The document contains 28 multiple choice questions about endocrinology. The questions cover topics like diabetes, thyroid disorders, adrenal disorders, and hormone function. They assess knowledge of disease characteristics, hormone actions, diagnostic indicators, and treatment approaches for various endocrine conditions.

1. MCQ’s
1. Zollinger Ellison syndrome is NOT characterized by:
a. lymphadenopathy
b. marked increases in gastric acid secretion
c. ulcer disease of the upper gastrointestinal tract
d. non-beta islet cell tumors of the pancreas
2. High plasma insulin levels has the following effects
a. It stimulates breakdown of adipose tissue
b. It stimulates the storage of glycogen in the liver
c. It enhances protein catabolism
d. It increases the absorption of glucose from the intestine
3. People with Type 1 diabetes
a. Are old and mostly over 30 years
b. Type 1 diabetes can be due to autoimmune disease causing damage to the beta
cells
c. The disease may be caused by helminthic infestation
d. The disease develops gradually in its clinical onset
4. In diabetes mellitus
a. People with Type 2 diabetes do easily develop ketoacidosis
b. Type 2 diabetes is a mild disease
c. People with Type 2 diabetes are usually less than 30 year old
d. Obesity is a risk factor
5. The most important function of insulin is …
a. To release glucose from the liver
b. To maintain normal blood glucose level
c. To avoid late diabetic complications
d. To utilize fat
6. In Type 1 diabetes
a. Insulin is unable to promote utilization of glucose
b. Pancreas does not produce insulin
c. The cells of the body lack insulin receptors
d. Blood glucose level may be normal
7. Metformin …
a. is an example of a sulphonylurea.
b. Does not stimulate insulin secretion.
c. Causes weight gain.

2. d. Has no gastrointestinal side effects
8. What treatment modes should be used in type 2 diabetes in order of
importance?
a. Education, diet, exercice, OA’s, insulin.
b. OA’s, exercise, diet, insulin, education.
c. Exercise, diet, OA’s.
d. Education, insulin, OA’s, exercise, diet.
9. The classical endocrine action
a. Hormone may be secreted by a neighboring cell.
b. Hormone may be secreted by the same cell.
c. Hormone carried via blood from a secreting gland.
d. Hormone may be manufactured in situ.
10. Excess growth hormone secretion leads to
a. Gigantism if it occurs after puberty.
b. Acromegaly if it occurs before puberty.
c. Gigantism if it occurs before puberty.
d. Diabetes insipidus if it occurs after puberty.
11. The hormone vasopressin (AVP)
a. Is synthesized in the posterior pituitary.
b. Its secretion is defective in diabetes insipidus.
c. Is important for lactation.
d. Is released by a trophic hormone from hypothalamus.
12. The level of total thyroxin (T4)
a. Will be increased during pregnancy.
b. Is usually normal in thyrotoxicosis.
c. Is usually elevated in hypothyroidism.
d. May be increased due to TBG deficiency.
13. In Graves' disease
a. TSH is usually elevated.
b. T4 elevated and T3 is low.
c. Both FT4 and FT3 are elevated.
d. ACTH is elevated.
14. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
a. Is due to ACTH deficiency.
b. Is due to pituitary adenoma.
c. Usually caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency.
d. Estrogen is produced in excess.

3. 1. Cortisol synthesis would be diminished by
A. A defect in 11-hydoxysteroid dehydrogenase
B. A defect in 21-hydoxylase
C. A defect in 18-hydoxylation
D. A defect in 5-alpha-reductase
E. A defect in aromatase
2. You have a brother who has type 1 diabetes. He has had severe hypoglycemia in the
past, without warning. Therefore, you have 1 mg of glucagon available for injection
in this situation. When you give the glucagon, which of the following will happen?
A.Glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis will promptly increase.
B. The glucose transporter GLUT4 will translocate to the plasma membrane, causing brain glucose uptake
to increase.
C. The tyrosine kinase activity of the glucagon receptor will be turned on.
D. Lipolysis will be suppressed.
E. Nothing, because you have to give some form of glucose along with the glucagon in order for it to work.
3. On physical examination a patient is noted to have tendon xanthomata. Which
statement regarding this patient is true:
A. Lipemia retinalis is often seen in association with this physical exam finding.
B. This patients triglyceride levels are usually elevated.
C. Usually a genetically determined defect in the LDL receptor causes
lipid abnormalities associated with this physical finding.
D. The condition is not associated with risk of early coronary artery disease.
4. Thyroid hormone stored in the lumen of follicles is in the form of
a. free T3
b. free T4
c. attached to thyroglobulin in the gland
d. attached to thyroid binding globulin
15. Zollinger Ellison syndrome is NOT characterized by:
e. lymphadenopathy
f. marked increases in gastric acid secretion
g. ulcer disease of the upper gastrointestinal tract
h. non-beta islet cell tumors of the pancreas
16. High plasma insulin levels has the following effects
e. It stimulates breakdown of adipose tissue
f. It stimulates the storage of glycogen in the liver
g. It enhances protein catabolism
h. It increases the absorption of glucose from the intestine
17. People with Type 1 diabetes
e. Are old and mostly over 30 years
f. Type 1 diabetes can be due to autoimmune disease causing damage to the beta cells
g. The disease may be caused by helminthic infestation
h. The disease develops gradually in its clinical onset

