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U.S. employment situation: September 2013 
Release date: October 22, 2013 
Job creation bounces back into 
expansion mode in September 
U.S. employment situation: September 2014 October 3, 2014
September 2014 employment summary 
•Total non-farm employment increased by 248,000 jobs in September, bouncing back from a slow August and recording yet another monthly increase of more than 200,000 jobs this year. 
-Growth was once again highly diverse and the top three subsectors in terms of additions were responsible for less than two-thirds of new jobs. 
-On a year-on-year basis, all subsectors posted net growth for the first time during the recovery. 
•Unemployment fell by 20 basis points to 5.9 percent due to a combination of persistent labor force participation declines (down to 62.8 percent in August) and steady employment gains. 
-Total unemployment declined to 11.8 percent, the first time during this cycle that it has fallen below the 10-year average. 
-Unemployment for college and high-school grads decreased sharply to a mere 2.9 and 5.2 percent, respectively.
September 2014 employment summary (con’t) 
•After months of relative stagnancy, all three office-using subsectors (PBS, financial activities and information) witnessed a jump in hiring, adding a combined 105,000 jobs during September. Revisions to previous months were also beneficial to all three industries. 
•Even with a slight dip in consumer confidence, it remains high at 86.0 points, although still below pre-recession levels. Consumer confidence has risen over the course of the year due to more consistent job growth and falling unemployment in the vast majority of geographies, while it has also spurred improved consumption and spending. 
•From a geographic perspective, Texas and the Sunbelt are the definite leaders, with markets consistently reporting 3.5 percent or greater year-on-year employment growth. While most major markets are now in the 2.0+ percent range (with the notable exceptions of Chicago and Philadelphia), they have yet to keep up with Austin, Dallas, Denver, Houston, Raleigh- Durham and South Florida in percentage terms, among other high-growth areas.
Job growth bounces back up in September after slowing in August; 2014 averages monthly growth of 223,000 jobs 
220,000 
121,000 
120,000 
360,000 
226,000 
243,000 
96,000 
110,000 
88,000 
106,000 
122,000 
221,000 
183,000 
164,000 
196,000 
360,000 
226,000 
243,000 
96,000 
110,000 
88,000 
160,000 
150,000 
161,000 
225,000 
203,000 
214,000 
197,000 
280,000 
141,000 
203,000 
199,000 
201,000 
149,000 
202,000 
164,000 
237,000 
274,000 
84,000 
144,000 
222,000 
201,000 
304,000 
202,000 
267,000 
243,000 
180,000 
248,000 
0 
50,000 
100,000 
150,000 
200,000 
250,000 
300,000 
350,000 
400,000 
Oct-10 
Dec-11 
Feb-11 
Apr-11 
Jun-11 
Aug-11 
Oct-11 
Dec-11 
Feb-12 
Apr-12 
Jun-12 
Aug-12 
Oct-12 
Dec-12 
Feb-13 
Apr-13 
Jun-13 
Aug-13 
Oct-13 
Dec-13 
Feb-14 
Apr-14 
Jun-14 
Aug-14 
1-month net change 
Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
4
Another month of gains greater than 200,000 jobs pushed down unemployment to 5.9 percent in September 
0.0% 
2.0% 
4.0% 
6.0% 
8.0% 
10.0% 
12.0% 
-1,000.0 
-800.0 
-600.0 
-400.0 
-200.0 
0.0 
200.0 
400.0 
600.0 
2003 
2004 
2005 
2006 
2007 
2008 
2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
2014 
Unemployment rate (%) 
1-month net change (thousands) 
Monthly employment change 
Unemployment rate 
Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
5
Job openings have hit a seven-year high, remaining stable at 4.7 million 
Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
6 
0 
500 
1,000 
1,500 
2,000 
2,500 
3,000 
3,500 
4,000 
4,500 
5,000 
2006 
2007 
2008 
2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
2014 
Job openings (thousands)
-3.0 
-2.1 
-0.8 
0.0 
1.8 
1.9 
4.0 
7.0 
9.0 
12.0 
12.0 
12.0 
16.0 
19.7 
22.7 
32.0 
33.0 
35.3 
81.0 
-40 
-20 
0 
20 
40 
60 
80 
100 
Nondurable goods 
Utilities 
Motor vehicles and parts 
Other services 
Wholesale trade 
Transportation and warehousing 
Manufacturing 
Durable goods 
Mining and logging 
Information 
Financial activities 
Government 
Construction 
Temporary help services 
Health care and social assistance 
Education and health services 
Leisure and hospitality 
Retail trade 
Professional and business services 
1-month net change (thousands) 
After months of slow growth, office-using industries surge by 105,000 jobs, but gains remain diverse 
Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
7 
PBS 
Retail trade 
Leisure and hospitality 
All other subsectors 
Top three subsectors responsible for 60.2 percent of monthly growth.
