®SAMPLE REPORTCase Description Mr. J – Interpretive R

®
SAMPLE REPORT
Case Description: Mr. J – Interpretive Report
Mr. J is a 44-year-old divorced man assessed at intake for
services at a community mental health center following
a brief stay at a crisis stabilization unit. Mr. J was taken to the
stabilization unit by law enforcement personnel after
a serious suicide attempt involving vehicular carbon monoxide
poisoning. He had been involved in very contentious
divorce- and child custody-related proceedings for two years
prior to this attempt. In addition to having a conflictual
relationship with his ex-wife, Mr. J was estranged from his two
teenage children, and he had minimal sources of social
support. His only prior contact with a mental health
professional involved a child custody evaluation conducted two
years prior to the current assessment. Mr. J’s ex-wife was
granted full custody minus planned bi-weekly visitations
with Mr. J.
The worker who conducted Mr. J’s intake interview described
him as depressed, despondent, tearful, and withdrawn.
He was characterized as speaking in a monotone and giving
laconic responses to questions he was asked. He was
fully oriented and showed no signs of thought disturbance. No
significant history of acting out behavior was elicited.
Mr. J acknowledged continuing suicidal ideation but denied
current intent. He was diagnosed with a Major Depressive
Disorder, Severe with Melancholic Features and accepted for
treatment in an intensive outpatient program.

Case descriptions do not accompany MMPI-3 reports, but are
provided here as background information. The following
report was generated from Q-global™, Pearson’s web-based
scoring and reporting application, using Mr. J’s responses to
the MMPI-3. Additional MMPI-3 sample reports, product
offerings, training opportunities, and resources can be found at
PearsonAssessments.com/MMPI-3.
© 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights
reserved. Pearson, Q-global, and Q Local are trademarks, in the
US and/or
other countries, of Pearson plc. MMPI is a registered trademark
of the Regents of the University of Minnesota. CLINA24805-A
EL 6/20
https://www.pearsonassessments.com/store/usassessments/en/St
ore/Professional-Assessments/Personality-%26-
Biopsychosocial/Minnesota-Multiphasic-Personality-Inventory-
3/p/P100000004.html
Interpretive Report: Clinical Settings
MMPI®-3
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory®-3
Yossef S. Ben-Porath, PhD, & Auke Tellegen, PhD
ID Number: Mr. J

Age: 44
Gender: Male
Marital Status: Not reported
Years of Education: Not reported
Date Assessed: 08/01/2020
Copyright © 2020 by the Regents of the University of
Minnesota. All rights reserved. Distributed exclusively under
license from the University
of Minnesota by NCS Pearson, Inc. Portions reproduced from
the MMPI-3 test booklet. Copyright © 2020 by the Regents of
the University of
Minnesota. All rights reserved. Portions excerpted from the
MMPI-3 Manual for Administration, Scoring, and
Interpretation. Copyright © 2020
by the Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights
reserved. Portions excerpted from the MMPI-3 Technical
Manual. Copyright © 2020
by the Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights
reserved. Used by permission of the University of Minnesota
Press.
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory and MMPI are
registered trademarks of the University of Minnesota. Pearson is
a trademark
in the U.S. and/or other countries of Pearson Education, Inc., or
its affiliate(s).

This report contains copyrighted material and trade secrets.
Qualified licensees may excerpt portions of this output report,
limited to the
minimum text necessary to accurately describe their significant
core conclusions, for incorporation into a written evaluation of
the examinee, in
accordance with their profession's citation standards, if any. No
adaptations, translations, modifications, or special versions may
be made of
this report without prior written permission from the University
of Minnesota Press.
[ 1.0 / RE1 / QG1 ]
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MMPI-3 Validity Scales
20
100
90
80
70
60
50

40
30
KLFBSFsFpFTRINVRIN
Raw Score:
Response %:
CRIN
VRIN
TRIN
Combined Response Inconsistency
Variable Response Inconsistency
True Response Inconsistency
1
39
F
Fp
Fs
FBS
RBS
Infrequent Responses
Infrequent Psychopathology Responses
Infrequent Somatic Responses
Symptom Validity Scale
Response Bias Scale
1

47
1
50
8
66
14
54
9
51
0
36
8
58
120
110
Cannot Say (Raw): 13
T Score: T
T

---
---
---
--- ---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---

L
K
Uncommon Virtues
Adjustment Validity
RBS
2
38
The highest and lowest T scores possible on each scale are
indicated by a "---"; MMPI-3 T scores are non-gendered.
CRIN
2
39
100100 91 93 89 100 100 97 96 93
MMPI®-3 Interpretive Report: Clinical Settings ID: Mr. J
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MMPI-3 Higher-Order (H-O) and Restructured Clinical (RC)
Scales

20
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
RC9RC8RC7RC6RC4RC2RC1RCdBXDTHDEID
Raw Score:
T Score:
Response %:
EID
THD
BXD
Emotional/Internalizing Dysfunction
Thought Dysfunction
Behavioral/Externalizing Dysfunction
34

80
95
RCd
RC1
RC2
RC4
Demoralization
Somatic Complaints
Low Positive Emotions
Antisocial Behavior
RC6
RC7
RC8
RC9
Ideas of Persecution
Dysfunctional Negative Emotions
Aberrant Experiences
Hypomanic Activation
2
46
100
17
80
100

4
44
100
2
49
100
10
75
93
6
55
100
1
50
93
1
44
100

10
55
100
1
36
100
120
110
Higher-Order Restructured Clinical
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---