4. 18. In diabetes mellitus
e. People with Type 2 diabetes do easily develop ketoacidosis
f. Type 2 diabetes is a mild disease
g. People with Type 2 diabetes are usually less than 30 year old
h. Obesity is a risk factor
19. The most important function of insulin is …
e. To release glucose from the liver
f. To maintain normal blood glucose level
g. To avoid late diabetic complications
h. To utilize fat
20. In Type 1 diabetes
e. Insulin is unable to promote utilization of glucose
f. Pancreas does not produce insulin
g. The cells of the body lack insulin receptors
h. Blood glucose level may be normal
21. Metformin …
e. is an example of a sulphonylurea.
f. Does not stimulate insulin secretion.
g. Causes weight gain.
h. Has no gastrointestinal side effects
22. What treatment modes should be used in type 2 diabetes in order of
importance?
e. Education, diet, exercice, OA’s, insulin.
f. OA’s, exercise, diet, insulin, education.
g. Exercise, diet, OA’s.
h. Education, insulin, OA’s, exercise, diet.
23. The classical endocrine action
e. Hormone may be secreted by a neighboring cell.
f. Hormone may be secreted by the same cell.
g. Hormone carried via blood from a secreting gland.
h. Hormone may be manufactured in situ.
24. Excess growth hormone secretion leads to
e. Gigantism if it occurs after puberty.
f. Acromegaly if it occurs before puberty.
g. Gigantism if it occurs before puberty.

5. h. Diabetes insipidus if it occurs after puberty.
25. The hormone vasopressin (AVP)
e. Is synthesized in the posterior pituitary.
f. Its secretion is defective in diabetes insipidus.
g. Is important for lactation.
h. Is released by a trophic hormone from hypothalamus.
26. The level of total thyroxin (T4)
e. Will be increased during pregnancy.
f. Is usually normal in thyrotoxicosis.
g. Is usually elevated in hypothyroidism.
h. May be increased due to TBG deficiency.
27. In Graves' disease
e. TSH is usually elevated.
f. T4 elevated and T3 is low.
g. Both FT4 and FT3 are elevated.
h. ACTH is elevated.
28. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
e. Is due to ACTH deficiency.
f. Is due to pituitary adenoma.
g. Usually caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency.
h. Estrogen is produced in excess.
Cortisol synthesis would be diminished by
A. A defect in 11-hydoxysteroid dehydrogenase
B. A defect in 21-hydoxylase
C. A defect in 18-hydoxylation
D. A defect in 5-alpha-reductase
E. A defect in aromatase
You have a brother who has type 1 diabetes. He has had severe hypoglycemia in the past,
without warning. Therefore, you have 1 mg of glucagon available for injection in this
situation. When you give the glucagon, which of the following will happen?
A.Glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis will promptly increase.
B. The glucose transporter GLUT4 will translocate to the plasma membrane, causing brain glucose uptake
to increase.
C. The tyrosine kinase activity of the glucagon receptor will be turned on.
D. Lipolysis will be suppressed.
E. Nothing, because you have to give some form of glucose along with the glucagon in order for it to work.
On physical examination a patient is noted to have tendon xanthomata. Which statement
regarding this patient is true:
A. Lipemia retinalis is often seen in association with this physical exam finding.
B. This patients triglyceride levels are usually elevated.
C. Usually a genetically determined defect in the LDL receptor causes lipid abnormalities

6. associated with this physical finding.
D. The condition is not associated with risk of early coronary artery disease.
Thyroid hormone stored in the lumen of follicles is in the form of
a. free T3
b. free T4
c. attached to thyroglobulin in the gland
d. attached to thyroid binding globulin

7. associated with this physical finding.
D. The condition is not associated with risk of early coronary artery disease.
Thyroid hormone stored in the lumen of follicles is in the form of
a. free T3
b. free T4
c. attached to thyroglobulin in the gland
d. attached to thyroid binding globulin