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1. Reflection: Theory of Plane Crashes
What was the argument behind Malcolm Gladwell’s “theory of plane crashes”?
Gladwell's theory of plane crashes is rooted on several factors that according to his judgment
are preventable. Yet, such events take place as a series of independent event occurs Driven by
poor or ineffective communication skills among personnel in the cockpit of the plane.
Hierarchical structures have been identified--In multiple sectors of the workforce--to limit the
participation or the input of any other coworker whose status it is below the person in
command. That last statement is exemplified Throughout the reading Demonstrating that the
captain makes a decision and, despite being incorrect, other coworkers feel intimidated to
contradict the individual with highest authority. The example as presented above may be
rooted on factors aside from communication, Such as Cultural perceptions, fear I'll feel losing
the job, or perhaps, on Inadequate innate stances regarding the task at hand. Having innate
Insecurity feelings is particularly important, not only in the airline industry, but also in any other
workforce dominated by a majority of individuals in which one may feel as an impostor--To that
degree of instilling the belief That one's knowledge cannot be equated to the majority of the
individuals. Through the narrative of Gladwell experience one may perceive Strict measures of
power among coworkers within their Specific hierarchical power. For instance, if the copilot's
Opinion differs from that of the captains, It could Introduce another variable within the pre-
existing difficulties in the realm of communication challenges. Even though the reading does
not explicitly explains actions that have been implemented as part of the decision making
process in the cockpit As to concur with decisions benefiting the majority of people. as a matter
of fact, The aviation industry adopted a system called two challenge rule to ensure and to avoid
higher rates of airplane crashes because according to the experts most of the accidents became
catastrophic because copilots didn't feel comfortable taking charge of the plane when the
captain was making dangerous maneuvers and then during the life of others. in plain English
that two challenge rule open outlets too late professionals of lower hierarchy ranking to
assume their responsibilities of the captain upon 2 consecutive folds that the captain failed to
correct. in this scenario, the person with the lowest power we'll take responsibility of the plane
to correct the fallouts of the captain start stabilizing in correcting planes trajectory. although
not directly related to the aviation industry, as a physician, during surgical procedures in which
the leading surgeon and the first assistant do not agree on the course of management, one of
the two physicians challenge the resident appointed to the case. base on the professional
assessment of the third physician, and because the goal is to follow that two-challenge rule, the
physicians must obey that decision of the third doctor. as in the aviation industry, both fields
depends on a third person or a third attempt to correct that mistake that the person with the
highest ranking is making in order to have a say in the matter. For that matter, Land wells
argument behind the area of plane crashes is nested On the accumulation of small difficulties
that may not seem to cause fatal malfunctions Exacerbates bite the lack of communication
between the parties involved due to lower hierarchy, culturally Sensitive, And then naturalize
behavior that inhabit professionals of lower ranking voice their opinion concerning situations
preventing them from becoming catastrophic.

2. Do you think that Malcolm Gladwell proved his “theory of plane crashes”? Why or why not?
Proving a theory requires more than a few narratives about situations that occurred in
airplanes. However, Gladwell presents enough factual evidence from previous preventable
aviation disasters, such as the flight 052 of Avianca’s airline. As stated in the reading, should
the pilot and copilot would have had effective and commanding communication skills two
advice flight controllers the situation they were facing, perhaps they would not have run out of
gas and could have landed the plane safely. Another example supporting Gladwell theory
relates to that case of the plane in which a women became sick, and the decision was made to
land the plane despite potential complications. The take home point behind this success story
lies, not on the ability to land a heavy plane, on the ability to think quick an act upon the best
interest of everyone which involved communicating with passengers’ doctors, copilots,
supervisors, among other individuals. Given that aviation rules were modified to avoid this type
of communication errors, experts argue that flying it is the safest mean of transportation in this
era. It is important to remark that search modifications involve universal communication codes
and disregard the hierarchies’ inhibiting individuals with lower ranking to opine in the event of
decision making.
Why do you think that I chose this excerpt to begin this course?
At first glance, reading the title of the chapter, I felt confused because I failed to find the
common thread between the content of the class and the title of the selection. Moreover, upon
delving into the reading, and coincidentally, watching a documentary narrating the potential
fallouts leading to the negative outcome that Gladwell explains of Avianca's flight 052 lasts
minutes. posterior to reading and contextualizing the events, I noticed the common
denominator unifying Gladwell's theory and the incidents in the documentary (tittle) was the
lack of effective communication among all personnel responsible of keeping the plane safe.
Ineffective communication serves as the umbrella covering pervasive events, belief systems,
and outdated hierarchical models that, experts may agree led to major aviation accidents in
history. Hence, beginning the course with a seemingly unrelated assignment served as a clever
hook to engage the students, while hinting at one of the major topics covered in class namely
developing the ability/skill to deliver clear/concise/ to the point. Thus, perhaps you intended
that right from the beginning, learn the outcomes of ineffective styles of communications, such
as evasive given that individuals fail to share information or create connections among each
other, which is a key principle to build healthy and fructiferous work environments or when
required to complete group projects. On the other hand, many would agree with the
appreciation I approach the question as the elements in the reading present opposing views of
the same theme--communication. In this case, one of your intentions could be grounded on
ones' ability to recognize effective communication, such as transactional communication which
entails verbal and nonverbal language to generate meaningful messages. likewise, during the
process, coworkers develop gestures, sounds, movements (transactional processes) that
eventually gain specific meaning withing the work setting. Your goal to present this excerpt at
the beginning was to show features of effective and ineffective communication as they relate to
potential situational catastrophes.

3. Reflection: Theory of Plane Crashes
What does this read impress upon you regarding the importance of communication?
I was impressed with the power that effective and efficient communication among individuals,
regardless of the field in question, could determine the success or the failure of an enterprise.
reading the article remind me that, as a physician, the outlet of communication with my
coworkers should always remain opened to alternatives instead of dismissing them Under the
premise of being superior to others. Hence, applying the premises of the reading could improve
the communication skills in my workplace by creating a true multidisciplinary team.