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Jennifer Lim
Director of Enterprise Architecture
November 2018
Will your agile practices be the
death of architecture?
© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
1
About Cerner.
© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
3
Emerging Practices
Enterprise Information
Management
Process Design &
Associate Engagement
Information Technology
Architecture
Strategic Program
Development
About My Team. Enterprise Architecture.
© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
4
Agile – Yes, it’s popular.
• By 2020, more than half of application development
organizations will use a framework for scaling agile
development. – Gartner, 2017
• Agile is a buzzword of software development, and so all DoD
software development projects are, almost by default, now
declared to be “agile.” – United States Defense Innovation
Board, 2018
© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
5
Agile BS guidance
– Defense Innovation
Board, October 2018
Let’s Compare. Agile. Architecture.
7© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
Define.
8© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
Working software over comprehensive documentation
Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
Responding to change over following a plan
– agile manifesto, 2001
http://agilemanifesto.org/
9© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
Architecture.
Fundamental concepts or properties
of a system in its environment
embodied in its
elements, relationships, and in the
principles of its design and evolution.
– ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011
10© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
But fear not…ISO is catching up…
…in Systems and software engineering —
Developing user documentation in an agile
environment.
11© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
Frameworks.
12© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
13© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
14© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
People.
15© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
I wear many different hats.
16© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
I am The Architect.
17© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
18© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
Those two perspectives seem to be at complete odds, don’t they?
”
“
19
The speed of change makes you wonder what
will become of architecture.
Tadao Ando, Hon. FAIA
https://www.architecturalrecord.com/articles/12624-tadao-ando?
April 2002
20© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
The Hill of the Buddha
Sapporo, Hokkaido
Tadao Ando
Opened in December 2015
21© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
Are we at the death of architecture?
22© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
Before you decide…
© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
23
Services Marketecture
© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
24
Real Life…
25© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
Think of the goals of architecture.
26© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
SystemsBuildings
Intra System Scope Inter System Scope Domain Scope
27© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
28© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
…these objectives are still valid.
29© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
In order for Architecture to co-exist with Agile,
Cerner found that we need to
change some of our expectations
around the practice of architecture to be
successful.
30© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
5 Changes You Should Consider Making
© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
31
one size does Not fit all
Acknowledge that one size does not fit all.
We must allow for both large complex systems
and small well-contained services.
© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
32
role, not title
Shift from an architect title and “anointed one” mentality to having
this as a role that can be filled by several people.
© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
33
community
Shift from governance role or board to creating a community and
“brain trust” approach to assist
© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
34
diagrams, diagrams, diagrams
Let go of the level of details that are required in your architecture
diagrams. There are many types of diagrams, allow the team to
capture the architecture in the way that best suits their needs
(network, software, data, hardware, etc).
Enterprise
Information
Enablement
Application Integration
Modernization (AIM)
BI Strategy
Enterprise Data Platform
Application Databases
Files
On Prem
Applications
Storage Collections
Streaming Event Hub
Topic Queues
Batch
Ingest & Export
Hub
Complex Event Rules
Batch Compute Systems
On-Prem Integration Data Stores
FIle
DatabaseFIle
NoSQL
In
Memory
API Mgmt LayerUtility
Services
Application
Database
api
api
api
Mgmt
Layer
api
api
api
api
api
Cache
Presentation
Services
Application
Consumption
Options
Business
Domain Services
SaaS Software
Reporting &
Analysis Tools
Meta
Data
Mgmt
API
Lifecycle
Mgmt
Frame
works
Security
Classification
Operational
Value
Classification
Data Quality
Business
Data Model
Master Data
Mgmt
© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
35
agile architecture
Allow Flexibility. You must learn from each iteration and consider
impacts to architecture, just like you do within your agile coding
practices.
Discovery Delivery
© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
36
Recap: 5 Changes We Applied when Architecting
1. Acknowledge that one size does not fit all.
2. Shift from an architect title and “anointed one” mentality.
3. Shift to creating a community
4. There are many types of diagrams, allow the system to capture
the architecture that best suits their needs (network, software,
data, hardware, etc).
5. Allow Flexibility in architecting.
”
“
37
We have to realize that the "age of discovery"
has brought with it a disruption of the
environment. Now architects are facing the "age
of responsibility." When you design and build
something, you have to consider what you are
taking away from the earth or the environment in
order to make something new.
Tadao Ando, Hon. FAIA
https://www.architecturalrecord.com/articles/12624-tadao-ando?
April 2002
38© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
Shanghai's Poly Grand Theater, completed by Tadao Ando in 2017

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Will your agile practices be the death of architecture?

  • 1. Jennifer Lim Director of Enterprise Architecture November 2018 Will your agile practices be the death of architecture?
  • 2. © Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. 1 About Cerner.
