Services Market Research Report

2022 Market Research Report
September 2022
Report:
Report Contents
3 Overview 12 Sales per Capita by State
• Methodology • Sales per Capita and State Rankings
• Industry Definition & Examples
13 Sales as a Percent of Income by State
4 Industry Snapshot - Revenue & Growth • Sales as a % of Income and State Rankings
5 Industry Snapshot - Costs & Profitability 14 Sales per Location by State
• Sales per Location and State Rankings
15 Pricing & Inflation
• Annual Inflation - Indexed to 2006
7 Industry Growth Details • 2013-2021 Historical Figures
• Industry Revenue • Forecasts for 2022 and the Next 5 Years
• Number of Companies • Monthly Inflation Figures for the Past 4 Years
• Number of Locations / Offices
• 2013-2021 Historical Figures 16 Consolidation Analysis
• Number of Companies by Business Size
• Number of Locations by Business Size
8 Growth Benchmarks • Locations per Company by Business Size
• Revenue per Company • 2012 versus 2021
• Revenue per Location
• Locations per Company 17 Employment by Business Size
• 2013-2021 Historical Figures • Number of Employees by Business Size
• Forecasts for 2022 and the Next 5 Years • Employees per Company by Business Size
• Employees per Location by Business Size
9 Breakdown of Product Lines • 2012 versus 2021
• Percentage of Revenue from Product Lines
18 Service Subsector Analysis
10 Service Subsector Growth • Number of Companies
• Sales and 5-Year CAGR • Number of Locations
• 5-Year CAGR
11 Income vs. Revenue Growth Matrix
• Service Subsectors vs. Industry
Gyms Fitness Centers
Gyms and Fitness Centers
713940
Section One
REVENUE & GROWTH BENCHMARKS
• Forecasts for 2021 and the Next 5 Years
Kentley Insights

Gyms and Fitness Centers - 2022 www.kentleyinsights.com 2
Report Contents (Continued)
19 Service Subsector Analysis 27 Industry Payroll
• Employment • Payroll per Employee
• Payroll per Employee • Payroll per Company
• 5-Year CAGR • Payroll per Location
• 2013-2021 Historical Figures
COST, CAPITAL & PROFIT BENCHMARKS
28 Payroll by Business Size
21 Profitability & Financial Ratio Analysis • Payroll per Company
• Percent of Companies that are Profitable • Payroll per Location
• Average Net Income as a Percent of Revenue • Payroll per Employee
• Financial Ratios - 10 ratios, such as Total Asset • 2012 versus 2021
Turnover, Assets to Liabilities, Return on
Net Worth, Solvency Ratio 29 Payroll per Employee by State
• Payroll per Employee
22 Operating Expenses • State Rankings
• Industry Operating Expenses
• Industry Revenue vs. Operating Expense Growth 30 Job Categorization Benchmarks
• Operating Expense as a Percent of Revenue • Management & Finance
• 2013-2021 Historical Figures • Sales & Marketing
• Forecasts for 2022 and the Next 5 Years • Technology, Engineering & Science
• Service, Support & Training
23 Operating Expenses by Company & Location • Operations
• Operating Expenses per Company • Percent of Industry's Employees
• Operating Expenses per Location
• Revenue vs. Expenses Growth per Location 31 Job Categorization Pay Ranges
• 2013-2021 Historical Figures • Management & Finance
• Forecasts for 2022 and the Next 5 Years • Sales, Service & Marketing
• Operations
24 Operating Expense Detail • Pay Bands
• Employee Expenses
• Property Expenses 32 Top 20 Jobs Breakdown
• Equipment Expenses • Percent of Total Employees
• IT Expenses • Rank Ordered
• Miscellaneous Expenses
• Other Operating Expenses 33 Top 20 Jobs Pay
• Pay Bands
25 Productivity & Industry Employment • Rank Ordered
• Revenue per Employee
• Total Industry Employees 34 Total Employment by State
• Employees per Company • Number of Employees and State Rankings
• 2013-2021 Historical Figures • State Rankings
35 Population to Every Employee by State
26 Employee Productivity by State • Number of Residents to Industry Employee
• Revenue per Employee and State Rankings • State Rankings
© Kentley Insights 2022
Section Two

Report Methodology
Industry Definition
0
Industry Examples
Kentley Insights is the leader in data-driven industry market research reports. This report
includes extensive data sets and forecasts on the Gyms and Fitness Centers industry, which
will provide you with key insights and benchmarks to create a broad and in-depth diagnostic
and understanding of any company in the industry.
For this report, the core data is sourced from comprehensive business surveys filled out by
companies in the Gyms and Fitness Centers industry. Our analysts create the industry
forecasts utilizing historical trends, industry dynamics, econometrics, and macroeconomic
trends. Data sources include the Bureau of Labor, the Census Bureau, the IRS, the Bureau
of Economic Analysis, the Federal Reserve, and the Department of Commerce.
The Gyms and Fitness Centers industry includes companies primarily engaged in operating
fitness and recreational sports facilities featuring exercise and other active physical fitness
conditioning or recreational sports activities, such as swimming, skating, or racquet sports.
Aerobic dance centers : Athletic clubs, physical fitness facilities : Body building studios,
physical fitness : Exercise centers : Fitness centers : Gymnasiums : Health club, physical
fitness : Health spas (without lodging), physical fitness : Health studio, physical fitness : Ice
skating rinks : Physical fitness centers : Physical fitness studio : Racquetball clubs : Rinks,
ice or roller skating : Roller skating rinks : Skating rinks, ice or roller : Spas, fitness (without
lodging) : Sports clubs, physical fitness facilities : Squash clubs : Strength development
centers : Swimming pools : Tennis clubs : Wave pools : Weight training centers

Industry Snapshot - Revenue & Growth
Overall Industry Size
Overall Industry Growth
Overall Industry Growth Forecast
Revenue per Company
Product Line Concentration
Pricing & Inflation
Sales per Capita
Sales per Location
For the industry, New York has the highest sales per location at $1.5 million, which is 111% higher than the
U.S. average of $.7 million in sales per location.
From 2020 to 2021, price inflation for the industry was 1.4%. While over the past 5 years, inflation has
averaged 0.8% per year.
Below is the revenue and growth snapshot for the Gyms and Fitness Centers industry, covering industry
size, growth, forecasts, revenue per company, product line concentration, pricing, sales per capita, and
sales per location, and benchmark how many of these metrics compare to the industries within the service
sector.
The overall 2021 revenue for the Gyms and Fitness Centers industry was $33.0 billion. The industry is
above average in industry size, ranking in the top 40% of service industries in terms of size.
Over the past 3 years, industry revenue have been shrinking at an annual rate of -1.2% per year. This
growth rate significantly lags the 4.3% average for service industries and ranks it in the bottom 20% of all
service industries.
Given the macroeconomic climate and industry dynamics, the forecasted industry revenue growth rate for
the next 5 years is 5.4% per year for the Gyms and Fitness Centers industry.
In 2021, the average revenue per company for the industry was approximately $1.1 million, which declined
at a -1.7% annual rate over the past 3 years.
In the Gyms and Fitness Centers industry, the top 3 product lines make up 77% of revenue, which ranks in
the bottom 40% of service industries.
For the Gyms and Fitness Centers industry, Massachusetts has the highest sales per capita at $173. This is
123% higher than the average $78 per capita across the U.S.

Industry Snapshot - Costs, Capital & Profit
Operating Expenses
Operating Expense Breakdown
State Population per Industry Employee
Employee Productivity
Payroll per Employee
Payroll by State
Job Categorization
Profitability
Below is an industry snapshot on operating expenses, employee productivity, payroll, job categorization,
profitability, and relevant benchmarks.
Hawaii is the highest paying state in the Gyms and Fitness Centers industry, with a payroll per employee of
$21,288, which is 49% higher than the U.S. average.
The jobs breakdown in the Gyms and Fitness Centers industry is as follows: 18% of the jobs are in
management and finance, 69.4% of the jobs are in sales, service and marketing, while 12.7% of the jobs
are in operations and technology.
61% of Companies in the Gyms and Fitness Centers industry are profitable, with an average net income of
10.2% of revenue, which ranks the industry in the bottom 40% of service industries.
In 2021, the operating expenses as a percent of revenue for the Gyms and Fitness Centers industry was
89.1%, and over the past 3-Years total operating expenses for the industry grew at -0.7% per year.
The breakdown of operating expenses for the industry is as follows: 42% for employee expenses, 11% for
property expenses, 17.3% for equipment expenses, 1.3% for IT expenses, 10.8% for miscellaneous
expenses, while 17.6% was spent on other operating expenses.
Massachusetts has the least amount of population per industry employee within the Gyms and Fitness
Centers industry, with 251 people in the state per industry employee, which is 0.5% of the U.S. average.
For the Gyms and Fitness Centers industry, in 2021 the sales per employee grew 18.9% over 2020 to
$47,902, which ranks the industry in the bottom 20% of service industries.
In 2021, payroll per employee equaled $14,940 for the industry, which ranks it in the top 20% of service
industries. Payroll per employee has grew at an annual rate of 2.1% over the past 3 years.

