3. a. Founder: Siddhartha
Gautama
(563-483 B.C.)
b. Sacred texts: Tripitaka
c. Doctrines: Four Noble Truths and
Eight-fold Path
d. God: Non-theistic
e. Issue: Territory conflict in
Mainland Southeast Asia
4.
5. Theravada, the most ancient form of Buddhism, is
the dominant school in Southeast Asia (Thailand,
Myanmar/Burma, Cambodia, and Laos). Its name
translates to "Doctrine of the Elders," and it centers
around the Pali scriptures, transcribed from the oral
tradition taught by the Buddha. By studying these
ancient texts, meditating, and following the eightfold
path, Theravada Buddhists believe they will achieve
Enlightenment. Strong emphasis is also placed on
the monastic community and on heeding the advice
of the wise.
9. The second truth
is that suffering is
caused by craving
and aversion.
Wanting
deprives us of
contentment and
happiness.
10. The truth of
the
cessation of
suffering
(Nirodha)
The third truth is
that suffering can
be overcome and
happiness can be
attained; that
true happiness
and contentment
are possible.
We then have
more time
and energy to
help others.
This is
Nirvana
11. The truth of the
path to the
cessation of
suffering (Magga)
The fourth truth is
that the Noble 8-fold
Path is the path
which leads to the
end of suffering.
15. IN
SUMM
ARY
The Noble 8-fold Path is being
moral (through what we say,
do and our livelihood),
Focusing the mind on being
fully aware of our thoughts
and actions,
and developing wisdom by
understanding the Four
Noble Truths and by
developing compassion for
others.
16. The term "Middle Way" was used in
the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta,
which the Buddhist tradition regards to be
the first teaching that the Buddha
delivered after his awakening. In this
sutta, the Buddha describes the Noble
Eightfold Path as the middle way of
moderation, between the extremes of
sensual indulgence and self-mortification.
17. Give examples of situations
that demonstrate cravings
which may lead to suffering
according to Theravada
Buddhism
18. 9.1. State the Four Noble Truths and the Eight-fold
path
9.2. Give examples of situations that demonstrate
cravings which may lead to suffering according to
Theravada Buddhism
9.3. Explain: The core teaching of Theravada
Buddhism is that life is suffering; suffering is due to
craving; there is a way to overcome craving; and the
way to overcome craving is the Eight-fold Path, the
Middle Way (between pleasure and mortification).
9.4. Evaluate the Eight-fold Path in terms of how it
achieves the Middle Way
19. a. Founder: Siddhartha Gautama (563-483 B.C.)
b. Sacred texts: Sutras
c. Doctrines: Four Noble Truths, Eight-fold Path, The Six
Perfections to become a Bodhisattva (generosity, morality, patience,
perseverance, meditation, and insight)
d. God: non-theistic
e. Issues: Tibet invasion, Engaged activism
f. Universality and growth of sects: Development of Buddhism to
Zen (Chan) Buddhism as the fruit of its encounter with Taoism
20. Mahayana Buddhists teach that
enlightenment can be attained in a
single lifetime, and this can be
accomplished even by a layperson.
The Mahāyānatradition is the largest
major tradition of Buddhismexisting
today, with 53.2% of practitioners,
compared to 35.8% for Theravada and
5.7% for Vajrayana in 2010.
21.
22. The moral discipline of restraint vows to abandon vice, keeps in
mind the negative consequences of vicious acts, and maintains
fidelity to the vow.
The moral discipline of gathering virtuous dharmas gathers merit
by intentionally choosing to act in accordance with one of the six
perfections — joyful effort, generosity, patience, moral discipline,
concentration and wisdom — and by engaging in what are known as
“the precious, noteworthy Dharma actions.
The moral discipline of benefiting others also blocks non-virtue by
keeping one busy in the activity of helping others.
23. "The Six Perfections, or paramitas, are
guides for Mahayana Buddhist practice.
They are virtues to be cultivated to
strengthen practice and bring one to
enlightenment. The Six Perfections
describe the true nature of an
enlightened being, which is to say they
are our own true nature.
24. In fact, the essence of Buddhism is to wish for all beings to be
free from suffering and to be happy . This is not found in any
other religions or doctrines. Some people might think: “ Since
it is basically impossible, this mentality is not necessarily all
that noble”. But in reality, regardless whether or not it is
doable, the merit of arousing such Bodhichitta is enormous. As
it is stipulated in the “Jewel Heap Sutra (Ratnakūṭa Sutra)”,
if Bodhichitta has color and form, it cannot even be contained
by the entire realm of space. Furthermore,
“Vīradatta(gṛhapati)paripṛcchā (sūtra)” also states that with
Bodhichitta, we will be able to cure all sentient beings’
psychological ailment and give them ultimate happiness
25. Each of the Six Perfections supports the other
five, but the order of the perfections is
significant also.
For example, the first three perfections--
generosity, morality, and patience--are virtuous
practices for anyone. The remaining three--
energy or zeal, meditation, and wisdom--are
more specifically about spiritual practice.
26. Dāna Pāramī : Perfection of
Generosity, Giving of Oneself,
Donating, Giving, Generosity,
Liberality, Charity, Sharing,
Altruism, Hospitality, Caritas
Editor's Notes
Buddhism is a positive philosophy, and the next two noble truths give us an optimistic message.
Last topic: The core teaching of Hinduism is the attainment of liberation in the identification of Atman and Brahman through the Four Yogas.
