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2. Introduction
In orderto hostOlympicGames,there is a bid held which was won by London on July 6, 2005 which
assures that 2012 Olympics will be held in London. The decision of holding the events at the
international level is really a big deal as it involves lots of things which require lots of analysis and
majorly upon the social and tourism development sector. With the help of studies it is calculated
that a positive results are on chart in UK’s economy as huge increase is noticed in international
publicity and tourism along with this some industrial analysis and economists says that its
consequences are not good as the negative impact is much more than the positive impacts.
Somewhere the London Olympics are considered as a factor of business economic destruction in a
widersense.The report here elaborates different results of London Olympics in relation with UK’s
economy with the help of tourism theories.
Further this report states the related problems of enclave tourism of CASA DE CAMPO of the
Dominican Republic and even a discussion is made with suggestions in connection to the tourism
industry of France and India.
Task 1
P1.1 Discuss how stakeholders can benefit from the planning of tourism
developments with reference to a current case study
Rationale – In order to achieve the desired objective stakeholder go for tourism and travelling
planning. This may also result in increasing opportunities in employment for stakeholders.
Stakeholders here involve wildlife conservatories, local communities. It also led in enhanced
coordination between the public sector and private sector organisation
Stakeholders for development of tourism planning in the London Olympiad of 2012
Local Community – 2012 Olympics in London involved local community also results into their
increase in development and tourism. It covers hospitality industry, local banks and established
business etc. as they help in appropriate organization of the development of (CLARK, 1984)
PublicPrivate Partnership- non-renewableresourceswere properlyexploited and managed during
London2012 Olympicsdue to the partnership between the public sector and private sector bodies
(STABLER, 1997). Benefits to stakeholders from the partnership is as follows-
Benefits to the stakeholders
1. Tourism sector boomed where extra revenue generated was £610m.
2. 3000 jobs equivalent to full time jobs were created in east London.
3. National reputation was also increased.
4. Sports requiring aquatic centre and stadiums were increased.
P1.2 Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of public/private sector
tourism planning partnerships, drawing on London Olympic
Both national and international level of expertise and knowledge were involved for intensive
planning and preparation during London Olympics. This has both advantages and disadvantages
for private/public sector as listed below-
Following are the advantages-

3. Reduction of cost- Efficient management of resources and source, London Olympic 2012, by
partnershipinpublicandprivate sectorfortourism planning resulted in greater cost reduction. The
extra dumping was also restricted.
The sharing of risks- ‘Gain risk’ does not cover the capital cost and practical costs in London. So risk
may be shared by government with private partners. The said risk is inclusive of deadlines not
achieved in the allocation of services, issues arisen due to environmental control or other kind
regulations and other costs.
‘Improvedor maintainedpresentserviceslevels’- modernized way of allocation of resources so as
to get maximum out of minimum.
Improvement in earnings- here, accuracy as to cost is maintained for particular service to set the
rate of customers. Traditional ways of issuing services were replaced by the public-private
partnership’s incentive income source.
Efficient application- capability may be increased by taking varied actions like development and
formationof flexible method of procurement, getting enough capital funding in a speedy way and
choice making etc.
Other typesof economicbenefits- involvementof private sectorwithgovernmentsectormayresult
in enhanced industrial and job opportunities (Weaver, 2005).
Given below are the some of the disadvantages connected with it:
Loss of government control- The partnership resulted in the involvement of both parties as to
decisionmakinginregardstorisksharing,decisionsatmanagerslevel,price setting etc. This has led
them to loosening of governmental control.
Labour issuesand Political risks- governmentwithlessexperience in the field may lead to political
risks.
Duty issues- publicwas not clear in regards to the arrangements of services. This causes the larger
government involvement to ensure proper obedience and feedback to the demand of public.
Insecurityas to services- issueslike labourissues,political,financialorother like issues restricts the
private sector from completing their promises.
The lack of competitor- competition paves the way for low cost, enhanced operations and
modernization.
Service adaptability or Decreased quality – such contracts may lead to lower service quality and
inadaptability.
Inequality as to choice process- due to traditional modes of service, biased may take place in
selection process (INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITEE, 2012).