Section One
Revenue & Growth Benchmarks

Industry Growth Details
Industry Revenue ($ Millions)
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
($ Millions) 26,073 27,114 28,787 30,883 33,088 34,279 36,189 25,224 33,032 36,911 43,064
Annual Growth 4.0% 6.2% 7.3% 7.1% 3.6% 5.6% -30.3% 31.0% 11.7% 3.9%
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Compound Annual Growth Rate -1.2% 3-Year 1.4% 5-Year 20
Number of Companies
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
Companies 25,583 26,480 27,366 28,185 28,712 29,152 29,657 28,571 29,599 30,020 30,590
Annual Growth 3.5% 3.3% 3.0% 1.9% 1.5% 1.7% -3.7% 3.6% 1.4% 0.5%
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67
Compound Annual Growth Rate 0.5% 3-Year 1.0% 5-Year
Number of Locations (i.e., separate facilities, offices, or retail locations)
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
Locations 30,393 31,715 32,712 33,977 34,806 35,400 36,118 34,669 36,297 36,849 38,760
Annual Growth 4.3% 3.1% 3.9% 2.4% 1.7% 2.0% -4.0% 4.7% 1.5% 1.3%
104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114
To get a macro level view of the Gyms and Fitness Centers industry, below are the historical details and industry
growth forecasts for total industry revenue, number of companies, and number of locations.
-
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
22,000
24,000
26,000
28,000
30,000
32,000
-
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000

Growth Benchmarks
Revenue per Company ($ Thousands)
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
($ Thousands) 1,019 1,024 1,052 1,096 1,152 1,176 1,220 883 1,116 1,230 1,408
Annual Growth 0.5% 2.7% 4.2% 5.2% 2.0% 3.8% -27.7% 26.4% 10.2% 3.4%
Compound Annual Growth Rate -1.7% 3-Year 0.4% 5-Year
Revenue per Location ($ Thousands)
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
($ Thousands) 858 855 880 909 951 968 1,002 728 910 1,002 1,111
Annual Growth -0.3% 2.9% 3.3% 4.6% 1.9% 3.5% -27.4% 25.1% 10.1% 2.6%
Locations per Company
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
Loc. per Comp. 1.19 1.20 1.20 1.21 1.21 1.21 1.22 1.21 1.23 1.23 1.27
Annual Growth 0.8% -0.2% 0.8% 0.6% 0.2% 0.3% -0.4% 1.1% 0.1% 0.8%
Below are the normalized growth benchmarks for the Gyms and Fitness Centers industry, including revenue per
company, revenue per location, and locations per company. These metrics are typically better to use to benchmark a
company's performance, since they normalize for company and location growth.
-
500
1,000
1,500
-
500
1,000
1,500
1.10
1.15
1.20
1.25
1.30

Breakdown of Top Product Lines
Breakdown of Sales by Top Product Lines (%)
66.0%
19 66% #REF! 9
6.7%
20 7% #REF! 10
6.5%
21 7% #REF! 11
6.2%
22 6% #REF! 12
2.1%
23 2% #REF! 13
1.8%
24 2% #REF! 14
1.7%
25 2% #REF! 15
1.6%
26 2% #REF! 16
1.4%
27 1% #REF! 17
0.9%
28 1% #REF! 18
Program service revenue including
government fees and contracts
Meals, snacks, other food items,
and nonalcoholic beverages,
prepared and served or dispensed,
for immediate consumption
All other recreation, sports, and
fitness services
Leisure, recreational, and athletic
instructional programs
Child day care services
Ice skating rink services
Private contributions, gifts, and
grants
Retail sales of other goods, not
elsewhere classified
Below represents Gyms and Fitness Centers industry sales as a percentage of the top product lines, which is used to
highlight potential growth opportunities, strengths, and weaknesses.
Fitness evaluation and personal
fitness training services
Fitness and recreational sports
center services, except roller and
ice skating rink services
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Services Sector Growth
Sales Size & Growth 5-Yr CAGR Sales of Sector ($ Billions)
2009 2014
Finance and insurance 5.4% ##### 5,341
$ 52
Health care and social assistance 5.1% ##### 3,199
$ 62
Prof., scientific & technical services 7.0% 66.70
$ 2,327
$ 541
Information 5.9% 58.95
$ 1,944
$ 51
Transportation and warehousing 5.1% 29.06
$ 1,170
$ 48
Accommodation and food services 3.3% 28.03
$ 1,027
$ 72
Admin., support & waste mgmt. services 6.6% 24.84
$ 1,274
$ 56
Utilities 2.2% 612
$ 221
Real estate and rental and leasing 6.1% ##### 808
$ 53
Other services (except public admin.) 6.3% ##### 701
$ 81
Educational services 6.3% ##### 583
$ 611
Arts, entertainment, and recreation 4.5% 30.89
$ 329
$ 71
8.29
$ 11
$
Number of Employees & Growth 5-Yr CAGR Number of Employees
77.00
$ 3,779
$
Finance and insurance 2.9% ##### ##### 52
Health care and social assistance 2.4% ##### ##### 62
Prof., scientific & technical services 3.1% 66.70
$ ##### 541
$ ##### 51
$ ##### 48
$ ##### 72
$ ##### 56
Utilities 1.1% ##### 221
Real estate and rental and leasing 2.9% ##### ##### 53
Other services (except public admin.) 2.7% ##### ##### 81
Educational services 1.6% ##### ##### 611
$ ##### 71
35.43
$ 40
$
Below is the size and growth of all of the major service subsectors, which is typically utilized to understand how an
industry is performing against the macro economy.
$5,341
$3,199
$2,327
$1,944
$1,170
$1,027
$1,274
$612
$808
$701
$583
$329
$- $1,000 $2,000 $3,000 $4,000 $5,000 $6,000
7,234,552
22,120,264
10,243,780
3,963,801
4,731,137
13,940,888
12,903,390
674,996
2,432,786
6,282,249
3,979,154
2,357,783
- 5,000,000 10,000,000 15,000,000 20,000,000 25,000,000

Income vs. Revenue Growth Matrix
category #N/A profit
52
Finance and insurance 5% 17%
62
Health care & social 6% 7%
541
Prof., scientific & technical 8% 8%
51
Information 8% 10%
48
Transp. and warehousing 6% 5%
72
Accom. and food 2% 7%
56
Admin., support & waste 7% 6%
221 Utilities 2% 2%
53
611
Education 7% 7%
71
Arts, entert., and recreation 4% 7%
7E+05 Gyms and Fitness Centers
-1% 6%
Similar to the famous BCG Matrix, though substituting net income margin for relative market share and taking it to the
industry level, the Income vs. Revenue Growth Matrix is an insightful tool to create context for an industry and
companies. Where is your industry on the matrix? And, more importantly, where does your company fall on the
matrix?
Industries which can generate high net income margin and high revenue growth are known as the Star industries,
which often attract higher levels of competition chasing the growth. While, those that generate low net income margin
and low revenue growth are known as the Dogs. Often, Dog industries are very mature, and growth comes from
consolidation and driving costs out of the business. Industries with high net income margin and low revenue growth
are Cash Cows, which typically are more mature and have less overall investment, but have nice industry dynamics to
protect the margins of the industry. While Question Mark industries are those that have high revenue growth, but low
net income margin. Companies in Question Mark industries, which can drive competitive differentiation and a higher
net income margin, can often realize significant profit growth.
Health care &
social
Prof., scientific &…
Information
Transp. and
warehousing
Admin., support&
waste
Accom. and food Education
Arts, entert., and
recreation
Gyms and Fitness
Centers
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
-2% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Net
Income
Margin
3-Year Revenue Growth
Cash Cows Stars
Question Marks
Dogs

