SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 28
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ОПЕРАЦИЙ И
МЕТОДЫ ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ
Дмитрий ЯКУБОВ
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
• ДИНАМИЧЕСКОЕ ПРОГРАММИРОВАНИЕ
• ТЕОРИЯ ГРАФОВ
• ФУНКЦИЯ БЕЛЛМАНА
• РЕШЕНИЕ ПРИКЛАДНЫХ ЗАДАЧ
Ленинский пр., 38 – Большая полянка, 4
МАРШРУТ
ГРАФЫ
ДЕРЕВЬЯ
ВЗВЕШЕННЫЙ ГРАФ
ПОДХОДЫ К РЕШЕНИЮ
ЗАДАЧА О МИНИМАЛЬНОМ ПУТИ
ПОЛНЫЙ ПЕРЕБОР
МЕТОД ВЕТВЕЙ И
ГРАНИЦ
ДИНАМИЧЕСКОЕ
ПРОГРАММИРОВАНИЕ
МЕТОД ВЕТВЕЙ И ГРАНИЦ
РИЧАРД БЕЛЛМАН
Richard Ernest Bellman
1920 — 1984
Принстонский университет
RAND Corporation
http://www.rand.org/
ДИНАМИЧЕСКОЕ ПРОГРАММИРОВАНИЕ –
МНОГОШАГОВЫЙ ПРОЦЕСС
ФАЗОВАЯ ПЕРЕМЕННАЯ
 prev
УРАВНЕНИЕ СОСТОЯНИЯ
ЦЕЛЕВАЯ ФУНКЦИЯ
ПРИНЦИП ОПТИМАЛЬНОСТИ БЕЛЛМАНА
Принцип Беллмана. При поиске оптималь-
ного решения многошаговой задачи
оптимизации выбор управления uk на
каждом шаге, независимо от его начального
состояния xk-1, должен быть направлен на
оптимизацию не только данного, но и всех
оставшихся шагов.
МЕТОД ДИНАМИЧЕСКОГО
ПРОГРАММИРОВАНИЯ
1. Выбрать параметры (фазовые координаты), характеризующие состояние S
управляемой системы перед каждым шагом.
2. Расчленить операцию на этапы (шаги).
3. Выяснить набор шаговых управлений ui для каждого шага и налагаемые
на них ограничения.
4. Определить какой выигрыш приносит на i-ом шаге управление ui, если
перед этим система была в состоянии xi, т.е. записать функцию управления
5. Определить, как изменяется состояние системы под влиянием
управления ui на i-ом шаге: оно переходит в новое состояние
6. Записать основное рекуррентное уравнение динамического
программирования, выражающее условный оптимальный выигрыш Z через
функцию Беллмана
7. Произвести условную оптимизацию последнего (m-го) шага, задаваясь
гаммой состояний xm-1, из которых можно за один шаг дойти до конечного
состояния, вычисляя для каждого из них условный оптимальный выигрыш
8. Произвести условную оптимизацию (m-1)-го, (m-2)-го и т.д.
9. Произвести безусловную оптимизацию управления, начиная с первого
шага
ЗАДАЧА О КРАТЧАЙШЕМ ПУТИ
ТАБЛИЦА ПУТЕЙ
ЗАДАЧА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ
САМОЛЁТОМ
РЕШЕНИЕ ЗАДАЧИ О САМОЛЁТЕ
ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ ЗАДАЧИ
www.scilab.org
ВЫБАРАЙТЕ ПРАВИЛЬНЫЕ СТРАТЕГИИ
Paul Allen
ДОМАШНЕЕ ЗАДАНИЕ
Найти кратчайший путь из точки 1 в точку 10
РЕКОМЕНДУЕМАЯ ЛИТЕРАТУРА
• А.В.Лежнёв «Динамическое программирование в экономических задачах»
• Л.С.Костевич «Математическое программирование»
Не оставляйте вопросы без ответа!
Дмитрий Якубов
d_yakubov@mti.edu.ru
ЖЕЛАЕМ УСПЕХОВ!

More Related Content

Featured

2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
 
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPTEverything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPTExpeed Software
 
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsProduct Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
 
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthHow Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
 
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfAI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
 
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
 
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
 
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
 
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsSocial Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsKurio // The Social Media Age(ncy)
 
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
 
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
 
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
 
Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next Tessa Mero
 
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentGoogle's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
 
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity -  Best PracticesTime Management & Productivity -  Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
 
The six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project managementThe six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
 
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...RachelPearson36
 

Featured (20)

2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
 
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPTEverything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
 
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsProduct Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
 
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthHow Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
 
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfAI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
 
Skeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Culture CodeSkeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Culture Code
 
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
 
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
 
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
 
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsSocial Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
 
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
 
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
 
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
 
Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next
 
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentGoogle's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
 
How to have difficult conversations
How to have difficult conversations How to have difficult conversations
How to have difficult conversations
 
Introduction to Data Science
Introduction to Data ScienceIntroduction to Data Science
Introduction to Data Science
 
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity -  Best PracticesTime Management & Productivity -  Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
 
The six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project managementThe six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project management
 
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
 

исследование операций и методы оптимизации 3