2nd Industrial Revolution.ppt

1. Unit Objectives
– 1. Identify major leaders and terms of the Industrial
Revolution and evaluate their effects on the IR
– 2. Identify and explain the basic principles of capitalism
and how capitalism effects the lives of people who live
within the system
– 3. Identify and explain the pull factors for immigrants
coming into the US and analyze the experience of these
immigrants once they began living in the US.
– 4. Explain and assess the working conditions and life of
everyday workers of this era. Assess the need of labor
unions and their goals once formed

2. Cycle 2 Homework
 Read Chapter 13, pg 436-457
 Note taking chart: pg. 436
 Define: entrepreneur, laissez faire, mass production,
trust, sweatshop, collective bargaining
 Read chapter 14, pg. 464-478
 Note taking chart: pg. 472
 Define: nativism, urbanization

3.  Union Restored
 AA gain citizenship and voting rights
 Racial inequality, KKK
 Southern economy rebuilt
 New sharecropping system
Effects of Reconstruction

4. 2nd Industrial Revolution and
The Age of Immigration
New Capitalism

5. Take out your shop assignments…
 Discuss with a small group around you:
– How could the Reconstruction Era start an
Industrial Revolution?

6. What is Economics?
 “The science that deals with the production,
distribution, and consumption of goods and
services, or the material welfare of
humankind”
 Basically…
– The “how to” of satisfying a society’s unlimited
wants and needs

7. Capitalism
 Free market
 Supply and Demand
 Based on consumer
choices
 Educational and job
choice
 Little gov’t
interference
 Goal is to make
money
 The system is not
individual dependent

8. Do you believe
Capitalism is fair?
Explain?

9. Fighting to Profit
 Develop of Corporations
– Shared ownership of a business
– Allowed investors to put money into a business to
allow it to expand
– Corporations grow to enormous sizes and begin
making large sums of money

10. Fighting for Profit
 Decreasing cost of production + paying workers the
lowest possible = Higher Profit
 Monopoly
– Gaining complete control of product or service
 Vertical and Horizontal Integration
– Gaining control of or creating a large company with all of
business needs (transport., supplies, machinery)

13. Social Darwinism
 Theory by Charles Darwin
(Scientist/Philosopher)
 “Survival of the Fittest”
 How can Darwin’s theory be applied to American
lives and business?
 Adaption

14. Analyze and Explain the following…
 The best way to help the poor is to “place
within reach the ladders upon which the
aspiring can rise”
 “A man who dies rich, dies in disgrace”

16. Andrew Carnegie
 “Gospel of Wealth” (1889)
– The role of big business
within society
 Sold Carnegie Steel for
$500 Million
 Gave over $350 Million to
charity before and after he
died
 College
Scholarships
 Schools/Education
Institutions
 Libraries in every
state (execpt AK
and DE

19. Today’s Carnegies
 Bill Gates (Microsoft)
– $29 Billion to charities,
libraries, education,
health care
 Warren Buffet
– Over $30 Billion

20. Production of the 2nd IR
 Complete the chart to identify key inventors,
inventions, and their effects on society
Ch15-1
2nd Industrial Rev. What Was Produced Who Were The Producers Effects on Society
Industrial Innovations
Transportation
Communication

21. Industrial Innovations

23. Transportation

27. Communication

28. Government Fights Back
 Gov’t wants to reduce stranglehold on
companies for price competition
 Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890)
– Made trusts and monopolies illegal
– Very weak and did not work

30. The Working Class
 Factory owners seek to
maximize profits
– Lower production cost
– Lower wages for workers
 Immigrants were
popular choice to hire
– No English
– Far from home
– In need of money

31. The Working Class
 Owners clock break times
 Fines for breaking rules
 12+ Hour work days
 6-7 Day work weeks
 Class gap is widening (Huh?)

33. The New Working Class
 Low wages mean family needs to get jobs
 Increase in women in workforce
 1 in 5 children between 10-16 no longer go to
school so they can work
 No child labor laws!!

36. Immigration Research
 Old and New Immigrants?
 Importance of religion among immigrants?
 Jobs available to immigrants?
– Mistreatment?
 How can we protect workers in the
workplace?

39. Introduction of Labor Unions
 Workers begin to try to collectively bargain
– Negotiate as a group for higher wages and better
working conditions
 People belonging to unions were generally
black balled or fired from jobs because of the
problems unions cause for employers

41. Effects of 2nd IR and New Working Class

43. Tell Me About It
 List 2 or more major characteristics of
Capitalism.
 Explain why monopolies are bad for YOU the
consumer.

44. Tell me about it…
 In which of the three areas that you
researched do you feel made the biggest
advancements? Explain yourself by giving
specific examples.
 Explain the role of “rich” people in the
following quote
– The best way to help the poor is to “place within
reach the ladders upon which the aspiring can
rise”

45. Oh yeah? Tell me about it…
 Explain the characteristics of the new
working class in the US during the Industrial
Revolution.
 Describe the working conditions during this
time and the need for labor unions.