Sales per Capita by State
77.60563444 Rank $ 1.2183 2017
47 Alabama 47 38 185,988
$ 4874747 ##### #####
14 Alaska 14 100 74,042
$ 739795
30 Arizona 30 70 491,433
$ 7016270
49 Arkansas 49 35 106,098
$ 3004279
10 California 10 108 4,279,809
$ 39536653
15 Colorado 15 97 545,653
$ 5607154
3 Connecticut 3 148 530,269
$ 3588184
13 Delaware 13 103 99,393
$ 961939
21 Florida 21 77 1,608,050
$ 20984400
35 Georgia 35 56 583,982
$ 10429379
25 Hawaii 25 73 104,287
$ 1427538
40 Idaho 40 52 88,533
$ 1716943
8 Illinois 8 115 1,473,201
$ 12802023
34 Indiana 34 57 377,719
$ 6666818
33 Iowa 33 59 184,899
$ 3145711
27 Kansas 27 73 211,612
$ 2913123
44 Kentucky 44 46 204,049
$ 4454189
36 Louisiana 36 54 254,147
$ 4684333
32 Maine 32 60 80,451
$ 1335907
9 Maryland 9 113 683,630
$ 6052177
1Massachusetts 1 173 1,188,511
$ 6859819
31 Michigan 31 66 660,083
$ 9962311
5 Minnesota 5 131 732,545
$ 5576606
48 Mississippi 48 38 112,961
$ 2984100
37 Missouri 37 54 329,856
$ 6113532
22 Montana 22 75 79,233
$ 1050493
20 Nebraska 20 78 149,679
$ 1920076
19 Nevada 19 79 236,861
$ 2998039
6 New Hampshire 6 126 168,586
$ 1342795
4 New Jersey 4 143 1,291,324
$ 9005644
45 New Mexico 45 43 89,594
$ 2088070
2 New York 2 160 3,180,346
$ 19849399
24 North Carolina 24 74 764,763
$ 10273419
23 North Dakota 23 75 56,931
$ 755393
29 Ohio 29 71 833,104
$ 11658609
46 Oklahoma 46 40 158,812
$ 3930864
17 Oregon 17 85 351,763
$ 4142776
16 Pennsylvania 16 86 1,095,247
$ 12805537
11 Rhode Island 11 108 114,154
$ 1059639
43 South Carolina 43 47 237,287
$ 5024369
42 South Dakota 42 49 42,462
$ 869666
41 Tennessee 41 52 345,961
$ 6715984
28 Texas 28 72 2,032,247
$ 28304596
39 Utah 39 52 161,441
$ 3101833
18 Vermont 18 81 50,312
$ 623657
12 Virginia 12 107 902,833
$ 8470020
7 Washington 7 116 858,122
$ 7405743
50 West Virginia 50 32 57,587
$ 1815857
26 Wisconsin 26 73 423,145
$ 5795483
38 Wyoming 38 52 30,294
$ 579315
Below is industry sales per capita by state, which is useful to understand the total market potential by state. The
metric is enhanced when compared to the sales per location in each state. When it states "no data", there wasn't a
sufficient sample size of data for the state.
- 50 100 150 200

Sales as a Percent of Income by State
Rank 1.2183 2017
Alabama 46 0.10% 185,988
$ ############ 35,625
Alaska 16 0.18% 74,042
$ 41,459,811 46,778
Arizona 20 0.17% 491,433
$ 292,108,028 35,979
Arkansas 49 0.09% 106,098
$ 122,546,185 34,723
California 13 0.19% 4,279,809
$ 2,303,870,496 44,980
Colorado 15 0.18% 545,653
$ 300,006,049 45,135
Connecticut 7 0.21% 530,269
$ 251,607,948 58,908
Delaware 8 0.21% 99,393
$ 47,255,723 41,940
Florida 22 0.16% 1,608,050
$ 983,294,332 40,344
Georgia 33 0.13% 583,982
$ 451,280,709 36,869
Hawaii 30 0.14% 104,287
$ 74,144,368 44,024
Idaho 36 0.13% 88,533
$ 69,548,456 33,749
Illinois 6 0.22% 1,473,201
$ 676,053,010 44,815
Indiana 34 0.13% 377,719
$ 294,440,455 36,902
Iowa 35 0.13% 184,899
$ 144,691,308 42,126
Kansas 27 0.15% 211,612
$ 138,672,947 41,835
Kentucky 42 0.12% 204,049
$ 175,463,990 35,041
Louisiana 37 0.12% 254,147
$ 203,725,026 39,413
Maine 32 0.13% 80,451
$ 60,211,912 39,481
Maryland 12 0.19% 683,630
$ 360,250,668 51,971
Massachusetts 1 0.26% 1,188,511
$ 451,994,165 54,687
Michigan 29 0.15% 660,083
$ 450,847,081 37,497
Minnesota 3 0.25% 732,545
$ 295,798,390 46,227
Mississippi 44 0.10% 112,961
$ 108,459,722 33,073
Missouri 39 0.12% 329,856
$ 266,920,797 39,049
Montana 19 0.17% 79,233
$ 46,123,674 37,370
Nebraska 25 0.15% 149,679
$ 96,762,103 43,143
Nevada 17 0.18% 236,861
$ 133,789,414 37,361
New Hampshire 5 0.22% 168,586
$ 77,309,425 47,058
New Jersey 4 0.23% 1,291,324
$ 563,339,400 53,628
New Mexico 43 0.11% 89,594
$ 81,483,543 35,079
New York 2 0.26% 3,180,346
$ 1,210,641,318 52,095
North Carolina 18 0.17% 764,763
$ 444,872,063 37,049
North Dakota 31 0.14% 56,931
$ 41,277,100 51,893
Ohio 24 0.16% 833,104
$ 531,810,551 39,289
Oklahoma 47 0.09% 158,812
$ 170,790,994 39,006
Oregon 14 0.18% 351,763
$ 192,064,292 38,786
Pennsylvania 21 0.16% 1,095,247
$ 667,117,752 43,616
Rhode Island 9 0.21% 114,154
$ 54,574,642 44,990
South Carolina 40 0.12% 237,287
$ 203,087,627 34,266
South Dakota 45 0.10% 42,462
$ 41,987,994 43,659
Tennessee 41 0.12% 345,961
$ 297,292,992 37,678
Texas 26 0.15% 2,032,247
$ 1,328,682,534 41,471
Utah 38 0.12% 161,441
$ 130,409,737 34,601
Vermont 23 0.16% 50,312
$ 31,877,737 42,994
Virginia 11 0.20% 902,833
$ 459,448,879 47,082
Washington 10 0.21% 858,122
$ 416,816,311 45,413
West Virginia 50 0.08% 57,587
$ 68,864,250 34,477
Wisconsin 28 0.15% 423,145
$ 277,316,642 40,537
Wyoming 48 0.09% 30,294
$ 32,860,964 48,670
Sales as a percent of income helps highlight the consumption differences by state. When it states "no data", there
wasn't a sufficient sample size of data for the state.
0.00% 0.05% 0.10% 0.15% 0.20% 0.25% 0.30%

Sales per Location by State
Rank $ 000s 1 1.218 1.1445
44 Alabama 44 492 185,988
$ 378
$
13 Alaska 13 1,011 74,042
$ 73
$
10 Arizona 10 1,055 491,433
$ 466
$
47 Arkansas 47 450 106,098
$ 236
$
2 California 2 1,344 4,279,809
$ 3,185
$
17 Colorado 17 858 545,653
$ 636
$
12 Connecticut 12 1,034 530,269
$ 513
$
27 Delaware 27 706 99,393
$ 141
$
16 Florida 16 917 1,608,050
$ 1,753
$
26 Georgia 26 708 583,982
$ 825
$
3 Hawaii 3 1,302 104,287
$ 80
$
35 Idaho 35 591 88,533
$ 150
$
5 Illinois 5 1,129 1,473,201
$ 1,305
$
32 Indiana 32 625 377,719
$ 604
$
45 Iowa 45 485 184,899
$ 381
$
18 Kansas 18 840 211,612
$ 252
$
33 Kentucky 33 606 204,049
$ 336
$
39 Louisiana 39 543 254,147
$ 468
$
42 Maine 42 506 80,451
$ 159
$
9 Maryland 9 1,055 683,630
$ 648
$
7Massachusetts 7 1,085 1,188,511
$ 1,095
$
22 Michigan 22 773 660,083
$ 854
$
4 Minnesota 4 1,190 732,545
$ 616
$
46 Mississippi 46 472 112,961
$ 239
$
37 Missouri 37 563 329,856
$ 586
$
43 Montana 43 498 79,233
$ 159
$
28 Nebraska 28 678 149,679
$ 221
$
8 Nevada 8 1,061 236,861
$ 223
$
23New Hampshire 23 759 168,586
$ 222
$
14 New Jersey 14 998 1,291,324
$ 1,294
$
38 New Mexico 38 547 89,594
$ 164
$
1 New York 1 1,532 3,180,346
$ 2,076
$
$ 1,035
$
34 North Dakota 34 592 56,931
$ 96
$
21 Ohio 21 775 833,104
$ 1,075
$
36 Oklahoma 36 566 158,812
$ 280
$
19 Oregon 19 803 351,763
$ 438
$
20 Pennsylvania 20 786 1,095,247
$ 1,393
$
24 Rhode Island 24 756 114,154
$ 151
$
$ 451
$
49 South Dakota 49 379 42,462
$ 112
$
29 Tennessee 29 664 345,961
$ 521
$
6 Texas 6 1,102 2,032,247
$ 1,844
$
31 Utah 31 627 161,441
$ 258
$
41 Vermont 41 517 50,312
$ 97
$
15 Virginia 15 975 902,833
$ 926
$
11 Washington 11 1,053 858,122
$ 815
$
48 West Virginia 48 412 57,587
$ 140
$
30 Wisconsin 30 628 423,145
$ 674
$
50 Wyoming 50 339 30,294
$ 89
$
0
Sales per location highlights the competitive intensity of a state. Those states with really high sales per location, will
most likely face increasing competition. While those with low sales per location will often be consolidated to drive cost
and capital efficiencies. "No data" means there wasn't a sufficient sample size of data for the state.
- 500 1,000 1,500 2,000