---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
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MMPI-3 Somatic/Cognitive Dysfunction and Internalizing
Scales
20
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
NFC ARXCMPSTR BRFANPWRYNUC EAT HLPCOG SFD
Raw Score:
T Score:
Response %:
MLS
NUC
EAT
COG

Malaise
Neurological Complaints
Eating Concerns
Cognitive Complaints
5
59
100
WRY
CMP
ARX
ANP
BRF
Worry
Compulsivity
Anxiety-Related Experiences
Anger Proneness
Behavior-Restricting Fears
SUI
HLP
SFD
NFC
STR
Suicidal/Death Ideation
Helplessness/Hopelessness
Self-Doubt
Inefficacy
Stress
3

100
1
46
100
0
44
100
0
38
100
7
86
100
9
77
100
7
78

100
5
68
100
3
49
6
65
100
7
59
100
2
63
100
3
51
92

Somatic/Cognitive Internalizing
120
110
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---

--- ---
--- ---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
MLS
88
72
SUI
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MMPI-3 Externalizing and Interpersonal Scales
20
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
SFI SHYSAVACTIMPSUBJCP AGG DSFCYN DOM
Raw Score:
T Score:
Response %:
ACT

AGG
CYN
Activation
Aggression
Cynicism
5
59
FML
JCP
SUB
IMP
Family Problems
Juvenile Conduct Problems
Substance Abuse
Impulsivity
SFI
DOM
DSF
SAV
SHY
Self-Importance
Dominance
Disaffiliativeness
Social Avoidance
Shyness
1
41

1
45
4
58
1
48
1
49
1
37
9
55
1
34
5
55
4
58

InterpersonalExternalizing
120
110
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---

---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
FML
6
69
80 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 89 57 78 100
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MMPI-3 PSY-5 Scales
20
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
INTRNEGEDISCPSYCAGGR
Raw Score:
T Score:
Response %:
AGGR
PSYC
DISC
NEGE
INTR

Aggressiveness
Psychoticism
Disconstraint
Negative Emotionality/Neuroticism
Introversion/Low Positive Emotionality
1
31
93
8
60
12
68
93
5
50
100
1
47
100
120

110
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
86
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MMPI-3 T SCORES (BY DOMAIN)
PROTOCOL VALIDITY
SUBSTANTIVE SCALES
*The test taker provided scorable responses to less than 90% of
the items scored on this scale. See the relevant profile page for
the specific
percentage.
Scale scores shown in bold font are interpreted in the report.
Note. This information is provided to facilitate interpretation
following the recommended structure for MMPI-3 interpretation
in Chapter 5 of the
MMPI-3 Manual for Administration, Scoring, and
Interpretation, which provides details in the text and an outline
in Table 5-1.
Content Non-Responsiveness 13 39 39 54 T
CNS CRIN VRIN TRIN
Over-Reporting 66* 50 47 51 58
F Fp Fs FBS RBS
Under-Reporting 36 38
L K
Somatic/Cognitive Dysfunction 46 59 38 44 46
RC1 MLS NUC EAT COG
Emotional Dysfunction 80 80 72 86 78 77
EID RCd SUI HLP SFD NFC

75 60*
RC2 INTR
55 68 65 49* 59 51 63 68
RC7 STR WRY CMP ARX ANP BRF NEGE
Thought Dysfunction 49 50
THD RC6
44
RC8
47
PSYC
Behavioral Dysfunction 44 55 59* 48 58
BXD RC4 FML JCP SUB
36 45 41 49 55
RC9 IMP ACT AGG CYN
50
DISC
Interpersonal Functioning 37 34* 31 58* 55* 69
SFI DOM AGGR DSF SAV SHY
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SYNOPSIS
Scores on the MMPI-3 Validity Scales raise concerns about the
possible impact of unscorable responses on the
validity of this protocol. With that caution noted, scores on the
Substantive Scales indicate emotional, behavioral,
and interpersonal dysfunction. Emotional-internalizing findings
include suicidal ideation, demoralization, lack of
positive emotions, helplessness and hopelessness, self-doubt,
perceived inefficacy, negative emotionality, stress,
and worry. Behavioral-externalizing problems relate to lack of
energy and engagement. Interpersonal difficulties
include lack of self-esteem and social anxiety.
PROTOCOL VALIDITY
Content Non-Responsiveness
Unscorable Responses
The test taker answered less than 90% of the items on the
following scales. The resulting scores may therefore
be artificially lowered. In particular, the absence of elevation
on these scales is not interpretable1. A list of all items
for which the test taker provided unscorable responses appears
under the heading "Item-Level Information."
Infrequent Responses (F): 89%
Compulsivity (CMP): 88%
Family Problems (FML): 80%
Dominance (DOM): 89%

Disaffiliativeness (DSF): 57%
Social Avoidance (SAV): 78%
Introversion/Low Positive Emotionality (INTR): 86%
Inconsistent Responding
The test taker responded to the items in a consistent manner,
indicating that he responded relevantly.
Over-Reporting
The test taker may have over-reported general psychological
dysfunction. The extent of possible over-reporting
cannot be precisely determined because of 4 unscorable
responses on the 35-item Infrequent Responses (F)
scale. The following table shows what the T scores for F would
be if the unscorable items had been answered in
the keyed direction.
This interpretive report is intended for use by a professional
qualified to interpret the MMPI-3.
The information it contains should be considered in the context
of the test taker's background, the
circumstances of the assessment, and other available
information.
The report includes extensive annotation, which appears as
superscripts following each statement in the
narrative, keyed to Endnotes with accompanying Research
References, which appear in the final two
sections of the report. Additional information about the
annotation features is provided in the headnotes to
these sections and in the MMPI-3 User's Guide for the Score
and Clinical Interpretive Reports.