1.7 
10.0 
14.0 
47.0 
47.0 
52.0 
61.4 
89.0 
108.9 
139.7 
147.0 
161.0 
230.0 
232.5 
264.4 
343.7 
372.0 
399.0 
713.0 
0 
200 
400 
600 
800 
Utilities 
Information 
Nondurable goods 
Government 
Other services 
Mining and logging 
Motor vehicles and parts 
Financial activities 
Wholesale trade 
Transportation and warehousing 
Durable goods 
Manufacturing 
Construction 
Temporary help services 
Retail trade 
Health care and social assistance 
Leisure and hospitality 
Education and health services 
Professional and business services 
12-month net change (thousands) 
PBS 
Education and health 
Leisure and hospitality 
Retail trade 
Manufacturing 
Financial activities 
All other jobs 
For the first time during the recovery, all subsectors demonstrated net growth, with YoY gains totaling 2.6 million 
Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
8 
Core subsectors added 75.8 percent of all jobs over the past 12 months.
-1,000 
-800 
-600 
-400 
-200 
0 
200 
400 
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 
Change in '000s jobs 
Strength in the private sector provides first 24-month growth of 
more than 5.0 million jobs 
Private sector hiring up 5.0 
million since September 2012 
Public sector hiring down 16,000 
workers since September 2012 
Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
9
0 
2 
4 
6 
8 
10 
12 
Unemployment (%) 
Bachelor's degree and higher 
High school graduates, no college 
Unemployment for both college and high school grads drops sharply, with white-collar unemployment at just 2.9 percent… 
2.9% 
5.3% 
Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
10
…but labor force participation in both segments has remained largely flat and at record lows 
Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
11 
54.0% 
55.0% 
56.0% 
57.0% 
58.0% 
59.0% 
60.0% 
61.0% 
62.0% 
63.0% 
64.0% 
70.0% 
71.0% 
72.0% 
73.0% 
74.0% 
75.0% 
76.0% 
77.0% 
78.0% 
79.0% 
80.0% 
2007 
2008 
2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
2014 
High school graduate labor force participation rate (%) 
College graduate labor force participation rate (%) 
Bachelor's degree 
High school, no college
Both goods-producing and service-providing employment are growing faster, posting notable increases in job creation 
-1,000.0 
-800.0 
-600.0 
-400.0 
-200.0 
0.0 
200.0 
400.0 
600.0 
2008 
2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
2014 
1-month net change (thousands) 
Goods-producing 
Service-providing 
Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
12
Improvements in financial activities and information push 
office-using gains past energy 
-11.0 
-9.0 
-7.0 
-5.0 
-3.0 
-1.0 
1.0 
3.0 
5.0 
7.0 
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 
High-tech Energy, Mining, and Utilities Office-using industries Total non-farm 
Source: JLL Research, Moody’s. Note: Due to data lags, high-tech employment only available through August 2014. 