4. Task 2
P2.1 analyse features of tourism development planning at different
levels with reference to London Olympiad
Planning: Whenitcomesto tourismdestinationthenthe integration of cohesive and coordinated
approach is required for the tourism development and that’s so at varied levels (Jamal & Getz,
1995) Planning may be;
Environmental planning – on completion of the biding to hosting 2012 olympics games and plan of
building the olympiad London analysed keenly and made a firm and courageous statement. The
statement was for enviornmental effects in regards to games. London went for ‘sustainable
olympiad’. They planned to began a marketing compaign “Towards a One Planet 2012” which was
focused on reducing the negative impact on enviornment and for sustainable tourism.
Planning included
1. ‘Renewable form of energy’ was used for zero carbon emission during the olympiad.
2. Plan to take on no waste level and recycling the waste.
3. Sustainable material wasplannedtouse toreduce the negative effect of games on enviornment.
(Chamberiain, n.d)
Economic planning - To secure economic growth in sustainable way and its benefits for a long
periodof time intensive planning was done while planning the London Olympiad. The Chairman of
the games Sub Coe visions a sturdy plan to bring superb economic outcome.

5. 1. With a boom of about £7.3 billion the construction industry secured a heavy benefit through
London 2012 games. That was outstanding profit.
2. The rate of unemployment was reduced by 1.2% due to the games as games generated jobs and
unemployed got benefits.
3. Round 46,000 people got employment during games because of London 2012 games.
4. The economyof the U.K was significantlyaffectedbytourisminflowtoa significantlevel.(Official
Website of the Olympic Movement, 2012)
Social planning –
The Olympiadwitnessedthe planningwhere initiativesweretakentoinspire andmotivate peopleto
become partof the social change.London2012 was pointedasthe probable and very significant for
bringing the social change for instance raising concern for participation, sustainabletourism and
providing approx. 32,000 new homes, by the Mayor of London (LONDON GOVERNMENT, 2012)
International and national planning-
Execution of easy plans was done at both international and national level. This was inclusive of
planning to have the funding for the elite sport. The site of Olympic was later planned to convert
into Queen Elizabeth’s Olympic park.
Regional, local and strategic
In the games the whole U.K was included and encouraged to take part in the event by hosting the
gamesand assistinginthe economic,social and regional growth. The vision was for the whole year
P2.2 Evaluate the significance ofinteractiveplanning systems and
processes intourism development with reference to London
Olympiad
In the given section, focused is laid on stages included in the process of planning from the
prism of tourism development. The task of management may be performed well, if
organization looks to convince its objectives profitably, by taking assistance of market
research. Desires, motivations and needs of the consumers towards services of tourism is very
significant to be known. It assists in knowing the charisma of the market. Interactive planning
processes and planning are inclusive of benefits, which are given below-
Importance of the ‘interactive planning process’
i. A market research development system assists in stating the needs of the tourist
during the London Olympiad 212.
ii. By investigation of market structure efficient market segmentation may be facilitated.
It is also helpful in dividing sub-groups and groups.
iii. It assists in developing and designing the efficient services and products for particular
market segment to secure the goals chosen.
iv. Communicating to potential consumers and tourists regarding the tourism services
made available. Use of promoting ways and advertisements to persuade and to remind
the consumers about the available services.
v. To make the services available and accessible, at a stated value, an efficient program
for distribution is to be ensured.

6. vi. After implementing the above stated program, it should be evaluated and monitored.
This is done to check its accountancy as to profits and success to achieve the
objectives and goals of the organization (Morrison, 2013).
P2.3 Evaluate different methods available to measure tourist impact
with reference to London Olympiad
Qualitative and Quantitative Methods of Measuring Tourism Impact
For the purpose of evaluation the textual data is used in ‘Qualitative Evaluation Method’ on the
other hand mathematical data and methods and statistics were used in the ‘Quantitive evaluation
methods’. (Garbarino & Holland, 2009)
Quantitative Impact of the London Olympiad 2012
1. Approx. 32,000 newhomes were provided to people in London Olympiad 2012.
2. Around 46,000 people go employment (LONDON GOVERNMENT, 2012)
3. U.K economy was boomed with riseof £7.3 billion.
4. Rate of unemployment was reduced about 1.2% in United Kingdom. (INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC
COMMITTEE, 2012)
QualitativeImpact of the London Olympiad 2012
1. The games were result of the inflow of toursim by which UK earned revenue.
2. Social awareness was raised due to a deployment of renewable source of energy, recycling of
waste.Concern,asto benefitanduse of sustainable tourism, efforts towards eliminating ill effetcs
on enviornment, were also the main concern.
Cambridge Economic Impact Model
The model provides a pattern regarding the value and the extent of volume of tourism as to local
area. National surveys done annually gathered data and statistics which are analysed to state the
volume and the value. Impacts as to local supply are studied by using this information it uses the
information regarding local supply to study the impact. Being small in result of size the regional
samples are not that reliable annually.
Sport Tourism Economic Assessment Model – the model allows evaluation of impact as to hosting
processof an event.Itworkson the assessment of economic condition of the host country. STEAM
was deployed to study the economic impact of London 2012 as STEAM recognize and assess the
level of activity which can be maintained by host. (CANADIAN SPORT TOURISM, 2013)
Inflexibility-in situations of capacity, Inflexibility is the character of the tourism
destination/industry.Evenif suddenincrease of the demand,the room booking of a hotel or tickets
of air flight remains constant. Similarly, if demand is less, the room oozing of hotel and tickets of
flights would remain idle. A periodic change in the tourism activity may provoke this problem
(Morrison, 2013).
Permanent location-fixed locations are very significant. Hence, tourist destinations are needed to
be concentrated to match the particular customer with a fix location/destination.
Hence, Liability level and return rate is required to be taken into consideration by tourism
management.
Task3