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See Chapter 5 of the MMPI-3 Manual for Administration,
Scoring, and Interpretation for guidance on interpreting
elevated scores on F.
Under-Reporting
There are no indications of under-reporting in this protocol.
SUBSTANTIVE SCALE INTERPRETATION
Clinical symptoms, personality characteristics, and behavioral
tendencies of the test taker are described in this
section and organized according to an empirically guided
framework. (Please see Chapter 5 of the MMPI-3
Manual for Administration, Scoring, and Interpretation for
details.) Statements containing the word "reports" are
based on the item content of MMPI-3 scales, whereas statements
that include the word "likely" are based on
empirical correlates of scale scores. Specific sources for each
statement can be viewed with the annotation
features of this report.
The following interpretation needs to be considered in light of
cautions noted about the possible impact
of unscorable responses on the validity of this protocol.

Somatic/Cognitive Dysfunction
There are no indications of somatic or cognitive dysfunction in
this protocol.
Emotional Dysfunction
The test taker reports a history of suicidal/death ideation and/or
past suicide attempts2. He likely is at risk for
self-harm3, is preoccupied with suicide and death4, and is at
risk for current suicidal ideation and attempts5.
His responses indicate considerable emotional distress that is
likely to be perceived as a crisis6. More
specifically, he reports experiencing significant demoralization,
feeling overwhelmed, and being extremely
unhappy, sad, and dissatisfied with his life7. He very likely
complains about significant depression8 and
experiences sadness and despair9. In particular, he reports
having lost hope and believing he cannot change and
overcome his problems and is incapable of reaching his life
goals10. He very likely feels hopeless, overwhelmed,
and that life is a strain11, believes he cannot be helped11 and
gets a raw deal from life12, and lacks motivation for
change13. He also reports lacking confidence, feeling
worthless, and believing he is a burden to others14. He very
likely experiences self-doubt, feels insecure and inferior, and is
self-disparaging and intropunitive15. In addition, he
reports being very indecisive and inefficacious, believing he is
incapable of making decisions and dealing
effectively with crisis situations, and even having difficulties
dealing with small, inconsequential matters16. He very
likely experiences subjective incompetence and shame17 and

lacks perseverance and self-reliance18.
The test taker reports a lack of positive emotional experiences
and a lack of interest19. He likely is pessimistic20
and presents with anhedonia21.
He reports experiencing an elevated level of negative
emotionality22 and indeed likely experiences various
negative emotions23. More specifically, he reports an above
average level of stress24. He likely complains about
Scale: F
T score based on scorable responses: 66
Cutoff for over-reporting concern: 75
If answered in the keyed direction The T score would be
1 69
2 72
3 75
4 78
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stress25 and feels incapable of controlling his anxiety level25.
He also reports excessive worry, including worries
about misfortune and finances, as well as preoccupation with
disappointments26. He indeed likely worries
excessively27 and ruminates28.

Thought Dysfunction
There are no indications of disordered thinking in this protocol.
Behavioral Dysfunction
There are no indications of maladaptive externalizing behavior
in this protocol. The test taker reports a low
energy level29 and indeed likely has a low energy level30 and
is disengaged from his normal activities30.
Interpersonal Functioning Scales
The test taker describes himself as lacking in positive
qualities31.
He reports being shy, easily embarrassed, and uncomfortable
around others32. He is likely to be socially
introverted33 and inhibited34, anxious and nervous in social
situations35, and viewed by others as socially awkward36.
DIAGNOSTIC CONSIDERATIONS
This section provides recommendations for psychodiagnostic
assessment based on the test taker's MMPI-3
results. It is recommended that he be evaluated for the
following, bearing in mind possible threats to protocol
validity noted earlier in this report:
Emotional-Internalizing Disorders

- Major depression and other anhedonia-related disorders37
- Features of personality disorders involving negative
emotionality such as Dependent38
- Generalized anxiety disorder25
- Disorders involving excessive worry39
Interpersonal Disorders
- Social anxiety disorder (social phobia)40
TREATMENT CONSIDERATIONS
This section provides inferential treatment-related
recommendations based on the test taker's MMPI-3 scores.
The following recommendations need to be considered in light
of cautions noted earlier about possible
threats to protocol validity.
Areas for Further Evaluation
- Risk for suicide should be assessed immediately41.
- Need for antidepressant medication42.
Psychotherapy Process Issues

- Serious emotional difficulties may motivate him for
treatment43.
- Indecisiveness may interfere with establishing treatme nt goals
and progress in treatment44.
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Possible Targets for Treatment
- Demoralization as an initial target45
- Loss of hope and feelings of despair as early targets for
intervention46
- Low self-esteem and other manifestations of self-doubt47
- Anhedonia48
- Developing stress management skills49