13 
12-month % change (jobs)
Tech still leading but slightly slower in line with national trends, while energy remains up-and-down 
Year-on-year percent employment growth 
Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
14
Initial unemployment claims continue to fall: 4-week moving average the past three weeks has been below 300,000 
Source: JLL Research, U.S. Department of Labor 
15 
200,000 
250,000 
300,000 
350,000 
400,000 
450,000 
500,000 
550,000 
600,000 
650,000 
700,000 
Claims 
Initial claims 
4-week moving average
0% 
2% 
4% 
6% 
8% 
10% 
12% 
0 
10 
20 
30 
40 
50 
60 
70 
80 
90 
100 
2008 
2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
2014 
Unemployment rate (%) 
Consumer confidence index 
Consumer confidence index 
Unemployment rate 
Although consumer confidence dipped slightly to 86.0 points, it remains high as unemployment continues to fall 
Source: JLL Research, Conference Board, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
16
Quits are slowly rising as worker sentiment about the job market slowly grows 
Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
17 
0 
500 
1,000 
1,500 
2,000 
2,500 
3,000 
3,500 
2006 
2007 
2008 
2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
2014 
Quits (thousands)
Sunbelt and Texas remain dominant, with Raleigh-Durham year- on-year growth at a whopping 4.7 percent 
Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
18 
Raleigh-Durham 
4.7% 
Houston 
4.0% 
Dallas 
3.9% 
Austin 3.8% 
Miami 
3.5% 
San Francisco 3.3%
Some East Coast and Midwestern markets are still posting job growth below 1.0 percent year-on-year, however 
19 
Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
Hampton Roads 0.5% 
Washington, DC 
0.6% 
Columbus 
0.7% 
Detroit 
0.9% 
New Jersey 
0.8% 
Westchester County 
1.0%
The labor force participation rate stayed flat a recovery low of 62.8 percent, contributing to the decline in unemployment 
Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
20 
61.0% 
62.0% 
63.0% 
64.0% 
65.0% 
66.0% 
67.0% 
2008 
2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
2014 
Labor force participation rate (%)
Total unemployment drops below 12.0 percent for the first time during the recovery and is now below average 
6.0% 
8.0% 
10.0% 
12.0% 
14.0% 
16.0% 
18.0% 
Total unemployment U-6 
10-year average 
Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
21
Solid increases in PBS, financial and information sectors all pushed up office-using industries’ share of monthly growth 
Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
22
Office-using job growth posted highest volume since early 2013, while revisions push up previous months 
-300 
-250 
-200 
-150 
-100 
-50 
0 
50 
100 
150 
2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
2014 
Information 
Professional and business services 
Financial activities 
PBS represented 75.0 percent of office jobs lost in February 2010. In July 2014, it represented all 77.1 percent of new office jobs. 
Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
23
Temporary help services is still on its way to 3.0 million jobs, but rate of growth slightly slower and more stable 
1,000.0 
1,500.0 
2,000.0 
2,500.0 
3,000.0 
3,500.0 
-100.0 
-80.0 
-60.0 
-40.0 
-20.0 
0.0 
20.0 
40.0 
60.0 
80.0 
2009 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
2014 
Monthly net change in jobs (ths) 
Temporary employment monthly net change 
Temporary employment 
Temporary employment (ths) 
Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 
24
©2014 JLL Research IP, Inc. All rights reserved. All information contained herein is from sources deemed reliable; however, no representation or warranty is made to the accuracy thereof. 
For more information, please contact: 
Ben Breslau 
Managing Director - Americas Research 
Benjamin.Breslau@am.jll.com 
John Sikaitis 
Managing Director - Office and Local Markets Research 
John.Sikaitis@am.jll.com 
Phil Ryan 
Research Analyst 
Phil.Ryan@am.jll.com 
Or, find more employment, business and real 
estate research at jll.com. 
>>> Click here to check it out.

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U.S. employment update and outlook: October 2014

  • 1. U.S. employment situation: September 2013 Release date: October 22, 2013 Job creation bounces back into expansion mode in September U.S. employment situation: September 2014 October 3, 2014
  • 2. September 2014 employment summary •Total non-farm employment increased by 248,000 jobs in September, bouncing back from a slow August and recording yet another monthly increase of more than 200,000 jobs this year. -Growth was once again highly diverse and the top three subsectors in terms of additions were responsible for less than two-thirds of new jobs. -On a year-on-year basis, all subsectors posted net growth for the first time during the recovery. •Unemployment fell by 20 basis points to 5.9 percent due to a combination of persistent labor force participation declines (down to 62.8 percent in August) and steady employment gains. -Total unemployment declined to 11.8 percent, the first time during this cycle that it has fallen below the 10-year average. -Unemployment for college and high-school grads decreased sharply to a mere 2.9 and 5.2 percent, respectively.