  • 3. © Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. 3 Emerging Practices Enterprise Information Management Process Design & Associate Engagement Information Technology Architecture Strategic Program Development About My Team. Enterprise Architecture.
  • 4. © Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. 4 Agile – Yes, it’s popular. • By 2020, more than half of application development organizations will use a framework for scaling agile development. – Gartner, 2017 • Agile is a buzzword of software development, and so all DoD software development projects are, almost by default, now declared to be “agile.” – United States Defense Innovation Board, 2018
  • 5. © Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. 5 Agile BS guidance – Defense Innovation Board, October 2018
  • 6. Let’s Compare. Agile. Architecture.
  • 7. 7© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. Define.
  • 8. 8© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. Individuals and interactions over processes and tools Working software over comprehensive documentation Customer collaboration over contract negotiation Responding to change over following a plan – agile manifesto, 2001 http://agilemanifesto.org/
  • 9. 9© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. Architecture. Fundamental concepts or properties of a system in its environment embodied in its elements, relationships, and in the principles of its design and evolution. – ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011
  • 10. 10© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. But fear not…ISO is catching up… …in Systems and software engineering — Developing user documentation in an agile environment.
  • 11. 11© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. Frameworks.
  • 12. 12© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
  • 13. 13© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
  • 14. 14© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. People.
  • 15. 15© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. I wear many different hats.
  • 16. 16© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. I am The Architect.
  • 17. 17© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
  • 18. 18© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. Those two perspectives seem to be at complete odds, don’t they?
  • 19. ” “ 19 The speed of change makes you wonder what will become of architecture. Tadao Ando, Hon. FAIA https://www.architecturalrecord.com/articles/12624-tadao-ando? April 2002
  • 20. 20© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. The Hill of the Buddha Sapporo, Hokkaido Tadao Ando Opened in December 2015
  • 21. 21© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. Are we at the death of architecture?
  • 22. 22© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. Before you decide…
  • 23. © Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. 23 Services Marketecture
  • 24. © Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. 24 Real Life…
  • 25. 25© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. Think of the goals of architecture.
  • 26. 26© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. SystemsBuildings Intra System Scope Inter System Scope Domain Scope
  • 27. 27© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved.
  • 28. 28© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. …these objectives are still valid.
  • 29. 29© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. In order for Architecture to co-exist with Agile, Cerner found that we need to change some of our expectations around the practice of architecture to be successful.
  • 30. 30© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. 5 Changes You Should Consider Making
  • 31. © Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. 31 one size does Not fit all Acknowledge that one size does not fit all. We must allow for both large complex systems and small well-contained services.
  • 32. © Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. 32 role, not title Shift from an architect title and “anointed one” mentality to having this as a role that can be filled by several people.
  • 33. © Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. 33 community Shift from governance role or board to creating a community and “brain trust” approach to assist
  • 34. © Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. 34 diagrams, diagrams, diagrams Let go of the level of details that are required in your architecture diagrams. There are many types of diagrams, allow the team to capture the architecture in the way that best suits their needs (network, software, data, hardware, etc). Enterprise Information Enablement Application Integration Modernization (AIM) BI Strategy Enterprise Data Platform Application Databases Files On Prem Applications Storage Collections Streaming Event Hub Topic Queues Batch Ingest & Export Hub Complex Event Rules Batch Compute Systems On-Prem Integration Data Stores FIle DatabaseFIle NoSQL In Memory API Mgmt LayerUtility Services Application Database api api api Mgmt Layer api api api api api Cache Presentation Services Application Consumption Options Business Domain Services SaaS Software Reporting & Analysis Tools Meta Data Mgmt API Lifecycle Mgmt Frame works Security Classification Operational Value Classification Data Quality Business Data Model Master Data Mgmt
  • 35. © Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. 35 agile architecture Allow Flexibility. You must learn from each iteration and consider impacts to architecture, just like you do within your agile coding practices. Discovery Delivery
  • 36. © Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. 36 Recap: 5 Changes We Applied when Architecting 1. Acknowledge that one size does not fit all. 2. Shift from an architect title and “anointed one” mentality. 3. Shift to creating a community 4. There are many types of diagrams, allow the system to capture the architecture that best suits their needs (network, software, data, hardware, etc). 5. Allow Flexibility in architecting.
  • 37. ” “ 37 We have to realize that the "age of discovery" has brought with it a disruption of the environment. Now architects are facing the "age of responsibility." When you design and build something, you have to consider what you are taking away from the earth or the environment in order to make something new. Tadao Ando, Hon. FAIA https://www.architecturalrecord.com/articles/12624-tadao-ando? April 2002
  • 38. 38© Cerner Corporation. All rights reserved. Shanghai's Poly Grand Theater, completed by Tadao Ando in 2017

Editor's Notes

  1. From the beginning, Cerner has innovated at the intersection of health care and information technology. Our mission remains to contribute to the systemic improvement of health care delivery and the health of communities. ​ With health information technology at our core, we employ some of the world’s most talented software engineers, developers and clinicians to ensure the solutions we create for you are consistently state-of-the-art. Today, with over 28,000 associates, Cerner is the world’s largest publicly-traded health IT company. Our 2017 revenue was $5.1 billion and we attribute much of our success to nearly 40 years of creating solutions for some of health care’s toughest challenges.
