This presentation give full information to you about Niosomes..

1. Presented by Under The Guidance
Khan Ramiz V Prof. S. Talele
M. Pharm (1st year) M.Pharm
Dept. of Pharmaceutics
SIPS 1

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Classification Niosomes
 Definition of Niosomes
 Types of Niosomes
 Method of preparation
 Advantages and disadvantages
 application
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3. INTRODUCTION
 NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM (NDDS)
 It refers to approaches, formulation, technologies, and
system for transporting a pharmaceutical compound in the
body as needed to safely achieve its desired therapeutic
effect.
 Technologies modify drug release profile, absorption,
distribution and elimination for the benefit of
a) improving product efficacy and safety
b) patient convenience and compliance.
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4. Classification
 Niosomes
 Nanoparticals
 Liposomes
 Microspheres
 Monoclonal antibodies
 Micro emulsions
 Magnetic microcapsules
 Implantable pumps
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5. NIOSOMES
 Novel drug delivery system, in which the medication is
encapsulated in a vesicle which is composed of a bilayer of
non-surface active agents.
 It is very small, and microscopic in size.
 Although structurally similar to liposomes, they offer
several advantages over them.
 Similar to liposomes , in that they are also made up of a
bilayer.
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6. WHY ? WHY ? WHY ?
Used for a variety of drug : accommodate hydrophilic,
lipophilic as well as amphiphilic moieties.
Act as a depot to release the drug slowly and offer a
controlled release.
Osmotically acative and stable
Increase the stability of the entrapped drug
Handling and storage of surfactants do not require any
special conditions
Enhance the skin penetration of drugs
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8. Fig. Niosomes
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9. TYPES OF NIOSOMES
 According to the nature of lamellarity
1. Multilamellar vesicles (MLV) 1-5 µm in size.
2. Large Unilamellar vesicles (LUV) 0.1-1µm in size.
3. Small Unilamellar vesicles (SUV) 25-500 nm in size.
 According to the size
1. Small Niosomes (100 nm-200 nm)
2. Large Niosomes (800 nm-900 nm)
3. Big Niosomes (2 µm-4 µm)
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11. METHODS OF PREPARATION
 Film Method
 Ether Injection method
 Sonication
 Reverse Phase Evaporation
 Heating Method
 Microfluidization
 Multiple Membrane Extrusion Method
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12. FILM METHOD
 Also known as hand shaking method
Take a mixture of surfactant and cholesterol
↓
Dissolved in an organic solvent in a round bottomed flask.
(eg. Diethyl ether, chloroform,etc)
↓
organic solvent is removed by low pressure/vaccume at
room temperature.(by using rotary evaporator)
↓
The resultant dry surfactant film is dehydrated by agitation
at 50-60⁰C
↓
multilamellar vesicle (MLV) are formed.
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13. ETHER INJECTION METHOD
 Introduce a solution of surfactant dissolved in diethyl
ether into warm water maintained at 60 C.
 Surfactant mixture in ether is injected through 14-guage
needle into an aqueous solution of material.
 Vaporization of ether leads to formation of single layerd
vesicle.
 Depending upon the conditions used, the diameter of
the vesicle range from 50 to 1000nm
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14. sonication
 Aliquot of drug solution in buffer is added to the
surfactant/cholesterol mixture in a 10-ml glass vial
 Mixture is probe sonicated at 60 C for 3 minute using a
sonicater with a titanium probe to yield niosomes
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15. MULTIPLE MEMBRANE EXTRUSION METHOD
 Mixture of surfactant, cholesterol and dicetyl phophate
in chloroform is made into thin film by evaporation
 The film is hydrated with aqueos drug solution and the
resultant suspension extruded through polycarbonate
membranes
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16. Reverse phase evaporation tachniques
 Cholesterol and surfactant (1:1) dissolved in a mixture of
ether and chloroform.
 An aqueous phase containing drug is added to this and
the resulting two phase are sonicated at 4-5 C.
 Organic phase is removed at 40 C under low pressure
 The resulting viscous niosomes suspension is diluted
with PBS and heated on a water at 60 C for 10 min to
yield niosomes.
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17. ADVANTAGES
 Since the structure of the niosomes offers place to
accommodate hydrophilic, lipophilic as well as ampiphilic
drug moieties, they can be used for a varietey of drug.
 The vesicles can act as a depot to release the drug slowely and
of controlled release.
 Biodegradable and biocompatible.
DISADVANTAGES
 Time consuming .
 Required specialized equipment .
 Inefficient drug loading.
 Aqueous suspension of niosomes may exihibit fusion,
aggregation, leaching of entrapped drug. 17

18. APPLICATION
 Noisomes as Drug Carriers
 Drug Targeting
a) delivery to the brain
b) Anti cancer drug
c) Anti infection
 Ophthalmic drug delivery
 Transdermal delivery of drugs by Niosomes
 Sustained Release
 Localized drug action
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19. References
 The theory & practical of industrial pharmacy by Leon
Lachman, Herbert A. Lieberman, Joseph L. kening, 3rd
edition, published by Varghese Publishing house,
page no 872
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20. THANK YOU
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