This presentation tackles the topic of Minimal Change Disease Presentation provides critical information but should be combined with knowledge of the presenter since it's meant for proper presentating and not read-only. Use freely to study or present.

1. Minimal change
disease
Jan Stanislav Dorosz M1770

2. Definition
Minimal change disease (MCD) is a
kidney disease in which large
amounts of proteins are lost with the
urine. It is one of the most common
causes of nephrotic syndrome.

3. Classification:
Primary glomerular disease:
➔ Minor glomerular abnormalities:
- Minimal change disease (MCD)
➔ Focal/segmental lesions:
➔ Diffuse glomerular lesions:
Differences in age groups:
➔ Children
- Almost 90% of children under the age of 10 with Nephrotic Syndrome are diagnosed with
Minimal Change Disease
➔ Adults
- Only 20% of adults with nephrotic syndrome have Minimal Change Disease

4. Pathophysiology
Podocytes are cells in the Bowman’s Capsule
that wrap around capillaries. Foot processes
(pedicels) of said podocytes are negatively
charged and function as a charged barrier not
letting negatively charged proteins (mostly
albumins) to pass.
Damage to pedicels (effacement) alter the
charged barrier function and lead to intense
passing of proteins.

5. Causes:
➔ Idiopathic
➔ Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (associated)
➔ Cytokine storm (?)

6. Diagnosis
Because Minimal Change Disease is caused by cytokine induced damage in pedicels of podocytes it’s
diagnosis with common methods is insufficient.
Light microscopy with H&E stain test of biopsied sample won’t show changes. Electron microscope is
required.
Also because damage is due to cytokines and not immune complexes deposition, immunofluorescence test
will be negative.

7. Treatment
➔ Corticosteroid therapy:
- Good response in children (above 90%)
- Good response in adults but they react slower
➔ There is a risk of relapse

8. Thank you for
your attention