Pricing & Inflation
Gyms and Fitness Centers Industry Inflation
(Indexed at 100 in 2006)
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
Avg. Inflation 1.04 1.05 1.08 1.06 1.06 1.07 1.09 1.09 1.10 1.14 1.28
Annual Growth 1.7% 2.1% -1.3% -0.3% 1.3% 1.5% 0.1% 1.4% 3.0% 2.9%
338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348
Gyms and Fitness Centers Industry Inflation
(Indexed at 100 in 2006)
2018 2019 2020 2021
Jan.
1.05 1.08 1.07 1.08 288 300 312 324 1
Feb.
1.06 1.10 1.07 1.08 289 301 313 325 2
Mar.
1.07 1.09 1.07 1.10 290 302 314 326 3
Apr.
1.06 1.09 1.08 1.11 291 303 315 327 4
May
1.05 1.10 1.07 1.11 292 304 316 328 5
Jun.
1.07 1.06 1.07 1.11 293 305 317 329 6
Jul.
1.08 1.06 1.07 1.11 294 306 318 330 7
Aug.
1.07 1.10 1.07 1.11 295 307 319 331 8
Sep.
1.08 1.11 1.07 1.12 296 308 320 332 9
Oct. 1.10 1.10 1.07 1.12 297 309 321 333 10
Nov.
1.10 1.10 1.08 1.12 298 310 322 334 11
Dec.
1.07 1.08 1.08 1.12 299 311 323 335 12
Understanding the pricing and inflation dynamics of an industry is critical to help inform the pricing decisions of a
company. Below is the historical and forecasted inflation of the industry, and the seasonality of inflation over the past
4 years.
-
0.50
1.00
1.50
1.04 1.06 1.08 1.10 1.12 1.14
2018
2019
2020
2021

Consolidation Analysis
Gyms and Fitness Centers Industry
Business Size 2012 2021 5-Yr. Growth #DIV/0!
0-4 13,152 15,461 18% 15,461 224 188 2.2%
5-9 4,011 4,860 21% 4,860 225 189 0.7%
10-19 3,277 4,168 27% 4,168 226 190 0.6%
20-99 3,321 3,965 19% 3,965 227 192 0.6%
100-499 738 835 13% 835 228 193 0.1%
500+ 276 309 12% 309 229 195 0.0%
24775 29599 0 #### 4.2%
Number of Locations
Business Size 2012 2021 5-Yr. Growth #####
0-4 13,169 15,872 21% 15,872 236 196 #DIV/0!
5-9 4,031 4,996 24% 4,996 237 197 #DIV/0!
10-19 3,322 4,317 30% 4,317 238 198 #DIV/0!
20-99 3,653 4,504 23% 4,504 239 200 #DIV/0!
100-499 1,406 1,669 19% 1,669 240 201 #DIV/0!
500+ 3,930 4,939 26% 4,939 241 203 #DIV/0!
29511 36297 0 #### #DIV/0!
Locations per Company
Business Size 2012 2021 5-Yr. Growth
0-4 1.0 1.0 3% 230 204 0.5%
5-9 1.0 1.0 2% 231 205 0.5%
10-19 1.0 1.0 2% 232 206 0.5%
20-99 1.1 1.1 3% 233 208 0.5%
100-499 1.9 2.0 5% 234 209 0.9%
500+ 14.2 16.0 12% 235 211 7.0%
20.264 22.191 9.9%
Number of Companies
While industry level benchmarks are useful, digging into the growth and consolidation dynamics by the size of
companies (e.g., 0-4 employees = small company, 500+ employees = large company) can provide deep context and
insight into the competitive dynamics. Below you have the number of companies, locations and locations per
company by business size and growth.
18%
21%
27%
19%
13%
12%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
Firms - 9-Year Growth (%)
21%
24%
30%
23%
19%
26%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Locations - 9-Year Growth (%)
3%
2%
2%
3%
5%
12%
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%
Establishments per Firm - 9-Year Growth (%)
Number
of
Employees
Number
of
Employees
Number
of
Employees

Employment by Business Size
Number of Employees
0.971 1.0816
0-4 19,910 21,523 10% 21,811 230 204 3.1%
5-9 25,956 30,549 19% 30,958 231 205 4.4%
10-19 44,310 54,405 24% 55,132 232 206 7.9%
20-99 130,519 150,056 17% 152,062 233 208 21.8%
100-499 121,104 138,420 16% 140,270 234 209 20.1%
500+ 239,618 294,626 25% 298,564 235 211 42.7%
581417 698796 0 #### 100.0%
Employees per Company
Business Size 2012 2021 5-Yr. Growth 1.11
0-4 1.5 1.4 -7% 236 196 #DIV/0!
5-9 6.5 6.4 -2% 237 197 #DIV/0!
10-19 13.5 13.2 -2% 238 198 #DIV/0!
20-99 39.3 38.3 -2% 239 200 #DIV/0!
100-499 164.1 168.0 2% 240 201 #DIV/0!
500+ 868.2 965.2 11% 241 203 #DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
Employees per Location
0.968 1.0606
0-4 1.5 1.4 -9% 230 204 0.7%
5-9 6.4 6.2 -4% 231 205 3.2%
10-19 13.3 12.8 -4% 232 206 6.5%
20-99 35.7 33.8 -6% 233 208 17.5%
100-499 86.1 84.1 -2% 234 209 42.2%
500+ 61.0 60.5 -1% 235 211 29.9%
204.12 198.61
100.0%
Employment dynamics by size of company highlights a deeper level of insight into what size companies are growing
and shrinking. Below are metrics on employees , employees per company, and employees per location segmented by
business size.
10%
19%
24%
17%
16%
25%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
Employment - 9-Year Growth (%)
-7%
-2%
-2%
-2%
2%
11%
-10% -5% 0% 5% 10% 15%
Employees per Company - 9-Year Growth (%)
-9%
-4%
-4%
-6%
-2%
-1%
-10% -8% -6% -4% -2% 0%
Employees per Location - 9-Year Growth (%)
Number
of
Employees
Number
of
Employees
Number
of
Employees

Subsector Analysis (1/2)
5-Yr. Growth - # of Companies
Subsector
Finance and insurance 1.7% ##### ##### 52 441
Health care and social assistance 1.6% ##### ##### 62 442
Professional, scientific & technical svcs. 1.4% 66.70
$ ##### 541 4431
$ ##### 51 444
$ ##### 48 445
$ ##### 72 4461
$ ##### 56 4471
Utilities 0.6% ##### 221 448
Real estate and rental and leasing 1.4% ##### ##### 53 451
Other services (except public admin.) 1.4% ##### ##### 81 452
Educational services 1.2% ##### ##### 611 454
$ ##### 71 722
1.0% 713940 713940
5-Yr. Growth of Locations
Subsector
$ ##### 541 4431
$ ##### 51 444
$ ##### 48 445
$ ##### 72 4461
$ ##### 56 4471
Utilities 0.8% ##### 221 448
$ ##### 71 722
1.3% 713940 713940
Below are 5-year growth figures for number of companies and locations for all of the major services subsectors with
the Gyms and Fitness Centers industry metric at the bottom of the chart.
1.7%
1.6%
1.4%
1.5%
1.2%
1.0%
1.5%
0.6%
1.4%
1.4%
1.2%
0.6%
1.0%
0.0% 0.5% 1.0% 1.5% 2.0%
5-Year CAGR (%) - Number of Companies
2.1%
1.9%
1.8%
1.7%
1.3%
1.2%
1.9%
0.8%
1.8%
1.8%
1.5%
0.8%
1.3%
0.0% 0.5% 1.0% 1.5% 2.0% 2.5%
5-Year CAGR (%) - Number of Locations