Nontheism means focus in practices of buddha
Southeast Asia - eastern India to China,. The mainland (Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam)
extension of the Asian continent.
dharma/dhamma means truth
The Buddha taught many things, but the basic concepts in Buddhism can be summed up by the Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eightfold Path
Four Noble Truths is one of the doctrines of Buddha: all life is suffering, the cause of suffering is ignorant desire, this desire can be destroyed, the means to this is the Eightfold Path.
dukkha measn in filipino destitute or poor
life includes pain, getting old, disease, and ultimately death. We also endure psychological suffering like loneliness frustration, fear, embarrassment, disappointment and anger.
irrefutable means certain..
Buddhism explains how suffering can be avoided and how we can be truly happy.
craving means desire and aversion means dislike
We will suffer if we expect
In other words, getting what you want does not guarantee happiness. Rather than constantly struggling to get what you want, try to modify your wanting.
deprive means remove
cessation means ends
in order to get rid of suffering one has to get rid of desire
Nirvana is a place of perfect peace and happiness, like heaven. In Hinduism and Buddhism
nirvana is the highest state that someone can attain, a state of enlightenment, meaning a person's individual desires and suffering go away
like self-actualization
path means way to end something
6members in 6 mins
explain the ff. words
The Eightfold Path of Buddhism, also called the Middle Path or Middle Way, is the system of following these eight divisions of the path to achieve spiritual enlightenment and cease suffering: Right understanding: Understanding that the Four Noble Truths are noble and true.
* Samma-Ditthi — Complete or Perfect Vision, also translated as right view or understanding. Vision of the nature of reality and the path of transformation.
2. Samma-Sankappa — Perfected Emotion or Aspiration, also translated as right thought or attitude. Liberating emotional intelligence in your life and acting from love and compassion. An informed heart and feeling mind that are free to practice letting go.
3. Samma-Vaca — Perfected or whole Speech. Also called right speech. Clear, truthful, uplifting and non-harmful communication.
4. Samma-Kammanta — Integral Action. Also called right action. An ethical foundation for life based on the principle of non-exploitation of oneself and others. The five precepts.
5. Samma-Ajiva — Proper Livelihood. Also called right livelihood. This is a livelihood based on correct action the ethical principal of non-exploitation. The basis of an Ideal society.
6. Samma-Vayama — Complete or Full Effort, Energy or Vitality. Also called right effort or diligence. Consciously directing our life energy to the transformative path of creative and healing action that fosters wholeness. Conscious evolution.
7. Samma-Sati — Complete or Thorough Awareness. Also called "right mindfulness". Developing awareness, "if you hold yourself dear watch yourself well". Levels of Awareness and mindfulness - of things, oneself, feelings, thought, people and Reality.
8. Samma-Samadhi — Full, Integral or Holistic Samadhi. This is often translated as concentration, meditation, absorption or one-pointedness of mind. None of these translations is adequate. Samadhi literally means to be fixed, absorbed in or established at one point, thus the first level of meaning is concentration when the mind is fixed on a single object. The second level of meaning goes further and represents the establishment, not just of the mind, but also of the whole being in various levels or modes of consciousness and awareness. This is Samadhi in the sense of enlightenment or Buddhahood.
* The word Samma means 'proper', 'whole', 'thorough', 'integral', 'complete', and 'perfect' - related to English 'summit' - It does not necessarily mean 'right', as opposed to 'wrong'. However it is often translated as "right" which can send a less than accurate message. For instance the opposite of 'Right Awareness' is not necessarily 'Wrong Awareness'. It may simply be incomplete. Use of the word 'right' may make for a neat or consistent list of qualities in translations. The down side is that it can give the impression that the Path is a narrow and moralistic approach to the spiritual life. I use variant interpretations so you consider the depth of meanings. What do these things mean in your life right now?
situation showing craving leads to suffering
pleasure means remove it to become satisfied and mortification means balance or selfdiscipline
the Enlightenment, a philosophical movement of the 18th century, characterized by belief in the power of human reason and by innovations in political, religious, and educational doctrine.
Specifically, this form of moral discipline abandons the 10 non-virtuous acts of killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying, speaking hurtfully, speaking divisively, idle chatter, malice, covetousness and believing erroneous spiritual tenets.
When “dharma” with a lower-case “d” is used, it refers to an effect of acting rather than the spiritual teachings, which are referred to as “Dharma” with a capital “D.” When gathering virtuous dharmas, one is accumulating merit and blocking the possibility of acting viciously. Accumulating merit helps to purify the mind of negativity and enables one to make progress on the path. The 10 noteworthy Dharma actions are actions of writing Dharma, reading Dharma, memorizing Dharma, reciting Dharma, making offerings to Dharma, giving Dharma books to others, explaining the meaning of Dharma, listening to Dharma teachings, thinking about the meaning of Dharma, and meditating on the meaning of Dharma teachings.
. There are 11 main ways you can benefit others: alleviating suffering and assisting others in their work, teaching Dharma skills and worldly skills that support attaining a standard of living conducive to spiritual practice, returning kindnesses, protecting others from danger and fear, consoling those stricken with grief, giving material assistance to the poor, helping others overcome problems they have because of their delusions of anger and grasping attachment, tactful assistance to others by showing sensitivity to their customs and beliefs, supporting those walking correct spiritual paths, tactfully helping others to abandon incorrect spiritual paths and using any extraordinary abilities you have in ways that benefit others.
The term altruism may also refer to an ethical doctrine that claims that individuals are morally obliged to benefit others. Used in this sense, it is usually contrasted with egoism, which is defined as acting to the benefit of one's self.
