3. Content
• Introduction to Mobile Computing
• Mobile Communication
• Mobile OS
• Applications of Mobile Computing
• Challenges Faced
• Current trends & Future
4. What is Mobile Computing?
• Computing?
– The use or operation of computers
• Mobile?
– Able to move or be moved freely or easily
5. What is Mobile Computing? Contd.
• Mobile Computing is using a computer (of one
kind or another) while on the move
6. What is Mobile Computing? Contd.
• Being able to use a computing device even
when being mobile and therefore changing
location (Portability is one aspect of mobile
computing)
7. What is Mobile Computing? Contd.
• Mobile computing is the ability to use
computing capability without a pre-defined
location and/or connection to a network to
publish and/or subscribe to information
8. What is Mobile Computing? Contd.
• Mobile Computing is an umbrella term used
to describe technologies that enable people to
access network services anyplace, anytime,
and anywhere
9. How it all started
• 2400 BC in Babylon – the Abacus
• 1936 – Z1 Computer (Konrad Zuse)
• 1942 – ABC Computer
• 1968 – HP 9100A
• 1974 – Xerox Alto
• 1975 – Altair 8800
• 1975 – IBM 5100
10. Where does Mobile Computing come
in?
• The concept came around 1990s
• Can be divided into a number of eras:
– Portability
– Miniaturization
– Connectivity
– Convergence
– Divergence
– Apps
– Digital Ecosystem
25. There are three common technologies used
CDMA
FDMA
TDMA
Frequency division multiple access(FDMA)
Time division multiple access (TDMA)
Code division multiple access (CDMA)
26. GSM Network?
• Global System for Mobile communication
• Standard set developed by “European
Telecommunications Standards Institute”(ETSI)
28. How is 3G Better?
• Several times higher data speed;
• Enhanced audio and video streaming;
• Video-conferencing support;
• Web and WAP browsing at higher speeds;
• IPTV (TV through the Internet) support.
3G has the following enhancements over 2.5G and previous
networks:
29. Wireless Technology
• the transfer of information between two or
more points that are not connected by an
electrical conductor.
30. • Wi-Fi is a very common wireless technology
that was developed in the 1990s
technically referred to as the 802.11 protocol
52. 1. Privacy and Security risks
Authentication
Encryption
User anonymity
Instead of the actual directory telephone number, the international
mobile subscriber identity number is used within the network to uniquely
identify a mobile subscriber.
Threats
Wi-Fi networks are a shared network that makes it easier for others to
eavesdrop on your communication
• Devices are stolen and tampered
• Cryptography
• Connection
53. Solutions…
• Secure web browsing
Use secure encrypted sessions.
• Secure Internet Transactions
Use UCI’ s VPN to encrypt your network traffic.
• Always use a personal firewall
Set the firewall to deny ALL incoming connections.
54. 2. Unreliable & unpredictable wireless links
• Wireless links are not reliable.
• They may vary over time and space.
55. 3. Mobility
• This causes poor quality wireless links
• And also causes intermittent connection
– Under intermittent connected networks, traditional routing,
TCP, Application break.
• This changes context
56. 4. Limited Resources
• Insufficient Bandwidth
• High bandwidth variability
• Low bandwidth
• Limited battery power
Mobile computers must rely entirely on battery power. Combined
with compact size, this means unusually expensive batteries be used.
• Limited processing, display & storage
57. 5. Potential health hazards
• Potential health damages from cellular radio frequencies is not known
yet. However, more car accidents are related drivers who use mobile
devices like mobile phones….etc.
58. 6. Human interface with device
• As screens are often too small. Keyboards are impractical especially one-
handed & alternate methods such as speech or handwriting recognition
require training.
59. Conclusion
• Mobile Computing has severe limitations & it’s
far from impossible & technology improves all
the time……
• Lots of challenges……
• Some have (good) solutions and many others are still
waiting to be solved.
67. What do they have to say about
future of mobile computing?
Micheal Dell(Chairman and CEO in Dell Inc)
I think if you look at the small mobile devices that
we have today, whether we hold them in our hand
or otherwise, they are in fact personal computers.
We don't think of them as personal computers. We
think of them as smartphones
68. Richard Edelman(President and CEO in Edelman)
I am fascinated by the “always-on” kids, the
presence of tablets
Lee Rainie(Director Pew Research center’s Internet
and American life project)
So it's giving more power to people to be their
own economic agents. It's also obviously extending
their voices