Subsector Analysis (2/2)
5-Yr. Growth of Employees
Subsector
$ ##### 541 4431
$ ##### 51 444
$ ##### 48 445
$ ##### 72 4461
$ ##### 56 4471
Utilities 1.1% ##### 221 448
$ ##### 71 722
0.5% 713940 713940
5-Yr. Gwth. - Payroll per Empl.
Subsector
$ ##### 541 4431
$ ##### 51 444
$ ##### 48 445
$ ##### 72 4461
$ ##### 56 4471
Utilities 1.8% ##### 221 448
$ ##### 71 722
2.2% 713940 713940
Below are 5-year growth figures for number of employees and payroll per employee for all major services subsectors
with the Gyms and Fitness Centers industry metric at the bottom of the chart.
2.9%
2.4%
3.1%
2.8%
1.1%
0.9%
3.0%
1.1%
2.9%
2.7%
1.6%
0.8%
0.5%
0.0% 0.5% 1.0% 1.5% 2.0% 2.5% 3.0% 3.5%
5-Year CAGR (%) - Employee Growth
2.4%
1.9%
2.2%
2.1%
2.2%
2.0%
2.2%
1.8%
2.3%
1.9%
2.2%
2.0%
2.2%
0.0% 0.5% 1.0% 1.5% 2.0% 2.5%
5-Year CAGR (%) - Payroll per Employee

Section Two
Costs, Capital & Profit Benchmarks

Profitability & Financial Ratio Analysis
Percent of Companies that are Profitable
Total 12148
8
ProfitableUnprofitable
Profitable 62838 61% 39%
Unprofitable
58650
Average Net Income as a Percent of Revenue
-10.5% -87.325 Receipts Net Income
5E+07 Deficit -5E+06
10.2% Receipts Deficit
5E+07
Unprofitable Companies
-11.3%
Profitable Companies
13.5%
Financial Ratios
Total Revenues
Total Assets
#####
Total Asset Turnover 0.83
372 Total Assets
Net Worth #####
Fixed Asset Turnover 0.94
373 Total Liabilities
#####
Fixed to Total Assets Ratio 0.88
374 Total Sales#####
Total Assets to Total Liabilities 1.31
375 Fixed Assets
#####
Return on Sales 0.06
376 Net Income#####
Return on Total Assets 0.05
377 After Tax Income
#####
Return on Net Worth 0.21
378
Total Liabilities to Net Worth 3.23
379
Fixed Assets to Net Worth 3.73
380
Solvency Ratio 0.13
381
Below are benchmarks for the percent of companies that are profitable, average net income as a percent of revenue,
and financial ratios including total asset turnover, fixed asset turnover, fixed assets to total assets ratio, total assets
to total liabilities ratio, return on sales, return on total assets, return on net worth, total liabilities to net worth ratio,
fixed assets to net worth ratio, and solvency ratio.
Profitable
Companies
Unprofitable
Companies
Profitable
61%
Not Profitable
39%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
-10.5%
10.2%
-15.0% -10.0% -5.0% 0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0%
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0

Operating Expenses
Industry Operating Expenses
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
($ Millions) 23,462 24,435 25,676 27,737 29,711 30,057 31,430 25,251 29,448 33,496 37,099
Annual Growth 4.1% 5.1% 8.0% 7.1% 1.2% 4.6% -19.7% 16.6% 13.7% 2.6%
245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255
Industry Revenue vs. Operating Expense Growth
revenue 4.0% 6.2% 7.3% 7.1% 3.6% 5.6% -30.3% 31.0% 11.7% 3.9% #REF!
costs 4.1% 5.1% 8.0% 7.1% 1.2% 4.6% -19.7% 16.6% 13.7% 2.6% #REF!
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
Operating Expense as a Percent of Revenue
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
OPEX / Revenue 90% 89.2% 89.8% 89.8% 87.7% 86.8% 100.1% 89.1% 90.7% 86.1%
Below is total industry operating expense, industry revenue vs. industry opex growth, and opex as a percentage of
revenue for the Gyms and Fitness Centers industry. The data sets include historicals and forecasts.
-
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
-40.0%
-30.0%
-20.0%
-10.0%
0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
Revenue
Growth
Expense
Growth
75%
80%
85%
90%
95%
100%
105%

Operating Expenses per Company & Location
Industry Operating Expenses per Company
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
($ Thousands) 917 923 938 984 1,035 1,031 1,060 884 995 1,116 1,213
Annual Growth 0.6% 1.7% 4.9% 5.2% -0.4% 2.8% -16.6% 12.6% 12.2% 2.1%
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Industry Operating Expenses per Location
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
($ Thousands) 772 770 785 816 854 849 870 728 811 909 957
Annual Growth -0.2% 1.9% 4.0% 4.6% -0.5% 2.5% -16.3% 11.4% 12.0% 1.3%
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Compound Annual Growth Rate -1.5% 3-Year -0.1% 5-Year
Revenue Growth per Location vs. Operating Expense Growth per Location
revenue -0.3% 2.9% 3.3% 4.6% 1.9% 3.5% -27.4% 25.1% 10.1% 2.6%
costs -0.2% 1.9% 4.0% 4.6% -0.5% 2.5% -16.3% 11.4% 12.0% 1.3%
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
Given the dynamics of company and location growth and consolidation in the industry, it is important to normalize
operating expense growth by company and location, which are below. This serves as a better benchmark for
operating expense comparisons.
-
500
1,000
1,500
-40.0%
-30.0%
-20.0%
-10.0%
0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
Revenue
Growth
Expense
Growth
-
500
1,000
1,500

Operating Expense Detail
Operating Expense Breakdown
42.0% 3
33.7% 4 33.7%
3.1% 6 3.1%
0.1% 7 0.1%
0.4% 8 0.4%
3.8% 9 3.8%
0.9% 10 0.9%
11.0% #REF!
6.4% 19 6.4%
1.1% 22 1.1%
2.3% 15 2.3%
0.4% 16 0.4%
0.8% 29 0.8%
17.3% 30
0.4% 11 0.4%
1.3% 18 1.3%
1.2% 21 1.2%
9.9% 24 9.9%
4.4% 12 4.4%
1.3%
0.4% 27 0.4%
0.6% 28 0.6%
0.4% 13 0.4%
10.8% #REF!
3.5% 23 3.5%
2.5% 30 2.5%
4.8% 25 4.8%
17.6% 26
17.6% 31 17.6%
32
Other Operating Expenses
Other Operating Expenses
Taxes and license fees
Professional and technical services
Advertising and promotional services
Miscellaneous Expenses
Expensed purchases of software
Communication services
Data processing & other computer services
IT Expenses
Other materials, parts, and supplies
Purchased electricity
Annual Payroll
Employee Expenses
Repairs and maintenance to buildings
Lease and rent for buildings, offices, stores
Property Expenses
Depreciation and amortization charges
Repairs, maint. to machinery and equip.
Lease and rent for machinery and equip.
Expensed equipment
Equipment Expenses
Below outlines the breakdown of operating expenses, broken down by employee, property, equipment, IT, and other
categories. Operating expense detail is typically used in a gap analysis to highlight opportunities where a company
has variances to the benchmark expense data.
Contract labor costs, incl. temporary help
Other fringe benefits
Defined contribution plans
Defined benefit pension plans
Health insurance
Water, sewer, refuse, other utility payments
Purchased fuels (except motor fuels)
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Employee Productivity & Industry Employment
Productivity - Revenue (output) per Employee
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
Rev. per Emp. ($) 43,385 42,553 44,277 45,958 47,307 48,022 49,172 40,297 47,902 51,967 57,577
Annual Growth -1.9% 4.1% 3.8% 2.9% 1.5% 2.4% -18.0% 18.9% 8.5% 2.6%
102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111
Compound Annual Growth Rate -0.1% 3-Year 0.8% 5-Year 20
Total Industry Employees
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
# of Employees 600,962 637,182 650,158 671,982 699,419 713,821 735,981 625,939 689,579 710,270 747,944
Annual Growth 6.0% 2.0% 3.4% 4.1% 2.1% 3.1% -15.0% 10.2% 3.0% 1.3%
151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161
Employees per Company
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
Emp. Per Company 23 24 24 24 24 24 25 22 23 24 24
Annual Growth 2.4% -1.3% 0.4% 2.2% 0.5% 1.3% -11.7% 6.3% 1.6% 0.8%
158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167
Compound Annual Growth Rate -1.6% 3-Year -0.5% 5-Year
Below are date sets on productivity (revenue per employee), total industry employees, and employees per company.
Each data set includes historicals and forecasts.
-
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
-
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
20
22
24
26

