1. BILLBOARD HOT 100
Jacey Sherwood Naea
MATH 239: Data Analysis and Presentation
June 23, 2016

2. “
”
WITHOUT MUSIC, LIFE WOULD BE
A MISTAKE
Friedrich Nietzsche

3. WHAT IS THE BILLBOARD HOT 100?
“The music industry standard record chart in the United States for singles(across all genres) published
weekly by Billboard magazine.”
• Tracked year-round
• Main requirement is that the single needs to available for purchase
• Based on:
• Album Sales
• Downloads
• Radio Airplay
• Streaming
• Social Interactions (Facebook, Twitter, etc.)

4. HOW DOES BILLBOARD COLLECT DATA?
Nielsen Music
• Nielsen BDS
• Nielsen Sound Scan
The Billboard Formula:
• Sales (35-45%)
• Airplay (30-40%)
• Streaming (20-30%)
“Week-to-week, some songs show largely along those percentages, while others skew noticeably
toward any of the chart’s three metrics.”

5. SALES
Compiled from:
• Retailers that represent more than 90% of the U.S. music retail market
• Direct-to-customer transactions
• Internet sales (both physical albums and downloads)
• Limited sales at concerts
Receipts not only work as invoices but also as ballots cast for a place on the charts

6. AIRPLAY
Compiled from:
• Radio stations in more than 140 markets across the U.S.
• Based on audience impressions using the Arbitron Ratings System to determine the approximate
number of audience impressions made for each play
Stations with a larger market will have greater influence than ones with a smaller one
And the time of a day a song is played has influence on a track’s performance

7. STREAMING
Compiled from:
• Streaming radio songs
• On-demand songs
• Videos from leading online music services

8. THE DATA
Taken from the week of June 11th, 2016
200 total data points
Top 100 singles (from all genres) for the given week
Data for each single includes:
• Current position for the week
• Position from the week prior
• Total weeks on the charts
• Entry Position
• Peak Position
Main focus on relationship between Entry Position and Total Week’s on the chart

9. ENTRY / TOTAL WEEKS
HISTOGRAMS
Entry Position Total Weeks Position
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Frequency
Entry Position
Entry Position of Billboard Singles
Frequency
0
10
20
30
40
50
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 More
Frequency
Total Weeks
Total Weeks Histogram
Frequency

10. THE MEAN & MEASURES OF
SPREAD
Measure of Spread
Entry Position Total Weeks
Minimum 1 1
25th Percentile 43.5 3
Median 83 7
75th Percentile 94 14.25
Maximum 100 34
Range 99 33
Standard Deviation 32.1443383 8.416404136
Interquartile Range 50.5 11.25
Q1
- 1.5(IQR) -32.25 -13.875
Q3
+ 1.5(IQR) 169.75 31.125
Entry Position Total Weeks
Mean 67.79 9.95

11. ENTRY / TOTAL WEEKS BOXPLOTS
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Entry Position Total Weeks
Billboard Singles
Entry Position vs. Total Weeks

12. ENTRY / TOTAL WEEKS
SCATTERPLOT
y = 0.0268x + 8.1355
R² = 0.0105
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
TotalWeeks
Entry Position
Entry Position vs. Total Weeks

13. WHY IS THIS EVEN IMPORTANT?
“Music speaks when words can’t express your feelings”
• Lack of a linear correlation between the two variables
• Linear best-Fit line not a good predictor of Total Weeks on chart
• Good reflection of consumer’s current tastes
• Not really useful for consumers (other than superficially)
• Very useful for the music industry professional for product evaluation and sales

14. REFERENCES
Quotes / Information
Billboard Hot 100. (2016, January 21).
Retrieved June 26, 2016, from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billboard_H
ot_100
Trust, G. (2013, September 29). Ask
Billboard: How Does The Hot 100 Work?
Retrieved June 26, 2016, from
http://www.billboard.com/articles/colum
ns/ask-billboard/5740625/ask-billboard-
how-does-the-hot-100-work
http://www.billboard.com/biz/billboard-
charts-legend
http://www.searchquotes.com/search/Mu
sic_Speaks/
Images
http://www.billboard.com/files/media/Chart%20Log
os/hot100-stack.svg (the hot 100)
https://superbrandspk.files.wordpress.com/2010/10/
nielsen_colourlogo1.jpg (the Nielsen logo)
http://minasaywhat.com/wp-
content/uploads/2014/12/album-sales.gif (Album
Sales)
http://www.gasradio.com/sites/default/files/arbitron
_logo.png (Arbitron logo)
http://www.logo20.com/logo-youtube/logo-
youtube-hd.jpg (YouTube logo)
https://martinliebermandotcom.files.wordpress.com/
2013/03/twitter_logo.jpg (Twitter logo)
http://teenspeak.org/wp-
content/uploads/2009/01/facebook_logo.jpg
(Facebook logo)
http://snowbrains.com/wp-
content/uploads/2013/06/music.jpg (treble cleff)
Dataset
Music: Top 100 Songs | Billboard Hot 100
Chart. (n.d.). Retrieved June 26, 2016,
from
http://www.billboard.com/charts/hot-
100/2016-06-11