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LAURANNE VAN KAER
Inhoud
                              2

   Achtergrondinformatie
   De stelling
   Wanneer gebruik je de stelling van Pythagoras?
   Cartoons
   Voorbeeld
   Balansmethode
   Bewijs
   Omgekeerde
   Oefeningen
   Oplossingen
   Bij gelijkbenige rechthoekige driehoeken
Achtergrondinformatie
                          3

 Een van de bekendste stellingen in de wiskunde.
 Genoemd naar Griekse wiskundige Pythagoras.
 Pythagoras was een wiskundige, filosoof &
  hervormer.
 Pythagoras = 1 van de zeven wijzen
De stelling
                         4

 In een rechthoekige driehoek geldt:
       a² + b² = c²
       “In een rechthoekige driehoek is
      het kwadraat van de lengte van de
      hypotenusa gelijk aan de som van de
      kwadraten van de lengtes van de
      rechthoekszijden.”
 Rechthoekszijde = zijde aanliggend aan de rechte
  hoek.
 Hypotenusa = schuine zijde.
Cartoons
   5
Wanneer gebruik je de stelling van Pythagoras?
                                            6

                                                      Is het een
                                                      driehoek?



                                                Ja.                Nee.



                            Is er een
                          rechte hoek?



                    Ja.                  Nee.



    Stelling van
    Pythagoras!
Voorbeeld
                           7


 Gegeven:
  Driehoek  met zijden a, b en c.
  De hoek tussen a en b is 90°.

  De lengte van zijde a is 3.

  De lengte van zijde b is 4.

 Gevraagd:
  Bereken   de lengte van c.
Voorbeeld
                     8

 Oplossing:
 a² + b² = c²
Invullen:
  3² + 4² = c²
  25 = c²
  5 =c
Balansmethode
                               9

 1. Alle ‘losse’ getallen aan linkerkant.
 2. Alle variabelen rechts.
 3. Links slechts 1 soort letter. ( a, b, c, … )



                        Alle losse
                                        Alle        Links 1
                         getallen
                                     variabelen      soort
                          aan de
                                       rechts       letters
                       linkerkant
Bewijs
                             10




 (a + b)² = 2ab + c²
 a² + 2ab + b² = 2ab + c²
 a² + b² = c²
Omgekeerde
                           11




 Als c² = a² + b²


Dan is de driehoek rechthoekig.
Met de rechte hoek tussen zijde a en b.
Oefeningen
                         12

 Bereken bij volgende driehoeken de ontbekende
  zijde.
 1.




 2.
Oefeningen
           13

 3.
Oplossingen
                   14

 1. 13, 27
 2. 20
 3. 4,47
Bij gelijkbenige rechthoekige driehoeken
                       15




Rechthoekszijde         Schuine zijde
0                       0
1                       1
2                       2,82
3                       4,24
4                       5,66
5                       7,07
Bij gelijkbenige rechthoekige driehoeken
                   16


8
7
6
5
4
3
2
 1
0
     0   1     2        3   4      5

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De stelling van pythagoras 2

  • 2. Inhoud 2  Achtergrondinformatie  De stelling  Wanneer gebruik je de stelling van Pythagoras?  Cartoons  Voorbeeld  Balansmethode  Bewijs  Omgekeerde  Oefeningen  Oplossingen  Bij gelijkbenige rechthoekige driehoeken
  • 3. Achtergrondinformatie 3  Een van de bekendste stellingen in de wiskunde.  Genoemd naar Griekse wiskundige Pythagoras.  Pythagoras was een wiskundige, filosoof & hervormer.  Pythagoras = 1 van de zeven wijzen
  • 4. De stelling 4  In een rechthoekige driehoek geldt:  a² + b² = c²  “In een rechthoekige driehoek is het kwadraat van de lengte van de hypotenusa gelijk aan de som van de kwadraten van de lengtes van de rechthoekszijden.”  Rechthoekszijde = zijde aanliggend aan de rechte hoek.  Hypotenusa = schuine zijde.
  • 6. Wanneer gebruik je de stelling van Pythagoras? 6 Is het een driehoek? Ja. Nee. Is er een rechte hoek? Ja. Nee.  Stelling van Pythagoras!
  • 7. Voorbeeld 7  Gegeven:  Driehoek met zijden a, b en c.  De hoek tussen a en b is 90°.  De lengte van zijde a is 3.  De lengte van zijde b is 4.  Gevraagd:  Bereken de lengte van c.
  • 8. Voorbeeld 8  Oplossing:  a² + b² = c² Invullen: 3² + 4² = c² 25 = c² 5 =c
  • 9. Balansmethode 9  1. Alle ‘losse’ getallen aan linkerkant.  2. Alle variabelen rechts.  3. Links slechts 1 soort letter. ( a, b, c, … ) Alle losse Alle Links 1 getallen variabelen soort aan de rechts letters linkerkant
  • 10. Bewijs 10  (a + b)² = 2ab + c²  a² + 2ab + b² = 2ab + c²  a² + b² = c²
  • 11. Omgekeerde 11  Als c² = a² + b² Dan is de driehoek rechthoekig. Met de rechte hoek tussen zijde a en b.
  • 12. Oefeningen 12  Bereken bij volgende driehoeken de ontbekende zijde.  1.  2.
  • 13. Oefeningen 13  3.
  • 14. Oplossingen 14  1. 13, 27  2. 20  3. 4,47
  • 15. Bij gelijkbenige rechthoekige driehoeken 15 Rechthoekszijde Schuine zijde 0 0 1 1 2 2,82 3 4,24 4 5,66 5 7,07
  • 16. Bij gelijkbenige rechthoekige driehoeken 16 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5