Productivity by State - Revenue (output) per Employee
Rank 1.0262 07 population
Alabama 37 34,674 5,364
$ 4,627,851 35,625
Alaska 27 38,035 1,947
$ 683,478 46,778
Arizona 14 43,097 11,403
$ 6,338,755 35,979
Arkansas 8 46,783 2,268
$ 2,834,797 34,723
California 4 53,531 79,950
$ 36,553,215 44,980
Colorado 21 40,127 13,598
$ 4,861,515 45,135
Connecticut 13 43,463 12,200
$ 3,502,309 58,908
Delaware 33 36,385 2,732
$ 588,292 41,940
Florida 1 60,344 26,648
$ 18,251,243 40,344
Georgia 12 44,193 13,214
$ 9,544,750 36,869
Hawaii 5 53,207 1,960
$ 1,283,388 44,024
Idaho 43 32,025 2,765
$ 1,499,402 33,749
Illinois 9 46,130 31,936
$ 12,852,548 44,815
Indiana 38 34,493 10,950
$ 6,345,289 36,902
Iowa 50 21,779 8,490
$ 2,988,046 42,126
Kansas 23 39,331 5,380
$ 2,775,997 41,835
Kentucky 34 35,879 5,687
$ 4,241,474 35,041
Louisiana 7 47,057 5,401
$ 4,293,204 39,413
Maine 41 33,149 2,427
$ 1,317,207 39,481
Maryland 10 46,068 14,840
$ 5,618,344 51,971
Massachusetts 11 45,907 25,890
$ 6,449,755 54,687
Michigan 18 41,858 15,769
$ 10,071,822 37,497
Minnesota 16 42,792 17,119
$ 5,197,621 46,227
Mississippi 28 38,010 2,972
$ 2,918,785 33,073
Missouri 44 30,613 10,775
$ 5,878,415 39,049
Montana 45 30,315 2,614
$ 957,861 37,370
Nebraska 46 29,914 5,004
$ 1,774,571 43,143
Nevada 3 54,735 4,327
$ 2,565,382 37,361
New Hampshire 24 38,719 4,354
$ 1,315,828 47,058
New Jersey 17 42,454 30,417
$ 8,685,920 53,628
New Mexico 31 37,407 2,395
$ 1,969,915 35,079
New York 2 54,873 57,958
$ 19,297,729 52,095
North Carolina 32 36,401 21,009
$ 9,061,032 37,049
North Dakota 42 32,217 1,767
$ 639,715 51,893
Ohio 30 37,570 22,175
$ 11,466,917 39,289
Oklahoma 22 40,020 3,968
$ 3,617,316 39,006
Oregon 20 41,195 8,539
$ 3,747,455 38,786
Pennsylvania 25 38,551 28,410
$ 12,432,792 43,616
Rhode Island 36 34,698 3,290
$ 1,057,832 44,990
South Carolina 26 38,455 6,170
$ 4,407,709 34,266
South Dakota 48 29,833 1,423
$ 796,214 43,659
Tennessee 29 37,706 9,175
$ 6,156,719 37,678
Texas 6 50,082 40,579
$ 23,904,380 41,471
Utah 35 34,860 4,631
$ 2,645,330 34,601
Vermont 47 29,914 1,682
$ 621,254 42,994
Virginia 19 41,780 21,609
$ 7,712,091 47,082
Washington 15 43,009 19,952
$ 6,468,424 45,413
West Virginia 39 34,031 1,692
$ 1,812,035 34,477
Wisconsin 49 26,294 16,093
$ 5,601,640 40,537
Wyoming 40 33,394 907
$ 522,830 48,670
Below is productivity (total revenue divided by total number of employees) by state. When it states "no data", there
wasn't a sufficient sample size of data for the state.
- 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000

Industry Payroll
Payroll per Employee
810292
4.195
828084
7.97
860789
6.915
898355
9.652
958901
3.806
100329
08.43
106686
31.62
894547
1.603
103022
42.18
112088
82.47
131635
47.06
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
($) 13,483 12,996 13,240 13,369 13,710 14,055 14,496 14,291 14,940 15,781 17,600
Annual Growth -3.6% 1.9% 1.0% 2.6% 2.5% 3.1% -1.4% 4.5% 5.6% 2.8%
198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208
Compound Annual Growth Rate 2.1% 3-Year 2.2% 5-Year 20
Payroll per Company
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
($ Thousands) 317 313 315 319 334 344 360 313 348 373 430
Annual Growth -1.3% 0.6% 1.3% 4.8% 3.0% 4.5% -13.0% 11.2% 7.3% 3.6%
112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121
Payroll per Location
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 fcst 2026 fcst
($ Thousands) 267 261 263 264 275 283 295 258 284 304 340
Annual Growth -2.1% 0.8% 0.5% 4.2% 2.9% 4.2% -12.6% 10.0% 7.2% 2.8%
158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167
One of the consistently difficult strategic questions for every company is "are we paying our people the right
amount?" In the next sections, we'll tackle this question from many different angles. The first benchmarks below cover
payroll per employee, company, and location. In particular, payroll per employee is a strong metric to benchmark
against, both in terms of the dollar figure but also the historical and forecasted growth.
-
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
-
100
200
300
400
500
-
100
200
300
400

Payroll by Business Size
1.3022
Payroll per Company ($000s)
Business Size 2012 2021 5-Yr. Growth #DIV/0!
0-4 35 48 38% 5E+05 242 7E+05 212 0.0%
5-9 84 111 33% 3E+05 243 5E+05 213 0.0%
10-19 177 231 31% 6E+05 244 1E+06 214 0.0%
20-99 479 604 26% 2E+06 245 2E+06 216 0.1%
100-499 2,097 2,756 31% 2E+06 246 2E+06 217 0.4%
500+ 12,027 17,498 45% 3E+06 247 5E+06 219 2.5%
14899 21249 3.0%
Business Size 2012 2021 5-Yr. Growth #####
0-4 35 47 35% 236 196 #DIV/0!
5-9 83 108 30% 237 197 #DIV/0!
10-19 174 223 28% 238 198 #DIV/0!
20-99 435 532 22% 239 200 #DIV/0!
100-499 1,101 1,379 25% 240 201 #DIV/0!
500+ 845 1,096 30% 241 203 #DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
7-Yr.
Business Size 2012 2021 Growth #REF!
0-4 23,168 34,332 48% 230 204 ######
5-9 12,947 17,435 35% 231 205 ######
10-19 13,072 17,461 34% 232 206 ######
20-99 12,179 15,757 29% 233 208 ######
100-499 12,781 16,404 28% 234 209 ######
500+ 13,853 18,130 31% 235 211 ######
88000 119518 ######
2021 Payroll per Employee
Payroll by business size metrics can create insights into how different size companies are fairing and how they pay for
talent. Typically, the payroll per employee by business size (last chart) tells an interesting story about how different
size companies compensate their talent.
Payroll per Establ. ($000s)
Payroll per Employee ($)
38%
33%
31%
26%
31%
45%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Payroll per Firm - 9-Year Growth (%)
35%
30%
28%
22%
25%
30%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
Payroll per Establishment - 9-Year Growth (%)
34,332
17,435
17,461
15,757
16,404
18,130
- 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000
2021 Payroll per Employee
Number
of
Employees
Number
of
Employees
Number
of
Employees