7. P3.1 Justify the introduction of the concept of sustainability in
tourism development with reference to the London Olympiad.
“Sustainable Tourism”:
In accordance withthe UNESCO a definitionof sustainable tourismstatesthata principled format of
tourism working in regard with original population of local area and the related tourist population
elaborates the cultural heritage and nation’s environment(UNESCO, 2015).
“Brundtland Report of 1987”:
In the above mentioned report a proper existence is given to the sustainable tourism. After
“Brundtland Commission Report” the proper usage of this term is noticed. Basically this report
explainsthe factorslike “globalenvironmentandrelated developments”. Even recognition is given
to the “Non-government organisations” concerned with the environment development (Redclift,
2005).
“Triple Bottom Line, World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC)”:
In connection with 2012 Olympic Games the process of “triple bottom line” is implemented. This
process helps in framing the analysis for the development in regard with the sustainable tourism
development and even manages the “Corporate Social Responsibility”.
“Sustainable tourism with reference to London Olympiad”:
With the help of given below factors, the sustainable tourism gains the basis in London Olympics:
People:Inconnectionwiththe peoplethe awarenessisspreadinregardwith the sustainable living,
efficient use of resources and advice for healthy living standards. An inspiration is given by “The
Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park” to the local communities in order to inspire them for sustainable
lifestyle and advice regarding the preservation of their prevailing cultural heritage.
Places:“The QueenElizabethOlympicsPark”wasplanned to be converted into a “green space with
rich biological flora and fauna”. An encouragement is given regarding Zero Waste and recycling of
waste products.
Performance:Planningwasmade inregardto attain highqualityfor the performance in the field of
tourism. The criteria are set for maintaining the high standards in regard with the quality of
performance andconstructionfor the venue so that there is an attainment of “sustainable tourism
and sustainable way of living(Corporation, n.d).
Following factors are achieved by adopting “sustainable planning in tourism for London Olympics
2012 brought :
1. “Benefits to the enviornment”
2. Even great benefit is urged by the host community because of the “infrastructure, creation of
jobs, more houses, etc” for them.
3. A noticeable increase is there in the year 2012 because London host the Olympic games.
4. Development in the field of infrastructure including roads, parks etc is the another affecting
factor.
P3.2 Analyze factors that may prevent/hinder sustainable tourism
development with reference to London Olympiad

