social geo

3. settlements
Settlements are the places where people build their houses.
For example: they can be huts, in early time caves etc.
There are two types of settlement
They are:
Permanent settlement
Temporary settlement

4. Permanent settlement
Settlement which are occupied for a long period of
time are called permanent settlement.
For example: houses, building etc.

5. Temporary settlement
Settlement which are occupied for a short period of
time are called permanent settlement.
For example: tents etc.

6. Rural settlement
The villages are rural settlement.
The people are engaged in activities like crafts work, fishing,
trading etc.
They are of two type:
Compact
scattered

7. Scattered settlements
In a scattered settlement dwelling are space over an
extensive area.
People do not get many facilities.

8. Compact settlements
a compact settlement is a closely built area of
dwellings, wherever flat land is available.
People live in a very congested place.

9. Urban settlements
They are found in cities or towns.
Here people are engaged in activities like
manufacturing, trading, services etc.
Many people live in urban areas.

10. transport
Transport is the mean by which people and goods move from one
place to another.
There are four mean of transport they are:
Airways
Railways
Roadways
Waterways

11. Airways
It is most expensive mean of transport as it need a lot of fuel
and fuel is expensive.
It cannot carry heavy goods.
It is the fastest mean of transport.
Perishable goods will be better if we take them by airways.

12. Helicopter are extremely useful in most inaccessible areas and in
time of calamities for rescuing people and distributing food,
water, clothes, and medicines. And they can be in air without
moving for a long time.
Who is useful aeroplane or helicopter while a
disaster?

14. railways
The railways carry heavy goods.
They are not expensive.
Many new trains are introduced.
India has 2nd largest railway network.

15. Roadways
o The most used means of transport especially for short
distance are road.
o There are two types of roads:
Unmetalled
Metalled
o Manali-leh highway in the himalyan mountains is one of
the highest roadways in the world.

16. Waterways
Waterways is the cheapest mean of transport.
They are of two types:
Inland waterways: navigable rivers and lakes are used as inland
water ways.
Sea routes: sea routes and oceanic routes are mostly used for
transporting merchandise and goods from one country to
another.

17. Communication
Communication is the process of conveying messages
to other.
Communication is the imparting or exchanging of
information by speaking, writing, or using some other
medium.
There are two types of communication they are:
Mass communication
Personal communication

18. Mass media
Newspaper, television, radio etc are mass media
because through them we can communicate to a
large no. of people at the same time.

19. Personal communication
 we can communicate only with one
person at a time in personal
communication. We can do it by phone
or anything else.