- Excessive worry and rumination39
- Anxiety in social situations40
ITEM-LEVEL INFORMATION
Unscorable Responses
Following is a list of items to which the test taker did not
provide scorable responses. Unanswered or double
answered (both True and False) items are unscorable. The
scale(s) on which the items appear are in parentheses
following the item content.
Item number and content omitted. (VRIN, SAV, INTR)
Item number and content omitted. (CMP)
Item number and content omitted. (TRIN, F, DSF)
Item number and content omitted. (TRIN, F, FML)
Item number and content omitted. (VRIN, DSF)
Item number and content omitted. (FBS)
Item number and content omitted. (DOM, AGGR)
Item number and content omitted. (EID, RC2, SAV, INTR)
Item number and content omitted. (RBS, L)
Item number and content omitted. (F, FML)
Item number and content omitted. (VRIN, DSF)
Item number and content omitted. (VRIN, EID, ANP, NEGE)
Item number and content omitted. (F, RC6)
Critical Responses
Seven MMPI-3 scales—Suicidal/Death Ideation (SUI),

Helplessness/Hopelessness (HLP), Anxiety-Related
Experiences (ARX), Ideas of Persecution (RC6), Aberrant
Experiences (RC8), Substance Abuse (SUB), and
Aggression (AGG)—have been designated by the test authors as
having critical item content that may require
immediate attention and follow-up. Items answered by the
individual in the keyed direction (True or False) on a
critical scale are listed below if his T score on that scale is 65
or higher. However, any item answered in the keyed
direction on SUI is listed. The percentage of the MMPI-3
normative sample that answered each item in the keyed
direction is provided in parentheses following the item content.
Suicidal/Death Ideation (SUI, T Score = 72)
Item number and content omitted. (True, 22.2%)
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Helplessness/Hopelessness (HLP, T Score = 86)

Item number and content omitted. (False, 22.0%)
User-Designated Item-Level Information
The following item-level information is based on the report
user's selection of additional scales, and/or of lower
cutoffs for the critical scales from the previous section. Items
answered by the test taker in the keyed direction
(True or False) on a selected scale are listed below if his T
score on that scale is at the user-designated cutoff
score or higher. The percentage of the MMPI-3 normative
sample that answered each item in the keyed direction
is provided in parentheses following the item content.
Demoralization (RCd, T Score = 80)

Low Positive Emotions (RC2, T Score = 75)
Self-Doubt (SFD, T Score = 78)
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Inefficacy (NFC, T Score = 77)
Stress (STR, T Score = 68)
Worry (WRY, T Score = 65)

Shyness (SHY, T Score = 69)
Negative Emotionality/Neuroticism (NEGE, T Score = 68)

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ENDNOTES
This section lists for each statement in the report the MMPI-3
score(s) that triggered it. In addition, each
statement is identified as a Test Response, if based on item
content, a Correlate, if based on empirical correlates,
or an Inference, if based on the report authors' judgment. (This
information can also be accessed on-screen by
placing the cursor on a given statement.) For correlate-based
statements, research references (Ref. No.) are
provided, keyed to the consecutively numbered reference list
following the endnotes.
1 Correlate: Response % < 90, Ref. 12
2 Test Response: SUI=72
3 Correlate: SUI=72, Ref. 7, 26, 31
4 Correlate: SUI=72, Ref. 4, 7, 20, 21, 30, 31, 32, 42, 45
5 Correlate: SUI=72, Ref. 4, 7, 20, 21, 31, 42, 43, 45
6 Correlate: EID=80, Ref. 7, 25, 33, 45
7 Test Response: RCd=80
8 Correlate: RCd=80, Ref. 1, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18,
23, 24, 29, 30, 34, 36, 37, 38, 40, 41, 44, 45, 46,
47, 49, 50; RC2=75, Ref. 1, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 16, 17, 18, 23, 24, 34,
36, 37, 38, 40, 41, 45, 46, 47, 49, 50
9 Correlate: RCd=80, Ref. 7
10 Test Response: HLP=86
11 Correlate: HLP=86, Ref. 45

12 Correlate: RCd=80, Ref. 45; HLP=86, Ref. 45
13 Correlate: HLP=86, Ref. 7
14 Test Response: SFD=78
15 Correlate: SFD=78, Ref. 7, 45
16 Test Response: NFC=77
17 Correlate: NFC=77, Ref. 7
18 Correlate: NFC=77, Ref. 10
19 Test Response: RC2=75
20 Correlate: RC2=75, Ref. 15, 40, 45; HLP=86, Ref. 45
21 Correlate: RC2=75, Ref. 7, 45
22 Test Response: NEGE=68
23 Correlate: NEGE=68, Ref. 7
24 Test Response: STR=68
25 Correlate: STR=68, Ref. 7
26 Test Response: WRY=65
27 Correlate: WRY=65, Ref. 7
28 Correlate: WRY=65, Ref. 7; SFD=78, Ref. 7, 45
29 Test Response: RC9=36
30 Correlate: RC9=36, Ref. 7, 45
31 Test Response: SFI=37
32 Test Response: SHY=69
33 Correlate: SHY=69, Ref. 1, 2, 6, 7, 11
34 Correlate: SHY=69, Ref. 1, 6, 7, 45
35 Correlate: SHY=69, Ref. 6, 7, 10, 19, 30
36 Correlate: SHY=69, Ref. 7, 45
37 Correlate: RCd=80, Ref. 7, 22, 27, 28, 35, 41, 45, 48;
RC2=75, Ref. 7, 22, 27, 28, 35, 41, 45, 48
38 Correlate: NEGE=68, Ref. 3, 7, 39
39 Inference: WRY=65
40 Inference: SHY=69
41 Inference: SUI=72
42 Correlate: RC2=75, Ref. 7
43 Inference: EID=80; RCd=80; NEGE=68
44 Inference: NFC=77
45 Inference: RCd=80

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46 Inference: HLP=86
47 Inference: SFD=78
48 Inference: RC2=75
49 Inference: STR=68
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RESEARCH REFERENCE LIST
The following studies are sources for empirical correl ates
identified in the Endnotes section of this report.