  • 3. September 2014 employment summary (con’t) •After months of relative stagnancy, all three office-using subsectors (PBS, financial activities and information) witnessed a jump in hiring, adding a combined 105,000 jobs during September. Revisions to previous months were also beneficial to all three industries. •Even with a slight dip in consumer confidence, it remains high at 86.0 points, although still below pre-recession levels. Consumer confidence has risen over the course of the year due to more consistent job growth and falling unemployment in the vast majority of geographies, while it has also spurred improved consumption and spending. •From a geographic perspective, Texas and the Sunbelt are the definite leaders, with markets consistently reporting 3.5 percent or greater year-on-year employment growth. While most major markets are now in the 2.0+ percent range (with the notable exceptions of Chicago and Philadelphia), they have yet to keep up with Austin, Dallas, Denver, Houston, Raleigh- Durham and South Florida in percentage terms, among other high-growth areas.
  • 4. Job growth bounces back up in September after slowing in August; 2014 averages monthly growth of 223,000 jobs 220,000 121,000 120,000 360,000 226,000 243,000 96,000 110,000 88,000 106,000 122,000 221,000 183,000 164,000 196,000 360,000 226,000 243,000 96,000 110,000 88,000 160,000 150,000 161,000 225,000 203,000 214,000 197,000 280,000 141,000 203,000 199,000 201,000 149,000 202,000 164,000 237,000 274,000 84,000 144,000 222,000 201,000 304,000 202,000 267,000 243,000 180,000 248,000 0 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000 350,000 400,000 Oct-10 Dec-11 Feb-11 Apr-11 Jun-11 Aug-11 Oct-11 Dec-11 Feb-12 Apr-12 Jun-12 Aug-12 Oct-12 Dec-12 Feb-13 Apr-13 Jun-13 Aug-13 Oct-13 Dec-13 Feb-14 Apr-14 Jun-14 Aug-14 1-month net change Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 4
  • 5. Another month of gains greater than 200,000 jobs pushed down unemployment to 5.9 percent in September 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0% 10.0% 12.0% -1,000.0 -800.0 -600.0 -400.0 -200.0 0.0 200.0 400.0 600.0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Unemployment rate (%) 1-month net change (thousands) Monthly employment change Unemployment rate Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 5
  • 6. Job openings have hit a seven-year high, remaining stable at 4.7 million Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 6 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Job openings (thousands)
  • 7. -3.0 -2.1 -0.8 0.0 1.8 1.9 4.0 7.0 9.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 16.0 19.7 22.7 32.0 33.0 35.3 81.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Nondurable goods Utilities Motor vehicles and parts Other services Wholesale trade Transportation and warehousing Manufacturing Durable goods Mining and logging Information Financial activities Government Construction Temporary help services Health care and social assistance Education and health services Leisure and hospitality Retail trade Professional and business services 1-month net change (thousands) After months of slow growth, office-using industries surge by 105,000 jobs, but gains remain diverse Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 7 PBS Retail trade Leisure and hospitality All other subsectors Top three subsectors responsible for 60.2 percent of monthly growth.
  • 8. 1.7 10.0 14.0 47.0 47.0 52.0 61.4 89.0 108.9 139.7 147.0 161.0 230.0 232.5 264.4 343.7 372.0 399.0 713.0 0 200 400 600 800 Utilities Information Nondurable goods Government Other services Mining and logging Motor vehicles and parts Financial activities Wholesale trade Transportation and warehousing Durable goods Manufacturing Construction Temporary help services Retail trade Health care and social assistance Leisure and hospitality Education and health services Professional and business services 12-month net change (thousands) PBS Education and health Leisure and hospitality Retail trade Manufacturing Financial activities All other jobs For the first time during the recovery, all subsectors demonstrated net growth, with YoY gains totaling 2.6 million Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 8 Core subsectors added 75.8 percent of all jobs over the past 12 months.