Payroll per Employee by State
Rank 1.1496 07 population
35 Alabama 35 13,531 13,531
$ 4,627,851 35,625
24 Alaska 24 14,569 14,569
$ 683,478 46,778
4 Arizona 4 19,253 19,253
$ 6,338,755 35,979
16 Arkansas 16 15,760 15,760
$ 2,834,797 34,723
5 California 5 19,092 19,092
$ 36,553,215 44,980
11 Colorado 11 16,579 16,579
$ 4,861,515 45,135
6 Connecticut 6 17,594 17,594
$ 3,502,309 58,908
25 Delaware 25 14,475 14,475
$ 588,292 41,940
8 Florida 8 17,157 17,157
$ 18,251,243 40,344
22 Georgia 22 14,946 14,946
$ 9,544,750 36,869
1 Hawaii 1 21,288 21,288
$ 1,283,388 44,024
44 Idaho 44 11,935 11,935
$ 1,499,402 33,749
13 Illinois 13 16,149 16,149
$ 12,852,548 44,815
41 Indiana 41 12,757 12,757
$ 6,345,289 36,902
50 Iowa 50 9,709 9,709
$ 2,988,046 42,126
27 Kansas 27 14,003 14,003
$ 2,775,997 41,835
30 Kentucky 30 13,787 13,787
$ 4,241,474 35,041
19 Louisiana 19 15,610 15,610
$ 4,293,204 39,413
34 Maine 34 13,578 13,578
$ 1,317,207 39,481
17 Maryland 17 15,739 15,739
$ 5,618,344 51,971
10Massachusetts 10 16,829 16,829
$ 6,449,755 54,687
15 Michigan 15 15,826 15,826
$ 10,071,822 37,497
14 Minnesota 14 15,910 15,910
$ 5,197,621 46,227
33 Mississippi 33 13,648 13,648
$ 2,918,785 33,073
42 Missouri 42 12,660 12,660
$ 5,878,415 39,049
46 Montana 46 11,623 11,623
$ 957,861 37,370
49 Nebraska 49 10,718 10,718
$ 1,774,571 43,143
3 Nevada 3 19,294 19,294
$ 2,565,382 37,361
36New Hampshire 36 13,482 13,482
$ 1,315,828 47,058
12 New Jersey 12 16,506 16,506
$ 8,685,920 53,628
32 New Mexico 32 13,664 13,664
$ 1,969,915 35,079
2 New York 2 20,008 20,008
$ 19,297,729 52,095
28 North Carolina 28 13,843 13,843
$ 9,061,032 37,049
47 North Dakota 47 11,506 11,506
$ 639,715 51,893
37 Ohio 37 13,464 13,464
$ 11,466,917 39,289
20 Oklahoma 20 15,532 15,532
$ 3,617,316 39,006
18 Oregon 18 15,724 15,724
$ 3,747,455 38,786
29 Pennsylvania 29 13,839 13,839
$ 12,432,792 43,616
31 Rhode Island 31 13,696 13,696
$ 1,057,832 44,990
40 South Carolina 40 13,090 13,090
$ 4,407,709 34,266
43 South Dakota 43 12,030 12,030
$ 796,214 43,659
26 Tennessee 26 14,091 14,091
$ 6,156,719 37,678
7 Texas 7 17,464 17,464
$ 23,904,380 41,471
38 Utah 38 13,232 13,232
$ 2,645,330 34,601
21 Vermont 21 15,171 15,171
$ 621,254 42,994
23 Virginia 23 14,820 14,820
$ 7,712,091 47,082
9 Washington 9 17,001 17,001
$ 6,468,424 45,413
45 West Virginia 45 11,623 11,623
$ 1,812,035 34,477
48 Wisconsin 48 11,173 11,173
$ 5,601,640 40,537
39 Wyoming 39 13,128 13,128
$ 522,830 48,670
The competition for talent is local, with the supply and demand dynamics of each state driving
compensation. When it states "no data", there wasn't a sufficient sample size of data for the state.
- 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000

Job Categorization Benchmarks
Job Categories as a % of Total Employees
Management & Finance 18.0%
Management 3.1% 3.1% 164
Office and Administrative Support 14.1% 14.1% 166
Business and Financial Operations 0.8% 0.8% 165
Legal 0.0% 0.0% 167
Sales & Marketing 9.4%
Sales and Related 4.8% 4.8% 168
Marketing 4.6% 4.6% 169
Technology, Engineering & Science 0.7%
IT 0.2% 0.2% 170
Technical & Health 0.5% 0.5% 171
Engineers 0.0% 0.0% 172
Scientists 0.0% 0.0% 173
Service, Support & Training 60.0%
Service & Care 54.1% 54.1% 174
Food Preparation & Serving 3.6% 3.6% 175
Education & Training 1.5% 1.5% 176
Community & Social Service 0.2% 0.2% 177
Healthcare Support 0.6% 0.6% 178
Operations 12.0%
Transp. and Material Moving 0.3% 0.3% 179
Installation, Maint., and Repair 2.2% 2.2% 180
Production 0.1% 0.1% 181
Building and Grounds Maintenance 4.6% 4.6% 185
Construction and Extraction 0.0% 0.0% 183
Protective Service 4.8% 4.8% 184
Ensuring your company has the right people in the right roles, is just as important as having the right number of
people and the proper compensation. Pay particular attention to management ratios, and the three higher-level
categories of 1. management & finance, 2. sales, service & marketing, and 3. operations.
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

Job Categorization Pay Ranges
Gyms and Fitness Centers 1.0513
Industry Pay Ranges
Bottom Bottom Top Top
Management & Finance 10% 25% Mean 75% 90%
Management $17.34 $23.84 $42.81 $51.94 $78.82 187
Office and Administrative Support $9.49 $11.23 $15.13 $17.06 $22.77 189
Business and Financial Operations $14.06 $19.01 $28.44 $34.19 $47.34 188
Legal # # # # # 190
Sales & Marketing 38
Sales and Related $9.61 $11.44 $19.59 $21.49 $36.87 191
Arts, Design, Entertainment, Media $10.36 $13.14 $22.76 $28.84 $40.64 192
Technology, Engineering & Science 42
Computers $20.43 $27.52 $40.37 $52.94 $64.84 193
Technical & Healthcare $12.41 $17.91 $28.46 $37.16 $46.81 194
Engineering & Architecture # # # # # 195
Life, Physical & Social Science # # # # # 196
Service, Support & Training 50
Personal Service & Care $9.88 $12.65 $20.24 $25.75 $34.21 197
Food Preparation & Serving $9.43 $10.65 $14.76 $16.07 $20.91 198
Education, Training & Library $9.81 $12.21 $19.10 $23.76 $32.21 199
Community & Social Service # # # # # 200
Healthcare Support $11.28 $13.68 $22.70 $28.27 $39.99 201
Operations
Transportation and Material Moving $10.09 $12.30 $16.25 $18.54 $24.24 202.00
Installation, Maint., and Repair $11.19 $13.69 $20.08 $24.68 $32.27 203.00
Production $12.45 $13.09 $17.14 $19.49 $24.13 204.00
Building and Grounds Maintenance $10.07 $12.08 $15.23 $16.60 $21.14 205.00
Construction and Extraction $13.76 $15.64 $22.59 $25.62 $37.84 206.00
Protective Service $9.06 $10.01 $12.83 $13.68 $17.06 207.00
Below are the pay ranges of the high-level job categories. The bottom 10% represents the average that the 10%
lowest paid receive in hourly pay, while the top 90% represents the average that the 10% highest paid receive in
hourly pay. In those instances where the sample size was not statistically significant, the figures are left blank.