1. Anderson, J. L., Sellbom, M., Ayearst, L., Quilty, L. C.,
Chmielewski, M., & Bagby, R. M. (2015).
Associations between DSM-5 Section III personality traits and
the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality
Inventory 2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) scales in a
psychiatric patient sample. Psychological
Assessment, 27(3), 801–815.
https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000096
2. Anderson, J. L., Sellbom, M., Pymont, C., Smid, W., De
Saeger, H., & Kamphuis, J. H. (2015).
Measurement of DSM-5 Section II personality disorder
constructs using the MMPI-2-RF in clinical and
forensic samples. Psychological Assessment, 27(3), 786–800.
3. Anderson, J. L., Wood, M. E., Tarescavage, A. M., Burchett,
D., & Glassmire, D. M. (2018). The role of
dimensional personality psychopathology in a forensic inpatient
psychiatric setting. Journal of Personality
Disorders, 32(4), 447–464.
https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2017_31_301
4. Anestis, J. C., Finn, J. A., Gottfried, E. D., Hames, J. L.,
Bodell, L. P., Hagan, C. R., Arnau, R. C., Anestis,
M. D., Arbisi, P. A., & Joiner, T. E. (2018). Burdonesomeness,
belongingness, and capability: Assessing the
interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide with MMPI-2-RF
scales. Assessment, 25(4), 415–431.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191116652227

5. Arbisi, P. A., Sellbom, M., & Ben-Porath, Y. S. (2008).
Empirical correlates of the MMPI-2 Restructured
Clinical (RC) Scales in psychiatric inpatients. Journal of
Personality Assessment, 90(2), 122–128.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00223890701845146
6. Ayearst, L. E., Sellbom, M., Trobst, K. K., & Bagby, R. M.
(2013). Evaluating the interpersonal content of
the MMPI-2-RF Interpersonal Scales. Journal of Personality
Assessment, 95(2), 187–196.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2012.730085
7. Ben-Porath, Y. S., & Tellegen, A. (2020). The Minnesota
Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3):
Technical manual. University of Minnesota Press.
8. Binford, A., & Liljequist, L. (2008). Behavioral correlates of
selected MMPI-2 Clinical, Content, and
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Going with the flow through; Technology companies should
adopt incentive used in energy industry.
Date: Jan. 23, 2021
From: The Toronto Star (Toronto, Ontario)
Publisher: CNW Group Ltd. - Toronto Star Newspapers
Document Type: Article
Length: 901 words
Full Text:

Byline: Don Tapscott Contributor Don Tapscott C.M., is co-
author of 16 books on the digital age, most recently, "Supply
Chain
Revolution: How Blockchain Technology Is Transforming the
Global Flow of Assets." He is co-founder of the Blockchain
Research
Insti
So far, the pandemic has had devastating effects on Canada's
technology entrepreneurs .
Spending on technology has declined. Venture capital was never
strong in Canada and is now more cautious than ever.
Small companies have received good support from the
government through the Canada Emergency Wage Subsidy, the
Canada
Emergency Business Account and the newly improved Canada
Emergency Rent Subsidy, and countless companies have been
saved. Nonetheless, every Canadian city has empty offices
where technology entrepreneurs are on the hook for rent.
As the pandemic wanes, companies that have survived have an
opportunity to storm back, but raising money will still be a
challenge.
It's time to adopt a popular financing incentive used in the
resources sector known as a flow-through share. By applying
this tool to
the technology sector, Canada could generate close to $1 billion
in new technology R&D.
The flow-through share is a special type of common share that
allows eligible companies to "flow through" certain expenses to
the
holders of such a share. Investors may claim these expenses as a
tax deduction, rather than the company's deducting them from

profits.
The use of flow-through shares fuelled investment in Canada's
mining, oil and gas, and renewable energy sectors over the past
half-
century. As the Prospectors and Developers Association of
Canada put it, "Flow-through shares have helped make Canadian
mining
firms world leaders."
Vijay Jog of the University of Calgary's School of Public Policy
identified in one survey at least 1,783 companies that raised
funds
through flow-through shares issued between January 2008 and
June 2014.
These companies completed financing valued at a total of $4
billion, of which flow-through shares contributed $2.5 billion -
a
substantial amount by any measure.
This instrument has given countless entrepreneurs access to
capital for high-risk projects, while offsetting some of the risk
to their
investors. Imagine the huge benefits that flow-through shares
could bring to Canada's AI, blockchain and fintech firms.
Even before the pandemic, Canada ranked dead last among
OECD countries in creating billion-dollar companies. Prior to
the
pandemic, the U.S. venture-capital market was valued at $60
billion (U.S.), whereas Canada attracts only $3 billion
(Canadian) of this
type of funding, less than half of what we might expect based
on the size of the two economies.