  • 9. -1,000 -800 -600 -400 -200 0 200 400 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Change in '000s jobs Strength in the private sector provides first 24-month growth of more than 5.0 million jobs Private sector hiring up 5.0 million since September 2012 Public sector hiring down 16,000 workers since September 2012 Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 9
  • 10. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Unemployment (%) Bachelor's degree and higher High school graduates, no college Unemployment for both college and high school grads drops sharply, with white-collar unemployment at just 2.9 percent… 2.9% 5.3% Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 10
  • 11. …but labor force participation in both segments has remained largely flat and at record lows Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 11 54.0% 55.0% 56.0% 57.0% 58.0% 59.0% 60.0% 61.0% 62.0% 63.0% 64.0% 70.0% 71.0% 72.0% 73.0% 74.0% 75.0% 76.0% 77.0% 78.0% 79.0% 80.0% 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 High school graduate labor force participation rate (%) College graduate labor force participation rate (%) Bachelor's degree High school, no college
  • 12. Both goods-producing and service-providing employment are growing faster, posting notable increases in job creation -1,000.0 -800.0 -600.0 -400.0 -200.0 0.0 200.0 400.0 600.0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 1-month net change (thousands) Goods-producing Service-providing Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 12
  • 13. Improvements in financial activities and information push office-using gains past energy -11.0 -9.0 -7.0 -5.0 -3.0 -1.0 1.0 3.0 5.0 7.0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 High-tech Energy, Mining, and Utilities Office-using industries Total non-farm Source: JLL Research, Moody’s. Note: Due to data lags, high-tech employment only available through August 2014. 13 12-month % change (jobs)
  • 14. Tech still leading but slightly slower in line with national trends, while energy remains up-and-down Year-on-year percent employment growth Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 14
  • 15. Initial unemployment claims continue to fall: 4-week moving average the past three weeks has been below 300,000 Source: JLL Research, U.S. Department of Labor 15 200,000 250,000 300,000 350,000 400,000 450,000 500,000 550,000 600,000 650,000 700,000 Claims Initial claims 4-week moving average
  • 16. 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Unemployment rate (%) Consumer confidence index Consumer confidence index Unemployment rate Although consumer confidence dipped slightly to 86.0 points, it remains high as unemployment continues to fall Source: JLL Research, Conference Board, Bureau of Labor Statistics 16
  • 17. Quits are slowly rising as worker sentiment about the job market slowly grows Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 17 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Quits (thousands)
  • 18. Sunbelt and Texas remain dominant, with Raleigh-Durham year- on-year growth at a whopping 4.7 percent Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 18 Raleigh-Durham 4.7% Houston 4.0% Dallas 3.9% Austin 3.8% Miami 3.5% San Francisco 3.3%
  • 19. Some East Coast and Midwestern markets are still posting job growth below 1.0 percent year-on-year, however 19 Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics Hampton Roads 0.5% Washington, DC 0.6% Columbus 0.7% Detroit 0.9% New Jersey 0.8% Westchester County 1.0%
  • 20. The labor force participation rate stayed flat a recovery low of 62.8 percent, contributing to the decline in unemployment Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 20 61.0% 62.0% 63.0% 64.0% 65.0% 66.0% 67.0% 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Labor force participation rate (%)
  • 21. Total unemployment drops below 12.0 percent for the first time during the recovery and is now below average 6.0% 8.0% 10.0% 12.0% 14.0% 16.0% 18.0% Total unemployment U-6 10-year average Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 21
  • 22. Solid increases in PBS, financial and information sectors all pushed up office-using industries’ share of monthly growth Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 22
  • 23. Office-using job growth posted highest volume since early 2013, while revisions push up previous months -300 -250 -200 -150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Information Professional and business services Financial activities PBS represented 75.0 percent of office jobs lost in February 2010. In July 2014, it represented all 77.1 percent of new office jobs. Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 23
  • 24. Temporary help services is still on its way to 3.0 million jobs, but rate of growth slightly slower and more stable 1,000.0 1,500.0 2,000.0 2,500.0 3,000.0 3,500.0 -100.0 -80.0 -60.0 -40.0 -20.0 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Monthly net change in jobs (ths) Temporary employment monthly net change Temporary employment Temporary employment (ths) Source: JLL Research, Bureau of Labor Statistics 24
  • 25. ©2014 JLL Research IP, Inc. All rights reserved. All information contained herein is from sources deemed reliable; however, no representation or warranty is made to the accuracy thereof. For more information, please contact: Ben Breslau Managing Director - Americas Research Benjamin.Breslau@am.jll.com John Sikaitis Managing Director - Office and Local Markets Research John.Sikaitis@am.jll.com Phil Ryan Research Analyst Phil.Ryan@am.jll.com Or, find more employment, business and real estate research at jll.com. >>> Click here to check it out.