Top 20 Industry Jobs -Percent of Employment
Top Jobs - Percent of Total Employment
1 36.0% 24
2 8.7% 25
3 6.9% 26
4 5.7% 27
5 4.4% 28
6 4.4% 29
7 4.1% 30
8 3.7% 31
9 3.1% 32
10 2.0% 33
11 1.8% 34
12 1.3% 35
13 1.1% 36
14 1.1% 37
15 0.7% 38
16 0.7% 39
17 0.7% 40
18 0.6% 41
19 0.5% 42
20 0.5% 43
Athletes, Coaches, Umpires, and Related Workers
Waiters and Waitresses
Self-Enrichment Teachers
Fast Food and Counter Workers
Secretaries and Administrative Assistants
Massage Therapists
First-Line Supervisors of Office and Administrative
Support Workers
Counter and Rental Clerks and Parts Salespersons
General and Operations Managers
Miscellaneous Sales Representatives, Services
Building Cleaning Workers
Customer Service Representatives
Miscellaneous Protective Service Workers
Childcare Workers
Maintenance and Repair Workers, General
Grounds Maintenance Workers
Office Clerks, General
Receptionists and Information Clerks
Miscellaneous Entertainment Attendants and Related
Workers
Recreation and Fitness Workers
The below metrics go into the details of the industry's top jobs ranked by percent of total employment.
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Top 20 Jobs - Pay Bands
1.05
Top Detailed Jobs - Pay Bands Bottom Bottom Top Top
10% 25% Mean 75% 90%
1 $10.66 $13.74 $23.07 $29.44 $39.26 24
2 $9.33 $10.77 $13.33 $15.13 $16.83 25
3 $9.30 $10.47 $13.48 $15.59 $19.03 26
4 $8.78 $9.70 $12.26 $13.83 $16.36 27
5 * * * * * 28
6 $8.99 $9.94 $12.25 $13.23 $16.00 29
7 $9.76 $11.56 $14.69 $16.01 $22.12 30
8 $10.00 $11.90 $14.63 $16.15 $19.87 31
9 $9.86 $12.68 $22.05 $26.06 $42.09 32
10 $17.17 $23.66 $42.57 $50.51 $79.70 33
11 $11.04 $13.41 $19.24 $23.48 $30.77 34
12 $9.25 $10.29 $15.40 $18.62 $23.86 35
13 $8.97 $10.11 $12.61 $14.30 $16.25 36
14 $9.80 $12.45 $19.86 $25.11 $33.15 37
15 $9.32 $10.13 $13.40 $15.45 $19.60 38
16 $10.10 $12.25 $15.32 $17.48 $21.53 39
17 $9.16 $9.89 $13.54 $14.88 $20.95 40
18 $13.91 $16.81 $24.98 $30.11 $39.27 41
19 $10.62 $13.68 $22.84 $28.40 $41.25 42
20 $12.47 $14.70 $21.53 $24.65 $32.16 43
Counter
Secretaries and Administrative Assistants
Massage Therapists
First-Line Supervisors of Office and Administrative
Support Workers
Counter and Rental Clerks and Parts Salespersons
Grounds Maintenance Workers
Waiters and Waitresses
Self-Enrichment Teachers
Fast Food and Counter Workers
Office Clerks, General
Maintenance and Repair Workers, General
General and Operations Managers
Miscellaneous Sales Representatives, Services
Building Cleaning Workers
Customer Service Representatives
Miscellaneous Protective Service Workers
Athletes, Coaches, Umpires, and Related Workers
Childcare Workers
Below are the details of the wage bands for the industry's top jobs. The bottom 10% represents the average that the
10% lowest paid receive in hourly pay, while the top 90% represents the average that the 10% highest paid receive
in hourly pay. In those instances where the sample size was not statistically significant, the figures are left blank.
Receptionists and Information Clerks
Miscellaneous Entertainment Attendants and Related
Workers
Recreation and Fitness Workers

Total Employees by State
Rank Employees 1.08223
Alabama 30 5,657 5,657
$ 4,627,851
Alaska 45 2,053 2,053
$ 683,478
Arizona 20 12,026 12,026
$ 6,338,755
Arkansas 43 2,392 2,392
$ 2,834,797
California 1 84,317 84,317
$ 36,553,215
Colorado 17 14,341 14,341
$ 4,861,515
Connecticut 19 12,867 12,867
$ 3,502,309
Delaware 39 2,881 2,881
$ 588,292
Florida 7 28,103 28,103
$ 18,251,243
Georgia 18 13,936 13,936
$ 9,544,750
Hawaii 44 2,067 2,067
$ 1,283,388
Idaho 38 2,916 2,916
$ 1,499,402
Illinois 4 33,680 33,680
$ 12,852,548
Indiana 21 11,549 11,549
$ 6,345,289
Iowa 25 8,953 8,953
$ 2,988,046
Kansas 29 5,674 5,674
$ 2,775,997
Kentucky 27 5,998 5,998
$ 4,241,474
Louisiana 28 5,696 5,696
$ 4,293,204
Maine 41 2,559 2,559
$ 1,317,207
Maryland 16 15,650 15,650
$ 5,618,344
Massachusetts 8 27,304 27,304
$ 6,449,755
Michigan 15 16,631 16,631
$ 10,071,822
Minnesota 13 18,054 18,054
$ 5,197,621
Mississippi 37 3,134 3,134
$ 2,918,785
Missouri 22 11,363 11,363
$ 5,878,415
Montana 40 2,756 2,756
$ 957,861
Nebraska 31 5,277 5,277
$ 1,774,571
Nevada 34 4,564 4,564
$ 2,565,382
New Hampshire 33 4,592 4,592
$ 1,315,828
New Jersey 5 32,078 32,078
$ 8,685,920
New Mexico 42 2,526 2,526
$ 1,969,915
New York 2 61,123 61,123
$ 19,297,729
North Carolina 11 22,157 22,157
$ 9,061,032
North Dakota 46 1,864 1,864
$ 639,715
Ohio 9 23,386 23,386
$ 11,466,917
Oklahoma 35 4,185 4,185
$ 3,617,316
Oregon 24 9,005 9,005
$ 3,747,455
Pennsylvania 6 29,962 29,962
$ 12,432,792
Rhode Island 36 3,470 3,470
$ 1,057,832
South Carolina 26 6,507 6,507
$ 4,407,709
South Dakota 49 1,501 1,501
$ 796,214
Tennessee 23 9,676 9,676
$ 6,156,719
Texas 3 42,795 42,795
$ 23,904,380
Utah 32 4,884 4,884
$ 2,645,330
Vermont 48 1,774 1,774
$ 621,254
Virginia 10 22,790 22,790
$ 7,712,091
Washington 12 21,042 21,042
$ 6,468,424
West Virginia 47 1,785 1,785
$ 1,812,035
Wisconsin 14 16,972 16,972
$ 5,601,640
Wyoming 50 957 957
$ 522,830
It is always good to know how large the industry talent pool is in a state. "No data" means there wasn't a sufficient
sample size of data for the state.
- 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000

State Population to Every Industry Employee
Pop. Per 545
Rank Employee 0
46 Alabama 46 862 5,657
$ 4874747
13 Alaska 13 360 2,053
$ 739795
31 Arizona 31 583 12,026
$ 7016270
50 Arkansas 50 1,256 2,392
$ 3004279
24 California 24 469 84,317
$ 39536653
19 Colorado 19 391 14,341
$ 5607154
2 Connecticut 2 279 12,867
$ 3588184
8 Delaware 8 334 2,881
$ 961939
41 Florida 41 747 28,103
$ 20984400
42 Georgia 42 748 13,936
$ 10429379
38 Hawaii 38 691 2,067
$ 1427538
32 Idaho 32 589 2,916
$ 1716943
16 Illinois 16 380 33,680
$ 12802023
29 Indiana 29 577 11,549
$ 6666818
10 Iowa 10 351 8,953
$ 3145711
26 Kansas 26 513 5,674
$ 2913123
40 Kentucky 40 743 5,998
$ 4454189
44 Louisiana 44 822 5,696
$ 4684333
27 Maine 27 522 2,559
$ 1335907
18 Maryland 18 387 15,650
$ 6052177
1Massachusetts 1 251 27,304
$ 6859819
33 Michigan 33 599 16,631
$ 9962311
6 Minnesota 6 309 18,054
$ 5576606
48 Mississippi 48 952 3,134
$ 2984100
28 Missouri 28 538 11,363
$ 6113532
17 Montana 17 381 2,756
$ 1050493
14 Nebraska 14 364 5,277
$ 1920076
36 Nevada 36 657 4,564
$ 2998039
4New Hampshire 4 292 4,592
$ 1342795
3 New Jersey 3 281 32,078
$ 9005644
45 New Mexico 45 827 2,526
$ 2088070
7 New York 7 325 61,123
$ 19849399
$ 10273419
20 North Dakota 20 405 1,864
$ 755393
25 Ohio 25 499 23,386
$ 11658609
47 Oklahoma 47 939 4,185
$ 3930864
22 Oregon 22 460 9,005
$ 4142776
21 Pennsylvania 21 427 29,962
$ 12805537
5 Rhode Island 5 305 3,470
$ 1059639
$ 5024369
30 South Dakota 30 579 1,501
$ 869666
39 Tennessee 39 694 9,676
$ 6715984
37 Texas 37 661 42,795
$ 28304596
35 Utah 35 635 4,884
$ 3101833
11 Vermont 11 352 1,774
$ 623657
15 Virginia 15 372 22,790
$ 8470020
12 Washington 12 352 21,042
$ 7405743
49 West Virginia 49 1,018 1,785
$ 1815857
9 Wisconsin 9 341 16,972
$ 5795483
34 Wyoming 34 606 957
$ 579315
Below is the data set of the state residents per each industry employee by state. "No data" means there wasn't a
sufficient sample size of data for the state.
- 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400

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