Up to now, investment in startup technology companies has
come largely from wealthy angel investors, venture capital
pools and
private equity funds. Extending flow-through shares to the tech
sector would not only give entrepreneurs access to a vast pool
of
funds, but also enable ordinary investors to share in the rewards
(and, yes, the risks) of an exciting investment opportunity.
The idea has been resisted by governments, citing loss of tax
revenue and the potential for abuse, and they are right to be
skeptical.
It's one thing to account for an oilfield drill. But how can
government be sure investments in software and programmers
are valid
ones? Further, memories remain fresh of the early 2000s when
companies were lining up to convert themselves into income
trusts.
Ottawa decided to shutter the income trust scheme and finance
officials are understandably reluctant to go down a similar path
again.
However, the solution to these problems may lie in new
technologies themselves. For example, blockchain offers a
means to avoid
these unintended consequences. Put simply, a blockchain is
software that functions as a ledger distributed across nodes of a
communications network. What differentiates it from traditional
registries, shared databases, and accounting software is its
immutability: no one can modify, reverse, or erase those
transactions without approval from a majority of nodes.
Blockchain provides
a transparent yet encrypted solution to the challenges of

validating and safeguarding investments in technology.
The Finance Department could set up a blockchain ledger and
require companies to record, if not conduct, all flow -through
share
transactions there, including how they spent the money
received.
Anyone - shareholders, regulators, stock exchanges, the Canada
Revenue Agency - could vet and audit the use of funds in real
time.
Can you imagine a more trustworthy system?
In addition to guaranteeing the efficacy of the program and
limiting abuse, such a plan would demonstrate the Canadian
government's willingness to use new technology. It's a win-win:
flow-through shares would sustain research and development
(and
R&D jobs) in the technology sector through these difficult
times, and Canada would pioneer a new funding platform
leveraging
blockchain's capabilities and fuelling innovation.
At the Blockchain Research Institute, we estimate this could
bring more than $800 million annually in new investment into
Canadian
technology and that any short term losses in tax revenue would
be quickly recovered by the taxes paid by growing successful
technology companies.
Don Tapscott C.M., is co-author of 16 books on the digital age,
most recently, "Supply Chain Revolution: How Blockchain
Technology
Is Transforming the Global Flow of Assets." He is co-founder of
the Blockchain Research Institute, an adjunct professor at
INSEAD,

chancellor emeritus of Trent University.
CAPTION(S):
A pumpjack works at a well head near Cremona, Alta. The use
of flow-through shares fuelled investment in Canada's mining,
oil and
gas, and renewable energy sectors over the past half-century.
Technology companies should follow suit, Don Tapscott writes.
Jeff
McIntoshTHE CANADIAN PRESS file photo
Copyright: COPYRIGHT 2021 CNW Group Ltd. - Toronto Star
Newspapers. Torstar Syndication Services, a division of
Toronto Star
Newspapers Ltd.
http://www.thestar.com.centennial.idm.oclc.org/
Source Citation (MLA 9th Edition)
"Going with the flow through; Technology companies should
adopt incentive used in energy industry." Toronto Star [Toronto,
Ontario], 23 Jan. 2021, p. B5. Gale OneFile: News,
link.gale.com/apps/doc/A649370446/STND?u=ko_acd_cec&sid
=summon&xid=519afd8a. Accessed 8 Oct. 2021.
Gale Document Number: GALE|A649370446
http://www.thestar.com.centennial.idm.oclc.org/
for your

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Bitcoin's ungreen existence gives governments perfect cover
to clamp down on cryptocurrency; OPINION.
Author: Eric Reguly
Date: May 1, 2021
From: Globe & Mail (Toronto, Canada)
Publisher: CNW Group Ltd. - Globe & Mail
Document Type: Article
Length: 886 words
Full Text:
Byline: ERIC REGULY, Staff
Lead

At UN climate summits over the past decade, the bogeymen -
the perennial winners of the Fossil of the Day awards handed
out by
environmental groups - were Canada and other grubby, oil-
intensive economies.
At the Glasgow climate change conference this coming
November, a new bogeyman will play a starring role: bitcoin.
Texte/Text
Governments and central bankers, who generally oppose
electronic "currencies" (a flattering and inaccurate description)
would be
delighted to see bitcoin trashed at the event. That's because
slapping a carbon tax on bitcoin or outright banning it would be
easier if
the measures were done on environmental grounds - perfect
cover for governments to save their own currencies from
competition.
Bitcoin is the biggie in the universe of electronic cash and is no
longer a marginal cryptocurrency.
According to CoinMarketCap.com, it had a market value on
Friday of US$1-trillion after a 15-percent rise in the past week
and a
75per-cent rise since the start of the year.
As bitcoin gains in value and popularity, so too has the
environmental scrutiny over the computerdriven "mining"
process to create
the coins and record them on the decentralized blockchain
network.
In short, bitcoin is a fat-bellied energy pig.

Bitcoins only exist in the ether, but the mining process is very
much an industrial activity with real-world implications. The
Cambridge
Bitcoin Energy Consumption Index, published by the University
of Cambridge's Centre for Alternative Finance, says the bitcoin
network consumes 132 terawatt hours of electricity a year,
equivalent to 0.6 per cent of world consumption.
That's more than the consumption of either Argentina or
Ukraine. If bitcoin were a country, it would be the 28th biggest
electricity
consumer.
The Digiconomist site reports that a single bitcoin transaction
uses the same amount of energy as the typical U.S. household
consumes in a month, with carbon output roughly a million
times greater than a single Visa transaction.
According to a recent New Yorker magazine article, bitcoin's
energy appetite is so voracious that the electricity output of
several
fossil-fuel power plants is being devoted to bitcoin mining.
One is Greenidge Generation in upstate New York, an old coal
burner recently converted to natural gas. The Greenidge website
says
the plant, in operation since last year, includes a "state-of-theart
data centre for blockchain mining." The firm's owners plan to
expand
the capacity of the plant fivefold in coming years.
Greenridge's gas consumption - and greenhouse gas emissions -
will rise accordingly.
And that's the point. Bitcoin's relentlessly rising value - a single
bitcoin is now worth more than US$54,000, up from about