  2. Cerner associates are based in (work/office out of) 26 countries around the globe, including: United States India Germany UK UAE Australia Romania France Sweden Ireland Spain Canada Netherlands Austria Brazil Portugal Qatar Norway Egypt Slovakia Malaysia Singapore Belgium Mexico Saudi Arabia Finland Our associates can voluntarily self-report the language(s) they speak and understand. More than 70 languages have been self-reported by associates in which they have stated they have the ability/proficiency to speak and understand business conversations in these languages. This can be anything from beginner to fluent. Cerner Millennium is currently translated into 6 languages: Dutch, English UK, French, German, Portuguese and Spanish. Sources Campus/office locations: https://connect.ucern.com/community/cerner/associates/associateservices/campus-directory
  3. Gartner ID: G00303415 https://www.meritalk.com/articles/defense-innovation-board-releases-guide-to-detect-agile-bs/ https://governmentciomedia.com/defense-innovation-board-issues-guide-detecting-agile-bs https://media.defense.gov/2018/Oct/09/2002049591/-1/-1/0/DIB_DETECTING_AGILE_BS_2018.10.05.PDF First, why does Agile have such a following? Why are most of us trying to achieve an agile development and support practice? <<cue pizza box & pools of resources picture>> We’ll hear a lot about agile not only at this conference but in general.
  4. https://www.meritalk.com/articles/defense-innovation-board-releases-guide-to-detect-agile-bs/ https://governmentciomedia.com/defense-innovation-board-issues-guide-detecting-agile-bs https://media.defense.gov/2018/Oct/09/2002049591/-1/-1/0/DIB_DETECTING_AGILE_BS_2018.10.05.PDF
  5. http://agilemanifesto.org/ https://martinfowler.com/articles/agileStory.html https://www.agilealliance.org/
  6. https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso-iec-ieee:42010:ed-1:v1:en International Organization for Standardization http://www.opengroup.org/togaf
  7. https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso-iec-ieee:26515:ed-1:v2:en
  8. https://www.agilealliance.org/agile101/subway-map-to-agile-practices/ https://www.scrum.org/resources/blog/agile-it-just-delivery-mechanism
  9. https://eam-initiative.org/pages/10kg0yek2601n/ISO-IEC-IEEE-42010-Systems-and-software-engineering-Architecture-description http://www.opengroup.org/togaf-92-overview
  10. Now, imagine the traditional IT architect. This was an all-knowing, all-controlling role, who even in the movie, discovered that they truly couldn’t control everything with the best design.
  11. https://medium.com/@odayibasi/amazon-2-pt-two-pizza-teams-a3e53445c3da https://blog.bufferapp.com/small-teams-why-startups-often-win-against-google-and-facebook-the-science-behind-why-smaller-teams-get-more-done
  12. https://www.cnn.com/style/article/tadao-ando-exhibition/index.html Speed of change & emphasis on digital modernization creates friction within our organization, our existing systems, our relationships with our stakeholders, and with, well, let’s face it, planning.
  13. https://www.cnn.com/style/article/tadao-ando-exhibition/index.html The Hill of the Buddha: A 13.5 meter-tall sculpture which had been erected in Sapporo, Hokkaido, 15 years before Ando arrived. His brief was to build something that would draw attention to the religious sculpture. So he buried it. Today, the Buddha sits inside a manmade concrete hill covered in lavender, the top of its head just visible. The Buddha is accessible to visitors through a 40-meter tunnel. https://www.vitra.com/en-us/magazine/details/the-hill-of-the-buddha
  14. And that….we should be taking advantage of those patterns to create reusability and sharing of services across applications.
  15. But the idea definitely has value: We can make our software and integrations much more nimble by thinking API first, providing publish / subscribe portals, and utilizing gateways.
  16. Architecture Roles Vary in Scope & Complexity
  17. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA Yet if you don’t know where you’re going, how do you know if you’ve gotten there? Architecture allows us to paint the picture of where we’re going.
  18. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
  19. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
  20. http://chittagongit.com/icon/infinity-icon-png-22.html
  21. What do you see as the role of architecture ?
  22. https://www.arch2o.com/12-fun-facts-tadao-ando/ https://www.designboom.com/architecture/tadao-ando-poly-grand-theater-shanghai-china-01-16-2017/