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Group Discussion
PHM503
Water Level Indicator:
•Design a circuit to control the water pump in the following manner:
The pump is to Turn ON when the water goes below level 1 and is to remain
ON until it reaches level 2, at which point it turns OFF. The pump is to
remain turns OFF until the water goes below level 1 again. Two level
detection signals H and L are provided. Signal L=1 when the water is at or
above level 1, otherwise L=0. Similarly H=1, when the water is at or above
level 2, otherwise H=0.
Let us Consider the Pump’s Current State to be P and Next State to be P+.
Y is the Output to Energize the Relay Coil.
Level 2(H)
Level 1(L)
Water is being Filled Water is being Exhausted
Now, we are going to make the state- table,
P
(Current State)
L
(Level 1)
H
(Level 2)
P+
(Next State)
Y
(Output)
0 0 0 1 1
0 1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0 0
1 0 0 1 1
1 1 0 1 1
1 1 1 0 0
Note: In the above table two States are missing corresponding to L=0 and H=1 signal.
It is because the water can’t be below Level 1 and above the Level 2 simultaneously.
It is not possible physically.
Now, we are going to make Design the Circuit with the help of above State-table:
P
(Current State)
L
(Level 1)
H
(Level 2)
P+
(Next State)
Y
(Output)
JP KP
0 0 0 1 1 1 X
0 1 0 0 0 0 X
0 1 1 0 0 0 X
1 0 0 1 1 X 0
1 1 0 1 1 X 0
1 1 1 0 0 X 1
Q Q+ J K
0 0 0 X
0 1 1 X
1 0 X 1
1 1 X 0
Excitation Table for JK Flip-Flip:-
1 X 0 0
X X X X
P
LH
00 01 11 10
1
0
P
H
L
JP
X X X X
0 X 1 0
P
LH
00 01 11 10
1
0
P
L
KP
H
JP=L’H’P’
KP=LHP
We have found the Minimum Expressions for JP and KP with the help of K-Map. Now,
our task is to design the circuit.
L
H

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Water Level Indicator

  • 2. Water Level Indicator: •Design a circuit to control the water pump in the following manner: The pump is to Turn ON when the water goes below level 1 and is to remain ON until it reaches level 2, at which point it turns OFF. The pump is to remain turns OFF until the water goes below level 1 again. Two level detection signals H and L are provided. Signal L=1 when the water is at or above level 1, otherwise L=0. Similarly H=1, when the water is at or above level 2, otherwise H=0. Let us Consider the Pump’s Current State to be P and Next State to be P+. Y is the Output to Energize the Relay Coil. Level 2(H) Level 1(L) Water is being Filled Water is being Exhausted
  • 3. Now, we are going to make the state- table, P (Current State) L (Level 1) H (Level 2) P+ (Next State) Y (Output) 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 Note: In the above table two States are missing corresponding to L=0 and H=1 signal. It is because the water can’t be below Level 1 and above the Level 2 simultaneously. It is not possible physically. Now, we are going to make Design the Circuit with the help of above State-table:
  • 4. P (Current State) L (Level 1) H (Level 2) P+ (Next State) Y (Output) JP KP 0 0 0 1 1 1 X 0 1 0 0 0 0 X 0 1 1 0 0 0 X 1 0 0 1 1 X 0 1 1 0 1 1 X 0 1 1 1 0 0 X 1 Q Q+ J K 0 0 0 X 0 1 1 X 1 0 X 1 1 1 X 0 Excitation Table for JK Flip-Flip:-
  • 5. 1 X 0 0 X X X X P LH 00 01 11 10 1 0 P H L JP X X X X 0 X 1 0 P LH 00 01 11 10 1 0 P L KP H JP=L’H’P’ KP=LHP
  • 6. We have found the Minimum Expressions for JP and KP with the help of K-Map. Now, our task is to design the circuit. L H