US$250 in
2015 - the crypto industry is financially motivated to mine more
of the coins, hence more energy consumption. Renewable power
expansion might not be able to keep up with bitcoin mining
demand, and even if it could, moral questions would arise: What
is the
point of devoting ever-increasing amounts of renewable energy
to a socially useless product when that same energy could go to
recharging electric car batteries or making clean fuels, such as
hydrogen?
As it is, bitcoin mining can already be classified as an
ecological disaster in the making. Most bitcoins are mined
where electricity is
cheapest, which also happens to be where fossil fuels are
prevalent. No surprise that the majority of bitcoin mining is in
China, where
coal is the dominant fuel. Another mining centre is Iran, where
more than 90 per cent of electricity production comes from
burning
fossil fuels, according to the International Energy Agency (the
United States' bitcoin output is just 7 per cent of the total).
All of which brings us to governments and central bankers.
Neither group likes cryptos.
They don't know how to regulate cryptos, which means the
currencies subvert traditional monetary and fiscal policy. They
suspect
cryptos are being used for money laundering and other nefarious
activities. They don't even consider any crypto a "currency" at
all.

Real currencies are as much a political construct as an economic
one. Governments use their sanctioned fiat currencies to pay
their
employees and suppliers.
Citizens use them to pay their taxes. You can't do any of this
with bitcoins, even if you can use them to buy an exceedingly
small
array of products, including Teslas.
Most governments have netzero carbon emission goals by 2050,
the result of commitments they made at the 2015 Paris climate
summit that will be reinforced this fall at the Glasgow summit.
Those goals are incompatible with ever-rising bitcoin
production.
Governments have a great opportunity to rein in bitcoin on
environmental concerns alone.
There is a precedent, sort of. In 1933, U.S. president Franklin
Roosevelt issued Executive Order 6102, forbidding "the
hoarding of
gold coin, gold bullion and gold certificates" (at the time, the
U.S.
dollar was backed by gold).
Today, governments could effectively do the same by making it
illegal for businesses or consumers to accept bitcoin for
transactions,
or tax the capital gains on bitcoin investments.
They could hit bitcoin with a carbon tax at the mining or
transaction level, though that could set a dangerous precedent.
Bitcoin
mining is too dirty in a world where climate change is a clear
and present danger. It's also a potential existential threat to fiat

currencies. Bitcoin's easy ride might be close to ending.
© 2021 The Globe and Mail. All rights reserved.
Copyright: COPYRIGHT 2021 CNW Group Ltd. - Globe &
Mail. Globe & Mail
https://www.newswire.ca/
Reguly, Eric. "Bitcoin's ungreen existence gives governments
perfect cover to clamp down on cryptocurrency; OPINION."
Globe &
Mail [Toronto, Canada], 1 May 2021, p. B1,B4. Gale OneFile:
CPI.Q,
link.gale.com/apps/doc/A660323310/CPI?u=ko_acd_cec&sid=su
mmon&xid=5f0fb5a3. Accessed 8 Oct. 2021.
for your
any
and "AS
DISCLAIM ANY

FOR AVAILABILITY,
PARTICULAR
CPI.Q Terms and Conditions and by using the machine
generated
How we can upskill a work force to face the climate-change
crisis; OPINION
Author: Claude Guay
Date: Jan. 13, 2021
From: Globe & Mail (Toronto, Canada)
Publisher: CNW Group Ltd. - Globe & Mail
Document Type: Column
Length: 761 words
Full Text:
Byline: CLAUDE GUAY
Lead
LEADERSHIP LAB President of IBM Canada. He is the
leadership lab columnist for January, 2021.
Job roles and career paths have evolved steadily over the past
century. Occupations we could never have imagined 50 or even
15
years ago are now commonplace. Bloggers, podcast producers,
mobile app developers, data scientists, scrum practitioners and

cloud architects are all 21st-century professions that are
consequences of invention. Given the speed with which these
roles
emerged, finding people with the proficiencies needed to fill
them is sometimes challenging.
Texte/Text
Both upskilling and reskilling have been part of the workplace
lexicon for years, as organizations recognized that success is
underpinned by employees - and potential employees - with
optimal competencies and expertise. The progression of skill
development has not always been smooth. The pervasiveness of
technology and automation, changing demographics and even
the
global response to climate change has widened the skills gap
more than ever, but has also created unprecedented opportunity
for a
transformed workplace of the future.
An IBM Institute for Business Value study released in fall 2019
reported that, over the next three years, as many as 120 million
workers in the world's 12 largest economies could need to be
retrained or reskilled as a result of artificial intelligence and
intelligent
automation. However, only 41 per cent of CEOs surveyed
indicated they have the people, skills and resources required to
execute
their business strategies. Mix in a global pandemic and the issue
becomes even more pressing.
COVID-19 has caused widespread job loss, increased
dependence on technology and unparalleled disruption of the
workplace. An
October, 2020, report from the World Economic Forum
predicted that 85 million jobs will be displaced by 2025 and 54

