Introduction to clinical biochemistry

1. INTRODUCTION TO CLINICAL
CHEMISTRY

2. Overview
• Introduction
• Clinically important enzymes
• Overview of tests
• Full blood count
• Liver function test

3. Introduction
• Clinical Biochemistry is based on the biochemical events and
parameters in the body.
• The aim of the biochemical analysis is to determine the state of the
body of human by comparing the obtained values with standard
parameters.

4. Clinically important enzymes
• Alanine aminotransferase
• Alkaline phosphatase
• Amylase
• Aspartate aminotransferase
• Cholinesterase
• Creatine kinase
• Gamma-glutamyl transferase
• Lactate dehydrogenase
• 5’ – nucleotidase
• Trypsine

5. Overview of tests
• Typical biochemical tests divided into 3 categories based on
specificity:
1. Full blood count, Liver function test, Urea and electrolytes, Bone
profile
2. Folate, Hormones, Vitamins, Trace elements
3. Auto-antibodies, Tumor markers

6. Full blood count
•Analysis of several components of blood:
• White blood cells
• Red blood cells
• Hemoglobin
• Hematocrit
• Platelets

7. Liver function test
• Based on measuring the levels of proteins, liver enzymes or bilirubin
in blood in order to determine the state of the liver.
• alanine transaminase (ALT),
• aspartate aminotransferase (AST),
• alkaline phosphatase (ALP),
• albumin,
• bilirubin tests

8. Rennal function test
• Kidney function tests
• Creatinine clearance test
• Urea clearance test
• Urine osmolality test
• Urine protein test
• Blood urea nitrogen test
• Creatinine test

9. Collection of samples (Blood)

10. Collection of samples (urine)