Presentation on what is data communication and it's components.

1. DATA COMMUNICATION
NETWORKING

2. DATA COMMUNICATION
• refers to the active process of transmitting data or
information from one point to another through a
medium.
• There are five components of data communication.

3. FIVE COMPONENTS OF DATA
COMMUNICATION
• Transmitter
• Receiver
• Medium
• Message
• Protocol

4. TRANSMITTER
• The transmitter is the device that sends the message.
It can be a computer, workstation, telephone handset,
video camera, and so on.

5. RECEIVER
• The receiver is the device that receives the message. It
can be a computer, workstation, telephone handset,
television, and so on.

6. MEDIUM
• The transmission medium is the physical path by
which a message travels from sender to receiver. It
can consist of twisted pair wire, coaxial cable, fiber-
optic cable, laser or radio waves (terrestrial or satellite
microwave).

7. MESSAGE
• The message is the transmission (data) to be
communicated. It can consist of text, number,
pictures, sound, or video or any combination of these.

8. PROTOCOL
• A protocol is a set of rules that governs data
communication. It represents an agreement between
the communicating devices. Without a protocol, two
devices may be connected but not communicating.

9. DATA TRANSMISSION

10. DATA
REPRESENTATION
• Anything that can have two
different states can
represent anything on a
digital device.
• Most computer are digital
• Recognize only two discrete
states: on and off.
• Use binary system to recognize 2
states
• Use number system with 2
unique digits: 0 and 1 called bits
( binary digits).
HOW DO COMPUTERS
REPRESENT DATA?

11. DATA FLOW
• The route between origin, via nodes, to a destination
taken by a packet of data.
• The transfer of data between the components of a
computer.
• The path taken by the message from origination to
destination that includes all nodes through which the
data travels.

12. 3 WAYS TO TRANSMIT DATA
• Simplex
• Half- duplex (HDX)
• Full- duplex (FDX)

13. SIMPLEX
• Is one way transmission, it uses one circuit in one
direction only such as in radio or TV transmission. It is
simple and relatively inexpensive.

14. HALF – DUPLEX (HDX)
• Is two-way transmission and it also use only one
circuit as simplex does but it is used in both
directions, walkie-talkie is the good example of the
half-duplex processor. Half duplex is a circuit, which
can transmit the signal in two directions but only once
at a time. In Half-duplex users can transmit and
receive signals or data but cannot do both
simultaneously.

15. FULL – DUPLEX (FDX)
• Full duplex transmission is also the two-way
transmission but it uses two circuits for
communication. Full duplex allows users to
communicate in both way simultaneously (i.e. a
common telephone) with no turnaround time. This
mode is clearly easier to use then the half duplex but
the cost may be significant, especially over long
distance.

16. 3 WAYS TO TRANSMIT DATA

17. END.