8. Following are the factors hindering sustainable tourism for the London Olympics
Economic factors: Issues like “Global economic crisis” is covered under economic factors, as it hits
the economyreducingthe inflow of tourismincountries.The reasonbehindthisis the inflation as it
affectsthe savingsof the people because of lessearningwhichmade themto spend less on tourism
and travel related to sports.
Costs: High prices of “flight and allied products” neccesary for the tourist of London Olympic 2012
including accomodation, tourism package etc. will become an hinder issue for the sustainable
tourism.
Non-economic factors:
Whether:Itbecomesthe another influencing factor as suitable whether like “cozy warm whether”
will be a favourable condition for the tourists for enjoyment.
Safety: This is said to be the most important factor in relation to tourism. As the country visited by
tourismholdsthe responsibilityfortouristdestinations safety.More safetymeasuresare requiredto
be takenby Londonas because of organisingthe LondonOlympics2012 the threat ratiois increased.
Even Medical safety is another important field to be taken care of. this is because the tourist rate
decreased for a place affected with the “viral endemic and epidemic such as H1N1, Swine Flu and
Ebola etc.”(Ben Block, 2009).
P3.3 Analyze different stages in planning for sustainability with
reference to London Olympiad.
“Planning consideration”:
“Following are the stages in planning with reference to London Olympiad”:
1. In order to gain success in hosting the games, the “London Olympic Planning Authority” should
adopt the development stratergies related to auditing and evaluating the requirements of the
project.
2. Secondly an identification is required for settling the issues related to “infrastructure
development, tourism and the heritage industry and development strategic plan” so that an
ensurement is gained for sustainable tourism connected with Olympic games.
3. evenan actionplanningisrequiredforregionalmattersinorder to host the event and along with
this proper stratergies are required to be adopted for analysis (Australian Government
Department of the Environment and Heritage, 2004).
4. The “enviornmental impacts,the host communityandthe visitors”relatedbusinessplans need to
be developed, as they will all considered as witness of the “Olympic games of 2012”.
5. for hosting the games in London an advanced planning is required related to the infrastructure.
6. A properplanningstratergiesare requiredforthe supplyingof facilitieslike “food, accomodation,
travel arrangements” with an aim of satisfying the needs of tourists.
7. Sustainable planning related with development is the another key factor in evaluating all the
related available options.
8. Requiredencouragementistobe made forthe participationof the available local communities in
order to suceed for London Olympic Games and this can be achieved only by framming proper
plannings for the same.
Task 4
P4.1 Evaluate methods of resolving a conflict of interests to ensure the
future wellbeing of a developing tourism destinationsuch as Casado

9. Campo regionin the DominicanRepublic.
“Casa de Campo is a resort located in the La Romania on south east coast of the Dominican
Republic”. It is established over 7,000 acres of land which was earlier used by some sugar mills.
“Current issues”
The resort doesnotallow muchaccessof local public as much and the people with high background
can affordthisresort.Evena conflictisnotedregardingthe accessof Dark local people as the resort
doesnotallow access to them. The common people over there are afraid of getting into the resort
because of their high level security planning.
The resort “Casa de Campo” isconsideredtobe a playgroundforthe people who are rich and white
mostly.The tour operators in connection with Britain and America face some problems because of
the “corruption and drug lords” which affect them in building packages. Even the issues like
“corruption, fraud and money laundering” are been faced by the Local People.
“Social and economic problems”
A situation of “social discrimination and imbalance” is faced by the local people as the drug lords
threaten them. Because of this the resort becomes accessible to only influential and rich people.
“Government”
For eradicating the corruption issue government adopts various methods and along with this
another concern for the government are issues inspired by the UNDP and UNHRC.
“Moral and ethical issues”
The police who are local over there are been penetrated by these available drug dealers. Even the
awareness of health and education lacks ion the society over there(Fanjulbrothers, n.d).
Methods of resolving conflict in the region

10. 1. “Promotingcooperation and coordination”:Maintenance shouldbe done bythe governmentin
regardwiththe coordinationandcooperationinconcernwithtourists.
2. “Legislation”:A properframeworkshouldbe done regardingthe administrative andlegal issuesin
orderto bringsustainable developmentandmanage the touristsandalsotake care of their
protectionandmanagementof natural andcultural resources.
3. “Setpolicies”:policiesshouldbe framedforthe touristssothatthe reductionisnotice in
corruptionandother relatedissueshamperingsustainabletourism.
4. “Educatingand training”:
5. “Monitoring”:
Role of industry:
1. “Environment protection”:The duty of tourism industry is to maintain a protection towards the
environment.
2. “Marketingprotection”:Inordertoincrease the businessaroundthe world framing and adopting
of new strategies for marketing is been done.
3. “Educationand trainings”:Importantlythe employees to the industry should be timely educated
and adequate training should be given to them.
4. “Local sourcing of input”:An active nature of local source shouldbe available by the industry and
alongwiththisthe industryshouldessentiallytake care that the input of these local sources should
be done.
Role of tourists:
The reviews made by the tourists visiting the place a very important role, as the tourist getting
dissatisfied with the services provided to them will hamper the tourism industry of the country
which will further create a problem for establishing business at international level (Rao, 2013).
P4.2 Analyse the implications ofbalancing supply and demand with
reference to the case study assignedfor task 4.
In relation with the total amount of tourism product Case de Campo need to perform a balancing
between the related demand and supply. There is a requirement for balancing the market by the
destinations, being an economic option with the demand and supply. A balance is maintained by
tourism in the region of economic deficiencies in order to generate economic revenue. The local
population is engaged in relation with the tourism occupation which even deals with economic
and social problems faced by Casa de Campo. Even the operators integrated with the Casa de
Campo resort in order to maintain a balance between the supply and demand in the market
efficiency.
1. Triple increase is noticed in the middle class people as in 2000 it was 200000 whereas in 2010 it
is 600000.
2. Increase in domicile for permanent housing is also noticed for around 27% in last 10 years which
is not satisfactory for growth in income.
3. The demand is said to be outpacing in relation with the supply in regard with the people who is
capable of purchasing the house whereas affordable housing is lacking.
4. Therefore it is the time to build up affordable housing as an increase is noticed in the economy,
availability of jobs and low supply is noticed in Casa de Campo