per cent of all
employees will require significant reskilling and upskilli ng by
2022. On the flip side, more than 97 million new roles could
emerge in
the next four years as global business and industry recalibrate in
response to what becomes the new normal.
If these numbers are accurate, significant commitment to and
investment in upskilling and reskilling in key in-demand areas,
such as
data science and AI, must be prioritized. We need to plan to
accommodate for jobs that do not yet exist. That is how rapidly
things
are moving.
AN EVOLVING ECONOMY DEMANDS AN EVOLVED
WORK FORCE In its Throne Speech last fall, the Government
of Canada
expressed its commitment to helping Canadians gain access to
training as the country moves through its postpandemic
recovery,
pledging to make the "largest investment in Canadian history in
training for workers." The government also tabled legislation
that
would set binding climate targets to get Canada to net-zero
carbon emissions by 2050. These two acts are inextricably
linked as the
success of one relies on that of the other. An economy built on
more sustainable practices cannot be achieved without a work
force to
support it.
There is a breadth of skills needed to fill the gap, and they can
be broadly categorized as follows.
Knowledge-based skills: Broader expertise is in demand more

than ever, especially in a greener economy. Government and
organizations need employees who can understand, analyze and
implement climate policies, who provide financing and
budgeting
direction, who have geographical, ecological and agricultural
expertise, and whose numerous other skills can be categorized
as
knowledge-based.
Technical skills: Science, technology, engineering and math (or
STEM) expertise is critical for the development of advanced
innovation such as AI and quantum computing, but also in areas
such as data science, engineering, manufacturing and research.
Technological innovation is a key driver in the battle to
overcome climate change . And with its rapid advancement,
incessant
technical skill development is needed.
Soft skills: These should be considered foundational as they are
what we use to develop all other skills. In my opinion, the
criticality
of soft skills is often underestimated. Intangible abilities in
areas such as critical thinking, consensus building, leadership,
motivation,
effective communication and social currency are the lubricant
that enables the successful execution of other skills.
Development of certain skills should not be undertaken in
isolation and to the exclusion of others. As the future of work
evolves
through a greener economy, we must encourage upskilling and
reskilling in a manner that will enable a more resilient and agile
work

force.
This column is part of Globe Careers' Leadership Lab series,
where executives and experts share their views and advice about
the
world of work. Find all Leadership Lab stories at
tgam.ca/leadershiplab.
Correction
Revision type: Modification
Revision date: Thursday, January 14, 2021
[c] 2021 The Globe and Mail. All rights reserved.
Copyright: COPYRIGHT 2021 CNW Group Ltd. - Globe &
Mail. Globe & Mail
Guay, Claude. "How we can upskill a work force to face the
climate-change crisis; OPINION." Globe & Mail [Toronto,
Canada], 13
Jan. 2021, p. B10. Gale OneFile: CPI.Q,
link.gale.com/apps/doc/A648301033/CPI?u=ko_acd_cec&sid=su
mmon&xid=ae530b48.
Accessed 8 Oct. 2021.
BUSN 732 Writing Assignment 1 (Weight 15%)
Fall 2021 Due Date: Week 5, October 8

This assignment gives you an opportunity to practice
paraphrasing, summarizing, and documenting sources.
Use APA 7th Edition for this assignment.
Submission Requirements:
· Upload an electronic copy to the Assessment Tab on
eCentennial before the deadline; the file will automatically be
scanned by Turnitin. A 10%-per-day late penalty will apply.
· Include a title page that includes your name, course code &
section, the date, and your instructor’s name (correctly
formatted APA 7ed.).
Part 1: Paraphrasing (48)
1. To complete Part 1, first read the following three articles:
a) “Bitcoin ungreen existence gives governments perfect cover
to clamp down on cryptocurrency” by Eric Reguly.
Click on this link to access the article.
Bitcoin's ungreen existence gives governments perfect cover to
clamp down on cryptocurrency
b) “Going with the flow through; Technology companies should
adopt incentive used in energy industry" by Don Tapscott.
Going with the flow through; Technology companies should
adopt incentive used in energy industry
c) “How we can upskill a work force to face the climate-change
crisis” by Claude Guay.

How we can upskill a work force to face the climate-change
2. Choose two (2) compound or complex sentences from each
article and paraphrase them, including a signal phrase and a
correct APA style in-text citation. You will have a total of 6
paraphrases (2 paraphrases x 3 articles). Include both the
original sentence and your paraphrase.
Example:
Original sentence: “Smaller, niche retailers are also expanding
their ability to offer richer and more personalised experiences
tailored to shoppers in their local market.”
Paraphrase: Thomson (2017) states that independent retailers
are enhancing their stores to provide local shoppers an
experience that reflects their needs and tastes (para. 4).
Note: Students who submit paraphrased sentences that are not
compound or complex sentences will receive a grade of zero on
those submissions
Part 2: Summarizing the Point (9 marks)
For each of the three articles, write a one or two sentence
summary.
Example: This is a single sentence summary of an article “Food
Waste Sustainability" which originally appeared in the
Wanganui Chronicle on March 17, 2020.

Stewart, G. (2020, Mar 17). Food waste food waste
sustainability. Wanganui
Chronicle.https://ra.ocls.ca/ra/login.aspx?inst=centennial&url=h
ttps://proquest.com/newspapers/food-waste-
sustainability/docview/2379497154/se-2?accountid=39331
In the article “Food Waste Sustainability," Stewart (2020)
explains that almost 30% of food produced in the world is
wasted. He suggests that individuals and organizations can do
much to reduce the amount of wastage.
Part 3: References Page (12 marks)
To complete Part 3, create a References list for the three
articles read for this assignment. The References list should be
on a separate page than Part 1. Ensure that you use correct
spacing, formatting, and capitalization.
Resources: Refer to Centennial College Libraries for
information on APA 7th Edition
https://libraryguides.centennialcollege.ca/apastyleguide
2 | Page

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