3DKernow