11. P4.3 Evaluate the moral and ethical issues of enclave tourism of the
Hotel resort Casade Campo.
The resorts are coveredby Enclave tourism whichare said to be equippedand self-containedbyall
the possible requirements. Most of the destinations for enclave tourism is said to be located in
coastal or tropical region. One of the examples of enclave tourism is Casa de Campo.
The problemfacedbyenclave tourismisthatthere islessinteractionbetween the tourists and local
people and the people are paid really less for their services.
“Moral and ethical issues regarding enclave tourism of Casa de Campo”
1. “The local communitiesdonotbenefit much form the enclave tourism of Casa de Campo as they
have very restricted access and the Drug Lords have dominated the entire area this is highly
unethical as the local community have no benefit owing to the development of the tourism”.
2. “The othermoral and ethical issues were that the region of Dominion republic suffered much of
political unrest, violence and threat of tourists contracting sexually transmitted diseases such as
AIDS, etc.”
3. “The culture and the heritage value of the region of Casa de Campo also has suffered the side
effects of tourists’ evasion and now has a transitional culture.”
4. “There is a rise of prostitution and children being involved in prostitution, drug trafficking and
crime rate has significantly become very high.”
5 “There have been serious environmental issues and problems because of poor water waste
disposal.”
6. “The local communityhasbeenbenefittedveryless by the tourism development”(Fuller, 1999).
Task 5
P5.1 - Compare current issues associated with tourism development
in a developing country and an emerging destination where the
impacts of tourism are different for the chosen destination. –
Chosen destination is India

12. India is a country having cultural diversity and geographical diversity too. India is a country with
varied tourism destinations and attractions like “red fort, khajjiyaar, gagotri, pnchmari, mandu taj
mahal,gegotr,goa,islandsandbeachesetc.”These destinationsare includeshills,natural andscenic
beauty and attracts tourism from different parts of the world.
Sale of a productgrowsautomaticallyif the marketingstrategyiseffective. Hence, in order to make
a marketin India,the goodunderstandingof price,promotions,positioning,productand the people
is mandatory.
Issues such social and economic in India as to tourism and travel
The systemof applicationof dal tariff bothersthe hotel agents/owner, travel agents/owner as well
as the airlines. The Reserve bank of India (apex body regulating banking) has issued notice to
eliminatethe dual tariff butforeigntouristsstill paysdual tariff when the visit tourist destination in
India (Morrison, 2013)
P5.2 – Evaluate, with recommendations, the future
development of tourism in these chosen destinations.
In the given case recommendations and evaluation as to the tourist destination management of
tourism industry in India in future (Mukherjee, 2012)
1. SWOT analysis should be done by each and every state. State should identify the unique selling
destination and then state should target the countries to market their selling destinations. After
getting known to the requirement of tourists of that country state should develop further and
distribute effectively that product.
2. Blue print must be made of premium attractions and their marketing with persuasion would
ensure a flow without interruption. Such flow would bear issues like terrorism or outbreak of and
disease in any place of state.
3.Sometimessingle unpleasantincidenthasverybadimpact. So, to instil confidence in the tourists’
safety alertness campaigns should be deployed. They have positive effect over tourists.
4. Distribution network should be enhanced to cover more.
5. A deskin noticeable areain the Indian missions or embassy where ample information as to visa,
touristdestinations and other similar requirement is available would assist greatly. (Bhatia, 2012).
6.An open sky policy is also needed.
7. NRIs’ and PIOs’ potential is to be tapped.
8. Internet should be used greatly for marketing.
9. Promotions on print media and television, street shows, events like trade fairs should be
deployed.
10.Search enginesin the world should be targeted by the ministry of tourism and tourism industry
(Cooper, 2012).
Conclusion
From this report it is concluded that the tourism industry requires sustainability. As it is a duty
towards us to maintain a check over the environment and along with this to maintain a balance in
our dailyactivities.Evenwe shouldbe aware regardingthe happeningsaroundusandan exploration

13. is to be made regarding the rules and regulations and their implications. Our motive should be to
maintain an ecological balance along with our progress.
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